食盐与心血管结局

介绍了食盐与心血管结局关系的最新研究结果,食盐摄入量与心血管结局之间呈J形关系;低盐和高盐都增加心血管危险;不支持普遍减盐推荐。     

深共熔溶剂-高效液相色谱联用提取测定环境水样中的3种药品和个人护理品

建立了深共熔溶剂-高效液相色谱联用提取测定环境水样中3种药品和个人护理品(PPCPs)的方法。通过优化前处理条件,3种PPCPs(氯霉素、氯苯甘醚和萘普生)利用氯化胆碱-乙二醇深共熔溶剂为提取剂,经超声功率120 W下超声波提取5 min,离心转速9000 r/min下离心10 min富集提取。采用外标法定量分析,在5.0~200.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r≥0.9998。3种环境水样中PPCPs的回收率为81.4%~94.8%,相对标准偏差分别为1.5%,0.4%和0.3%。氯霉素、氯苯甘醚和萘普生的方法检出限(LODs)分别为0.9,3.3,1.6 mg/L,定量限(LOQs)分别为3.1,12.2,5.0 mg/L。方法能够满足环境水样中3种PPCPs的检测需求。     

液相色谱-四极杆-静电轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定保健食品中11种磷酸二酯酶抑制剂

保健食品样品用50%(体积分数)甲醇溶液超声提取15 min,提取液用水定容至50.0mL,离心,取上清液,经0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤,采用液相色谱-四极杆-静电轨道阱高分辨质谱法测定滤液中11种磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的含量。以Waters HSS T3色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和乙腈的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱分析中采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式和全扫描模式。11种磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的质量浓度均在2~100μg·L^-1内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)为0.02~0.5μg·L^-1。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为75.7%~98.9%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为5.9%~14%。     

保健食品中非法添加物检测的前处理及分析方法研究进展

保健食品作为一种特定的食品种类,能调节人体的机能,适用于特定人群食用.但是在保健食品中添加化学药物和非法添加物的现象也层出不穷,因此迫切需要建立多指标的有效检测方法,为保健食品的质量安全提供技术保障.高效的前处理方法和高灵敏的分析方法为检测非法添加物提供了有效的技术手段.综述了近三年来溶剂萃取和固相萃取样品前处理方法,以及高效液相色谱、实时直接分析质谱、表面增强拉曼光谱及色谱-质谱串联技术等分析方法在微量及痕量非法添加物检测中的应用,为进一步研究建立高效简便的前处理方法和检测新方法、新技术提供理论参考.     

Nano-enabled biosensing systems for intelligent healthcare: towards COVID-19 management

Biosensors are emerging as efficient (sensitive and selective) and affordable analytical diagnostic tools for early-stage disease detection, as required for personalized health wellness management. Low-level detection of a targeted disease biomarker (pM level) has emerged extremely useful to evaluate the progression of disease under therapy. Such collected bioinformatics and its multi-aspects-oriented analytics is in demand to explore the effectiveness of a prescribed treatment, optimize therapy, and correlate biomarker level with disease pathogenesis. Owing to nanotechnology-enabled advancements in sensing unit fabrication, device integration, interfacing, packaging, and sensing performance at point-of-care (POC) has rendered diagnostics according to the requirements of disease management and patient disease profile i.e. in a personalized manner. Efforts are continuously being made to promote the state of art biosensing technology as a next-generation non-invasive disease diagnostics methodology. Keeping this in view, this progressive opinion article describes personalized health care management related analytical tools which can provide access to better health for everyone, with overreaching aim to manage healthy tomorrow timely. Considering accomplishments and predictions, such affordable intelligent diagnostics tools are urgently required to manage COVID-19 pandemic, a life-threatening respiratory infectious disease, where a rapid, selective and sensitive detection of human beta severe acute respiratory system coronavirus (SARS-COoV-2) protein is the key factor.     

Trace determination of parabens in cosmetics and personal care products using fabric‐phase sorptive extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection

A simple, fast, and sensitive analytical protocol using fabric‐phase sorptive extraction followed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection has been developed and validated for the extraction of five parabens including methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, and benzylparaben. In the present work, sol‐gel polyethylene glycol coated fabric‐phase sorptive extraction membrane is used for the preconcentration of parabens (polar) from complex matrices. The use of fabric‐phase sorptive extraction membrane provides a high surface area which offers high sorbent loading, shortened equilibrium time, and overall decrease in the sample preparation time. Various factors affecting the performance of fabric‐phase sorptive extraction, including extraction time, eluting solvent, elution time, and pH of the sample matrix, were optimized. Separation was performed using a mobile phase consisting of water:acetonitrile (63:37; v/v) at an isocratic elution mode at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min with wavelength at 254 nm. The calibration curves of the target analytes were prepared with good correlation coefficient values (r² > 0.9955). The limit of detection values range from 0.252 to 0.580 ng/mL. Finally, the method was successfully applied to various cosmetics and personal care product samples such as rose water, deodorant, hair serum, and cream with extraction recoveries ranged between 88 and 122% with relative standard deviation <5%.     

Simultaneous separation and determination of 20 potential adulterant antigout and antiosteoporosis pharmaceutical compounds in herbal food products using LC with electrospray ionization MS/MS and LC with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight MS

An analytical method for the simultaneous and reliable determination of 20 antigout and antiosteoporosis pharmaceutical compounds in adulterated health food products was developed using liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The method was validated through the determination of specificity, linearity, limit of detection, and limit of quantification, method detection limit, method quantitation limit, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability. The matrix effect was also determined. The validation results of the developed method are as follows: for solid and liquid blank samples, limits of detection ranged from 0.05 to 5.00 ng/mL and limits of quantification ranged from 0.15 to 15.00 ng/mL. Linearity was acceptable, and the correlation coefficients (R²) were ≥0.99 for all target compounds. Both intra and interday precision were less than 9.16% RSD, and accuracies ranged from 95.31 to 116.68%. Mean recoveries for different types of dietary supplements classified as powders, liquids, tablets, and capsules were found to be 80.81 to 117.62% with less than 15.00% relative standard deviation. The stability of the standard mixture solution was less than 11.72% relative standard deviation after 48 h. By the proposed method, the presence of dexamethasone was determined in seized herbal food products at concentrations that ranged from 126 to 215 µg/g.     

健身气功与“心性”之关系研究

从健身气功的历史渊源与"心性"的思想来源探究它们存在着难以割舍的关系,对健身气功这种善行的直觉修养、道德追求、养心寡欲、身心一体进行逻辑分析,认为它的本质是体现"道血气,以求长年、长心、长德.此为身也"的心性修养.     

隧道健康动态评价模型与应用

在隧道健康安全评价的指标体系及其等级标准的基础上,通过规范化处理样本资料库中的元素,消除了指标类型和量纲的影响后,提出用集对分析方法构造可变模糊集的相对差异度函数,合理的确定了各层相关隧道健康评价指标处于级别标准区间的相对隶属函数,采用乘积标度法确定相关指标权重后,得出了隧道健康模糊综合评价动态模型。确定健康级别指标特征值后,结合实例计算证明了文中所提方法的科学性与合理性,有利于推动可变模糊集理论在土木工程领域的进一步发展。     

面向缩聚模型的结构损伤识别研究

为了减少结构健康监测系统中传感器的数量,创新性地结合缩聚原理和自适应二次乘方和误差法提出了一种面向缩聚模型的结构损伤识别方法.根据模型缩聚原理对结构有限元模型进行了缩聚,依据缩聚后有限元模型、利用自适应二次乘方和误差法对结构参数进行了识别和追踪,从而实现了结构损伤的识别.对某一大型平面桁架结构进行了仿真,期间考虑了白噪声和地震波的影响;对某一悬臂梁结构进行了实验,以研究白噪声、正弦、拟El-Centro 3种激励下的6种情况.结果表明:所提方法只需使用少量的传感器便可精确地识别出结构中损伤的发生时刻和损伤的程度及位置,仿真结果的最大误差小于3%,实验结果的最大误差小于5%.