研究型大学中药学专业人才培养模式改革探讨

新的中药学专业人才培养方案基本确立了由通识课程、大类课程、专业课程和个性化课程四大类课程组成的课程体系。该课程体系实现了通识教育、专业教育和个性教育的统一,强化了通识教育和学科交叉,突出了学生个性和特长的培养。该文从新型人才培养模式的框架为出发点,重点讨论了中药学专业的课程改革方案。     

大思政育人环境下兽医内科学课程思政的研究与探讨——以西昌学院为例

以西昌学院兽医内科学课程为例,在课程教学目标的基础上,分别从课程思政元素的挖掘、教师思政教育意识的提升、教学组织和教学方法的优化、教学评价体系的改革等方面详细探讨了西昌学院兽医内科学课程思政的实施情况,并对育人成效进行了分析。相关研究可为动物医学相关专业课程思政的建设提供借鉴,将有助于为四川凉山地区培养德才兼备的高素质应用型兽医人才。     

药品电子商务系统的分析与设计

医药电子商务是以医疗机构、医药公司、药品生产单位、医药信息服务提供商为网络成员,通过Internet网络应用平台,为用户提供安全、可靠、开放并易于维护的医药贸易电子商务平台.通过Dreamweaver、JSP 和SQL Server2000技术实现了在线药品电子商务系统.     

藏药藏茵陈的研究进展及开发利用

本文对近年来藏药特药藏茵陈在资源调查、化学成分、药理活性、临床应用及组织培养等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并提出了开发利用藏茵陈资源的建议.     

蒙古高原野豌豆属植物的分类研究

确认了蒙古高原野豌豆属植物有19种（包括3种栽培植物）,1变种;把V.sativa L.和V.angustifolia 合并,同意《Fl.Siber.Centr.》（vol.2,1979)中将V.amoena Fisch.ex DC.的2个变种,以及V.cracca L.的3个变种;确定了V.megalotropis Ledeb.在内蒙古有分布;而V.bungei Ohwi。在内蒙古没有分布;更正了《内蒙古植物志》（ed.secund.vol.3,1989)中一些种的不确切分布。     

应用蚕豆根尖微核技术对环境物质诱变效应的研究

目的:为探讨环境物质诱变效应实验技术的可行性。方法:利用蚕豆根尖微核技术,应用水样及中药提取液诱变蚕豆根尖微核进行实验方法研究,同时辅以水的理化检验指标,进一步找出水中化学成分与微核的关系。结果:化学毒物有致突变性,而某中药提取液有抑制突变的作用。结论:作为化学毒物致突变性和中药提取液抑制突变研究用蚕豆根尖微核技术是经济实惠的,为今后此方面的研究工作提供科学依据。     

The Extracts of Polygonum cuspidatum Root and Rhizome Block the Entry of SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron Pseudotyped Viruses via Inhibition of the S-Protein and 3CL Protease

COVID-19, resulting from infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, caused a contagious pandemic. Even with the current vaccines, there is still an urgent need to develop effective pharmacological treatments against this deadly disease. Here, we show that the water and ethanol extracts of the root and rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix), a common Chinese herbal medicine, blocked the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped virus into fibroblasts or zebrafish larvae, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.015 to 0.04 mg/mL. The extracts were shown to inhibit various aspects of the pseudovirus entry, including the interaction between the spike protein (S-protein) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor, and the 3CL protease activity. Out of the chemical compounds tested in this report, gallic acid, a phytochemical in P. cuspidatum, was shown to have a significant anti-viral effect. Therefore, this might be responsible, at least in part, for the anti-viral efficacy of the herbal extract. Together, our data suggest that the extracts of P. cuspidatum inhibit the entry of wild-type and the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, and so they could be considered as potent treatments against COVID-19.     

Biological Risk Assessment of Three Dental Composite Materials following Gas Plasma Exposure

Gas plasma is an approved technology that generates a plethora of reactive oxygen species, which are actively applied for chronic wound healing. Its particular antimicrobial action has spurred interest in other medical fields, such as periodontitis in dentistry. Recent work has indicated the possibility of performing gas plasma-mediated biofilm removal on teeth. Teeth frequently contain restoration materials for filling cavities, e.g., resin-based composites. However, it is unknown if such materials are altered upon gas plasma exposure. To this end, we generated a new in-house workflow for three commonly used resin-based composites following gas plasma treatment and incubated the material with human HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro. Cytotoxicity was investigated by metabolic activity analysis, flow cytometry, and quantitative high-content fluorescence imaging. The inflammatory consequences were assessed using quantitative analysis of 13 different chemokines and cytokines in the culture supernatants. Hydrogen peroxide served as the control condition. A modest but significant cytotoxic effect was observed in the metabolic activity and viability after plasma treatment for all three composites. This was only partially treatment time-dependent and the composites alone affected the cells to some extent, as evident by differential secretion profiles of VEGF, for example. Gas plasma composite modification markedly elevated the secretion of IL6, IL8, IL18, and CCL2, with the latter showing the highest correlation with treatment time (Pearson’s r > 0.95). Cell culture media incubated with gas plasma-treated composite chips and added to cells thereafter could not replicate the effects, pointing to the potential that surface modifications elicited the findings. In conclusion, our data suggest that gas plasma treatment modifies composite material surfaces to a certain extent, leading to measurable but overall modest biological effects.     

Analysis of Plant–Plant Interactions Reveals the Presence of Potent Antileukemic Compounds

A method to identify anticancer compounds in plants was proposed based on the hypothesis that these compounds are primarily present in plants to provide them with an ecological advantage over neighboring plants and other competitors. According to this view, identifying plants that contain compounds that inhibit or interfere with the development of other plant species may facilitate the discovery of novel anticancer agents. The method was developed and tested using Magnolia grandiflora, Gynoxys verrucosa, Picradeniopsis oppositifolia, and Hedyosmum racemosum, which are plant species known to possess compounds with cytotoxic activities. Plant extracts were screened for growth inhibitory activity, and then a thin-layer chromatography bioautography assay was conducted. This located the major antileukemic compounds 1, 2, 4, and 5 in the extracts. Once the active compounds were located, they were extracted and purified, and their structures were determined. The growth inhibitory activity of the purified compounds showed a significant correlation with their antileukemic activity. The proposed approach is rapid, inexpensive, and can easily be implemented in areas of the world with high biodiversity but with less access to advanced facilities and biological assays.     

Non-Invasive Detection of Anti-Inflammatory Bioactivity and Key Chemical Indicators of the Commercial Lanqin Oral Solution by Near Infrared Spectroscopy

Quality control methods of current traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation is time-consuming and difficult to assess in terms of overall efficiency of the drug. A non-destructive rapid near-infrared spectroscopy detection system for key chemical components and biological activity of Lanqin oral solution (LOS), one of the best-selling TCM formulations, was established for comprehensive quality evaluation. Near infrared spectral scanning was carried out on 101 batches of commercial LOS under the penetrated vial state and traditional state. RAW 264.7 cells were cultured to detect the anti-inflammatory ability of LOS, and the reference concentrations of epigoitrin, geniposide, and baicalin were obtained by HPLC. The quantitative models were optimized by three kinds of variable selection methods. The correlation coefficients of prediction value of the models were greater than 0.94. The system also passed the external validation. The performance of the non-invasive models was similar to the traditional models. The established non-destructive system can be applied to the rapid quality inspection of LOS to avoid unqualified drugs from entering the market and ensure drug effectiveness. The biological activity index of LOS was introduced and predicted by NIRs for the first time, which provides a new idea about the quality control of TCM formulations.