Near-wall damping in model predictions of separated flows

Different near-wall scalings are reviewed by the use of data from direct numerical simulations (DNS) of attached and separated adverse pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers. The turbulent boundary layer equation is analysed in order to extend the validity of existing wall damping functions to turbulent boundary layers under severe adverse pressure gradients. A proposed near-wall scaling is based on local quantities and the wall distance, which makes it applicable for general computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. It was found to have a similar behaviour as the pressure-gradient corrected analytical y^* scaling and avoids the inconsistencies present in the y⁺ scaling. The performance of the model is illustrated by model computations using explicit algebraic Reynolds stress models with near-wall damping based on different scalings.     

Polarization-insensitive unidirectional spoof surface plasmon polaritons coupling by gradient metasurface

A polarization-insensitive unidirectional spoof surface plasmon polariton(SPP) coupler mediated by a gradient metasurface is proposed. The field distributions and average Poynting vector of the coupled spoof SPPs are analyzed. The simulated and experimental results support the theoretical analysis and indicate that the designed gradient metasurface can couple both the parallel-polarized and normally-polarized incident waves to the spoof SPPs propagating in the same direction at about 5 GHz.     

低本底伽马能谱测量在沉积岩分类判别中的应用及其影响因素探讨

沉积岩中放射性元素铀、钍、钾的含量主要取决于岩石中泥质的含量,而泥质含量的高低是判别沉积岩类别的主要依据,因此,可以将铀、钍、钾的比活度或含量值作为判别沉积岩岩类的量化指标。利用低本底伽马能谱法测量岩石样品中铀、钍、钾的比活度或含量,可以快速、准确地进行岩类判别。由于放射性测量受样品几何形状、样品质量及其所含水分含量变化的影响,因此岩类判别的准确性会受到影响。通过理论探讨和实验验证,发现各待测核素特征峰计数率值与样品质量成线性关系, 且不同的能量区域、不同的岩性,线性关系系数与趋势拟合程度都是不同的;当样品的水分含量不超过10%(取样时,岩屑水分不超过10%)时,对测量结果的影响很小(变化值均在一倍均方差以内),因此,水分含量对低本底伽马能谱法判别沉积岩岩类的准确性不产生显著的影响,一般可以不予考虑。对陕西定边某油气勘查区钻孔岩屑样品进行判别试验,对实测数据进行质量校正后,利用铀、钍、钾道的“归一化”计数率值(即单位质量的计数率)只能粗略地划分不同沉积岩的大类,再以铀、钍、钾特征峰的合峰计数率建立综合判别模式,能够对岩类进行进一步细分,且判别准确度达到75%以上。     

特低渗透油藏面积井网见水时间计算

特低渗透油藏在水驱开发过程中常表现出渗透率各向异性和流体非达西渗流特征,运用非达西渗流公式及流线积分法,得到特低渗透油藏五点井网、反九点井网和菱形反九点井网在油水两相非活塞式驱替条件下的油井见水时间.计算长庆鄂尔多斯盆地某特低渗透油藏井网见水时间,结果与实际动态符合较好.分析油水黏度比、渗透率各向异性及启动压力梯度对油井见水时间的影响,结果表明：油水黏度比越大,油井的见水时间越早;当菱形反九点井网长轴方向井距与短轴方向井距之比与渗透率各向异性强度大致相等时,长轴方向与短轴方向上的角井能实现均衡驱替;启动压力梯度延缓了油井的见水时间,且生产井距越大,启动压力梯度的影响越显著.     

Numerical investigation of a coupled moving boundary model of radial flow in low-permeable stress-sensitive reservoir with threshold pressure gradient

The threshold pressure gradient and formation stress-sensitive effect as the two prominent physical phenomena in the development of a low-permeable reservoir are both considered here for building a new coupled moving boundary model of radial flow in porous medium. Moreover, the wellbore storage and skin effect are both incorporated into the inner boundary conditions in the model. It is known that the new coupled moving boundary model has strong nonlinearity. A coordinate transformation based fully implicit finite difference method is adopted to obtain its numerical solutions. The involved coordinate transformation can equivalently transform the dynamic flow region for the moving boundary model into a fixed region as a unit circle, which is very convenient for the model computation by the finite difference method on fixed spatial grids. By comparing the numerical solution obtained from other different numerical method in the existing literature, its validity can be verified. Eventually, the effects of permeability modulus, threshold pressure gradient, wellbore storage coefficient, and skin factor on the transient wellbore pressure, the derivative, and the formation pressure distribution are analyzed respectively.     

切分药型罩对射流形成及其侵彻能力影响的数值模拟研究

本研究采用数值模拟的方法研究了按不同比例(1:1、2:1、3:1)切分药型罩在爆轰波的驱动下射流的形成过程、形状、头尾部速度、射流的拉伸长度和射流的断裂时间及其对钢靶板的侵彻能力;并与未切分的完整药型罩的射流形成过程及侵彻能力进行比较。最后采用经验计算公式根据射流的头尾部速度计算了射流的侵彻深度。结果表明药型罩经过切分后有利于减小射流的杵体和速度梯度,增加射流的拉伸长度,有利于增强射流的侵彻效果。在本研究范围内切分比例为1/1的药型罩形成的射流最佳。     

河北省承接国际产业转移路径研究——基于改进产业梯度系数的视角

以河北省为例,依据本土产业结构的现状与特点,运用产业梯度系数确定优势产业及需承接的重点产业,实现本地产业和转入产业的优势互补和产业升级,走资源节约型、环境友好型的新工业化道路。     

微通道中细胞平动对其周围化学微环境的影响

主要通过数值模拟研究运动细胞在直通道中对周围浓度梯度场的影响,及对流传质Peclet数、细胞运动速度、细胞运动方向以及细胞大小对细胞周围浓度场的影响.研究发现,细胞在匀速运动一定距离后其周围的最大浓度差的大小和方向与相同位置静止情形下的值的偏差是一个常数,且此常数与传质Peclet数、细胞运动速度及方向、细胞直径等相关.该结论对细胞趋化效应的进一步量化研究具有重要意义.     

融合C-V和GVF的测地线活动轮廓模型

对于有凹陷边界或弱边界的待分割目标,采用传统的测地线活动轮廓(GAC)模型无法进行准确的图像分割.为了解决这一问题,提出了一种融合C-V模型、GVF模型和GAC模型的图像分割算法.在该算法中,GAC模型的单位内法向量与GVF模型的梯度矢量流共同作用,促使轮廓曲线向目标的边界方向运动;而GAC模型单位内法向量与C-V模型的区域信息的力场共同作用,不仅促使轮廓曲线向目标的边界方向运动,而且使轮廓曲线稳定在目标的边界上.仿真实验证明了上述方法的有效性,同时还证明了该方法对轮廓曲线的初始位置具有较好的适应性.     

基于非单调线性搜索技术的修正HS共轭梯度法

基于拟牛顿法中MBFGS修正技术,对HS共轭梯度法中搜索方向的计算公式进行了修正,在较弱的条件下,结合非单调Armijo线性搜索技术,证明了所提出的修正HS共轭梯度法具有全局收敛性,最后通过数值实验验证了所提出的算法的有效性。