非正式教育中STEM教育的实践与思考——以美国Ecyber Mission科学竞赛为例

以美国军事教育拓展项目AEOP举办的Ecyber Mission科学竞赛为例,介绍其在非正式STEM教育方面的有益尝试。相较于正式STEM教育,Ecyber Mission科学竞赛更具开放性、综合性与实践性。通过对其参与人员、主题领域设置、组织实施形式和获奖案例进行分析,以期对我国STEM教育在非正式教育中的拓展有所启发。     

基于SRTM DEM数据的中国地形起伏度分析研究

地形起伏度是区域水土流失评价的最佳地形指标,地形起伏度的分析研究对于区域水土流失定量评价具有重要意义.首先利用邻域统计分析法,在不同大小邻域窗口下(2 ×2,3 ×3,4×4,…,25×25,30×30,35×35,40×40,45×45,50 ×50)对中国地形起伏度进行了提取;然后运用均值交点分析法完成了最佳统计单元的计算,结果11×11网格大小可作为曲线变化的拐点,即为曲线由陡变缓的阀值.从而得出基于90m×90m SRTM DEM数据的中国地形起伏度提取的最佳统计单元为11×11网格大小;接着完成了中国水土流失地形起伏度分级图的绘制;最后对地形起伏度特征作了初步分析.     

从西方文献看19世纪下半叶中国内地会在康区的活动及与康藏社会的互动

中国内地会（China Inland Mission）是19世纪下半叶进入康区的基督新教差会。因相关汉文记载和档案等文献匮乏,长期以来学界对内地会在康区活动的了解仅为梗概,有很多空白点。文章主要依据内地会在华传教史、相关传教士所撰论著和日记等英文资料,力图展现19世纪下半叶内地会在康区活动的具体情况及与康藏社会的互动,认为在康区官僧排斥西人进入康区的时代背景下,内地会传教士与康区社会之间仍有许多友好互动情形,这为深入认识近代外国人在康区的活动与中西文化交流、历史上康藏文化的兼容性等特点提供了新的视角和启示。     

A methodology for quantitatively assessing vehicular rutting on terrains

This paper presents a quantitative method for assessing the environmental impact of terrain/vehicle interactions during tactical missions. Area wide mobility analyses were conducted using three standard US military tracked and wheeled vehicles over terrain regions representing both fine-grained and course-grained soils. The NATO reference mobility model, Version 2, was used to perform the on- and off-road mobility analysis. Vehicle and terrain characterizations along with different climate scenarios were used as input parameters to predict vehicle rut depth performance for the different vehicles and terrain conditions. The vehicles’ performance was statistically mapped over these terrain regions for percent area traveled and the resulting rut depth created by each vehicle. A selection of tactical scenarios for each vehicle was used to determine rut depth for a range of vehicle missions. A vehicle mission severity rating method, developed at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, was used to rate the selected missions and resulting rut depths.     

明确方向积极探索——关于做好高职院校班主任工作的实践和思考

班主任工作是高校对学生进行教育和管理的重要工作,做好班主任工作要高度重视,明确方向,探究方法,还要提高班主任的素质。     

金陵版与美华版《重学》比较研究

1859年墨海书馆刊刻《重学》毁于兵燹,现已难得一见.金陵书局和美华书馆分别于1866年和1867年重刊《重学》,以后其他书局亦多次重刊该书.在《重学》的英文底本、金陵本、美华本对比的基础上,发现金陵本与美华本在插图、数学表达、表述方式上有较大差别,推测美华本最接近墨海书馆本,并对《重学》文本流传做了补充.     

面向区域目标的测绘卫星任务调度方法

测绘卫星以区域目标为主要观测对象,观测精度高、存储数据量大,任务之间存在资源使用冲突,需要合理调度才能充分发挥卫星的能力。在进行合理假设的基础上,提出了一套有效的测绘卫星任务调度方法。首先对区域目标进行预处理,分解为卫星可以单次过境覆盖的条带。然后综合考虑数据采集、存储、回传等因素,建立了测绘卫星任务调度问题的混合整数规划模型。最后采用ILOG CPlex来实现模型求解,生成任务调度方案。资源三号测绘卫星任务调度的应用实例表明,提出的测绘卫星任务调度方法是可行的,对我国的测绘卫星任务管控具有很强的实用价值。     

基于UML的任务规划系统建模与设计

任务规划系统是提供辅助决策的一种科学而有效的手段。由于系统包含要素的开放性和复杂性特点,需要采用面向对象的分析与设计方法进行建模。UML建模技术提供了一种比较好的解决方法。通过UML建模,能够清晰描述系统的需求、功能、要素、组成、内部关系等,致使仿真软件的扩充性与重用性好,且开发效率高。本文描述了任务规划系统的用例视图、类视图和动态建模,并讨论了作战任务的描述方法和想定建模。     

大学的定位、角色与使命——以北京联合大学为例

以北京联合大学为例,通过对学校“十二五”规划及学校定位的分析,引伸至对大学发展及使命的思考.“事情”融入精神、理想、方向,才能是事业,教育通过以学生为中心,以教师为主体,把许许多多的事情转化成为辉煌的、具有历史意义的、造就未来的事业.大学任命的是职务、胜任的是岗位、完成的是使命,要把岗位使命装在心里,心胸要豁达、要大度、要宽容.地位由完成使命的程度而获得,核心是精神,重点是观念,完成使命、不辱使命,实现学校发展的定位.     

Mobility analysis of off-road vehicles: Benefits for development, procurement and operation

Nowadays the requirements on off-road vehicles are rising steadily. The ideal vehicle has to provide excellent off-road capability with low fuel consumption, offer a high customizability for each specific mission and, last but not least, it has to be easy to operate. To meet these demands, on the development side a lot of parameter studies have to be carried out. The customer has to compare offers from a multiplicity of suppliers to decide which vehicle fulfills the designated mission task best. And finally, the operator needs the best training on the vehicle to cope with all possible situations in off-road mobility. In response to these needs, the presented simulation program WinMaku was developed to offer a tool to facilitate development, procurement and operator training. Exemplary simulation results show, on the one hand, the influence of specific design parameters, e.g. tire size, engine power, torque characteristics, gear shifting, and engine working conditions, and on the other hand the (beneficial or adverse) effects of operational parameters like driving with maximum/partial engine load, gear selection, engine speed, tire inflation pressure or track tension, on mobility performance. Furthermore results of vehicle comparison analysis are presented. These types of analysis show comparisons of mobility performance of different vehicle types or vehicle concepts (e.g. wheel vs. track) in fulfilling a certain mission profile, characterized by passing a sequence of different soils with various inclines. Endowed with such capability, the presented simulation tool serves as a training tool for operators, provides a cost effective method to assess possible development steps, allows customers to run a pre-selection process prior to expensive and time-consuming field tests, and finally supports mission planning by providing data like expected fuel consumption or time needed to pass a certain mission profile.