中红外及近红外光谱在小杂粮品质检测中的应用进展

中红外光谱以及近红外光谱在现代分析化学中有重要的地位,是人类认识物质结构、功能、成分以及含量的重要途径。小杂粮泛指生育期短、种植面积少、种植地区和种植方法特殊,有特种用途的多种粮豆,其特点是小、少、特、杂。小杂粮营养丰富,既是传统口粮,又是保健食品资源。随着人民生活水平的提高和膳食结构的改善,小杂粮作为药食同源的新型食品资源,在现代绿色保健食品中占有重要地位。对小杂粮进行品质检测可为小杂粮生物活性物质研究、品质分级、小杂粮育种、产地溯源与真伪鉴别等方面提供可靠的数据支撑。按照麦类小杂粮及豆类小杂粮分类,对国内近30年来小杂粮品质检测有关文献加以综述。研究表明,麦类小杂粮品质检测文献更多,约占文献数量的2/3左右,且以近红外光谱技术应用居多;豆类小杂粮品质检测文献相对较少,约占文献数量的1/3左右,且以中红外光谱技术应用居多。中红外光谱、近红外光谱在小杂粮品质检测分析方面有诸多重要应用。其中,中红外光谱更多应用于小杂粮中活性物质以及小杂粮加工过程的表征,而近红外光谱则更多应用于小杂粮中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分等主要品质指标的定量分析检测,可为小杂粮品质监测、科学育种提供高效的数据来源。近年来,随着化学计量学的发展和计算机技术的进步,近红外光谱不再局限于小杂粮品质指标定量分析,而且还被应用于小杂粮产地溯源等领域,亦取得了良好的效果。最后对中红外光谱、近红外光谱在小杂粮品质无损分析检测方面做出了展望。     

Modelling magnetic properties of high silicon steel

The paper is aimed at modelling dynamic hysteresis loops of high silicon steel. Hysteresis loops are described with the modified Jiles-Atherton approach. The dynamic effects due to eddy currents are taken into account by the introduction of components of effective field related to loss components in Bertotti's model. A satisfactory agreement between the measured and the modelled dynamic hysteresis loops as well as derived quantities is obtained for those values of peak flux density and frequency, which are of interest from industrial point of view.     

隰县凤凰山上的悬塑绝唱

山西隰县小西天大雄宝殿彩塑是明末清初的反映佛教历史和极乐世界的大型塑像遗存。文章从题材和主题上分析了其佛教思想研究价值和观赏价值,重点从技术层面挖掘分析了其科学价值和制作工艺方面的价值。     

不中断交通下连续箱梁桥拼接缝浇筑方式分析

为了探究不中断交通条件下连续箱梁桥拼宽关键技术,本文依托机荷高速改扩建工程,通过现场桥梁的车桥耦合振动测试,得到某连续箱梁桥的最大振动频率为5.62 Hz,最大振动速度为18 mm?s-1。考虑现场车流量的随机性,以安全的原则共设置两种车辆振动环境（5 Hz,25 mm?s-1和10 Hz,50 mm?s-1）,并在实验室中测定了不同龄期抗扰动纤维增强混凝土（Fiber Reinforced Cementitious-composite material 50,FRCM50）的弹性模量和抗拉强度。结合现有的施工工艺和新型接缝材料的特点,提出微差浇筑施工工艺。然后,分别分析了采用一次浇筑、分段浇筑和微差浇筑施工工艺时拼宽连续箱梁的受力特点、接缝时变应力、交通组织模式以及经济性,结果表明微差浇筑工艺具有受力合理、施工机械少、经济性好等优点,可指导实际工程施工,具有良好的应用性。     

平面可弦图的子式障碍

证明了平面可弦图的子式障碍恰由Ｋ５，Ｋ３，３，Ｋ２，２，２和Ｋ２×Ｃ５这四个图构成     

The G-biliaison class of symmetric determinantal schemes

We consider a family of schemes, that are defined by minors of a homogeneous symmetric matrix with polynomial entries. We assume that they have maximal possible codimension, given the size of the matrix and of the minors that define them. We show that these schemes are G-bilinked to a linear variety of the same dimension. In particular, they can be obtained from a linear variety by a finite sequence of ascending G-biliaisons on some determinantal schemes. We describe the biliaisons explicitly in the proof of Theorem 2.3. In particular, it follows that these schemes are glicci.     

“二雅”及清华简《耆夜》所见宴飨诗酒意象研究

酒在《诗经》"二雅"及清华简《耆夜》的宴飨诗中扮演着重要角色,它作为一种媒介,沟通神人、君臣、宾主,是贯串宴飨礼的纽带。酒是宴飨礼的中介物,也是宴飨诗的关键意象,它是为礼乐文明服务的。酒是宗族血缘网络的纽带,也是祭祀祖先神灵的媒介。周人重德,在对酒的态度上重视酒德。周人饮酒是为礼乐文明服务的,德是礼的内化,酒德是周人对酒的态度的表现。周人不杜绝饮酒,但反对纵酒失德。从某种程度上说,宴飨诗是周人礼乐制度嬗变的镜子。《耆夜》展现了宴飨礼典尤其是赋诗的具体过程,反映了周公的"无逸"思想,弥足珍贵。     

Gastradefurphenol,a minor 9,9'-neolignan with a new carbon skeleton substituted by two p-hydroxybenzyls from an aqueous extract of “tian ma”

Gastradefurphenol (1), a minor 9,9'-neolignan with a novel carbon skeleton substituted by two p-hydroxybenzyls was isolated from an aqueous extract of the Gastrodia elata rhizomes (tian ma). Its structure was determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Solvent-dependent free rotational restriction of bonds and equilibrium of two molecular states are discussed by comparison of the NMR spectroscopic data of 1 in acetone-d₆ with those in CD₃OD. A biogenetic pathway of 1 is postulated to be associated with metabolic processes of L-tyrosine.     

Conjugates between minor groove binders and Zn(II)-tach complexes: Synthesis,characterization, and interaction with plasmid DNA

A new family of conjugates between a Zn(II)-tach complex and (indole)₂ or benzofuran-indole amide minor groove binders connected through alkyl or oxyethyl linkers of different lengths has been prepared. The conjugates bind strongly to DNA. However, the complexation to DNA to promote the Zn(II) catalyzed hydrolytic cleavage of the DNA results instead in its inhibition. This inhibition effect has been confirmed also using Cu(II). Modeling studies suggest that in the most stable complex conformation, the minor groove binder and the linker lie in the minor groove hampering the interaction between the metal complex and the phosphate backbone of DNA. Therefore, the linear arrangement of minor groove binder-linker-metal complex appears to be effective to ensure tight binding but unproductive from a hydrolytic point of view.