铜绿微囊藻叶绿素荧光对HgCl2毒性响应特性的研究

利用叶绿素荧光技术,以铜绿微囊藻在435nm/680nm处的荧光强度为测试指标,进行了铜绿微囊藻叶绿素荧光对Hg2+毒性的最佳响应时间,以及不同Hg2+浓度在短时间内对铜绿微囊藻叶绿素荧光强度的影响研究。研究结果表明,铜绿微囊藻对HgCl2的最佳响应时间为25min。当Hg2+质量浓度为0.000 5mg/L时,铜绿微囊藻的相对荧光强度(样品荧光强度-空白荧光强度)为负值,即其叶绿素荧光强度小于对照组的叶绿素荧光强度;当Hg2+质量浓度为0.001⁰.500mg/L时,铜绿微囊藻的相对荧光强度为正值,并且在0.0010.500mg/L时,铜绿微囊藻的相对荧光强度为正值,并且在0.001⁰.400mg/L浓度范围内,相对荧光强度随汞浓度的增大而增大,其呈正相关关系,r=0.983 3。     

改性淀粉絮凝去除铜绿微囊藻及其机理初探

选取水体富营养化中最为常见、难去除、危害大的铜绿微囊藻为除藻处理对象,研究了以天然高分子淀粉通过丙烯酰胺与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵接枝共聚改性,制备除藻絮凝剂,研究其对铜绿微囊藻除藻效果.实验结果表明,淀粉接枝共聚物对含藻水体有较好的治理效果,并初步分析了淀粉接枝共聚物对藻细胞的絮凝机理.     

F3重组毒素的克隆表达及纯化

以pEKH-F3质粒为模板,PCR扩增F3片段,将F3插入克隆质粒PQE80L,转化大肠杆菌,筛选,获得含有F3的PQE80L重组载体的克隆.提取绿脓杆菌菌株染色体DNA为模板,PCR扩增绿脓杆菌外毒素A催化区,PE40.然后将PQE80-F3和PE40重组,得到表达PQE80L-F3-PE40载体.转化至大肠杆菌DH5a,BL21,表达融合蛋白F3-PE40.结果显示,大肠杆菌表达了融合蛋白F3-PE40,表达的融合蛋白量大概占菌体总体蛋白量的20%.通过质粒提取、PCR扩增构建F3-PE40表达载体转化大肠杆菌,成功地表达了融合蛋白F3-PE40,为大规模表达、纯化F3-PE40的进一步功能奠定了基础.     

New analogs of temporin-LK1 as inhibitors of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens

The peptide temporin-LK1 (1) was obtained from the skin secretion of frog Limnonectes kuhlii (Ranidae). It is a unique antimicrobial peptide with 17 residues, including four L-phenylalanines and single glycine. Mass spectrometry and Edmand degradation were used for the determination of sequence of amino acids in temporin-LK 1 (1), and confirmed by cDNA cloning. We report here the synthesis and structural studies of temporin-LK1 (1) and its analogs 2–4. Peptides 2–4 were prepared by substitution of achiral glycine residue of temporin-LK1 (1) with D-alanine, L-phenylglycine, and L-naphthylalanine, respectively. Peptides 1–4 were evaluated against multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Analog 2 was found active against all MDR strains of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa at a much lower dose than the clinically used antibiotics.     

2株溶藻菌培养条件优化及溶藻特性研究

对分离自山东黄岛和江苏太湖两处富营养化池塘中的2株溶藻细菌的培养条件进行了优化,探究了2菌株对铜绿微囊藻生长的抑制作用.实验结果显示,2菌株可通过凝聚藻体细胞、裂解微藻细胞体以及胞外分泌活性物质产生生物降解作用,对铜绿微囊藻产生杀灭效果,且分泌的胞外活性物质对铜绿微囊藻的杀灭作用具有特异性.     

Surface free energy effect on bacterial retention

Bacterial infection is one of the most frequent and severe complications in the long-term effectiveness of medical implants and devices, greatly increasing treatment cost and inconvenience to the patient. Surface physical and chemical properties are known to influence the extent and form of bacterial infection, although the exact correlation with specific properties is difficult due to the complexity of the system. One approach in the attempt to reduce the bacterial colonisation is to modify the surface energy and chemistry, so as to influence the interactions between the surface and the bacteria that come into contact with it. Five types of coatings were investigated in this study, together with silicone, and polished and non-polished stainless steel 316L. Surfaces were tested for retention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AK1 after 1 h. A good correlation (>90%) was found between P. aeruginosa AK1 retention and total surface free energy, as well as its polar and dispersive components. The minimum level of P. aeruginosa AK1 retention was found for a range of total surface free energy in the range 20–27 mN/m.     

Influence of sialic acid and bacterial sialidase on differential adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to epithelial cells

Epithelial cell lines from several tissues show a differential sensitivity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence. A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver) and Caco-2 (colon) cells presented an adhesion index of about 3, 1.5 and 5 CFU/cell, respectively, whereas Mz-Ch cell lines (gallbladder cholangiocytes) presented adhesion indexes up to 35. These variations could be associated with the variable amount of sialic acid in cell surface glycoconjugates. Moreover, the presence of free sialic acid in culture media induces the secretion by P. aeruginosa of a sialidase which is able to hydrolyze glycoconjugate-linked sialic acid. As shown with A549 cells, this specific hydrolysis increases bacterial adhesion, probably by unmasking new binding sites onto the cell surface.     

Effects of electrolysis on Microcystis aeruginosa in water

Microcystis aeruginosa (blue-green algae) is of concern in relation to drinking water because of its ability to produce toxins and odors that can significantly impair water quality. The drinking water contaminated with toxic cyanobacteria could cause the death of the domestic and wild animals and the cases of human illness. To minimize the threat, the treatment of eutrophicated water containing algae (M.aeroginosa) was conducted via electrochemical oxidation process, with titanium based anode coated with RuO₂ in this study. The research showed that the electrochemical oxidation process was effective in inhibiting the growth of the algae such as M.aeruginosa. The electrolysis parameters such as: electrolysis time, current density, and electrodes distance were analyzed by the orthogonal collocation method. The results showed the electrolysis time was the dominant factor for the inhibition of the algal growth. The optimal operating conditions were: current density of 10 mA/cm² and the electrodes distance of 6 cm. The inhibitive efficiency was 92.64% with the electrolysis time of 40 minutes. The preliminary mechanism of this process was also explored and proposed in this paper.     

铜绿假单胞菌耐药机理

铜绿假单胞菌是耐药性十分突出的一类院内感染条件致病革兰氏阴性细菌．本文从生物被膜、细胞密度依赖式毒力因子、外排系统、基因盒一整合子系统及铜绿假单胞菌噬菌体几方面对其耐药性机理进行了概述，并提出了未来对微生物耐药性研究和应用的一些策略。