基于CUDA和深度置信网络的手写字符识别

为了应对海量的字符(手写)识别,提出了一种将统一计算设备架构(Compute Unified Device Architecture,CUDA)和深度置信网络相结合的方法进行手写字符识别。该方法结合受限玻尔兹曼机和反向传播神经网络形成深度置信网络对字符图片数据进行识别,并且使用CUDA在图形处理器(GPU)上进行并行计算来完成识别过程。实验结果表明,使用该方法后,在不降低识别精度的情况下手写字符识别的速度大幅提升。     

宁波天后宫雕刻特色研究

概述宁波天后宫雕刻的分布现状及其雕刻＂三绝＂,重点从雕刻图案形式、深层意蕴、雕刻手法等层面阐析天后宫雕刻特色,并初步探讨了这些雕刻与宁波＂海上丝绸之路＂、妈祖信仰、商帮文化等民俗事象之间的深层关系。     

稀疏自动编码器在文本分类中的应用研究

传统的文本分类算法都是采用期望交叉熵、信息增益和互信息等统计方法,通过设置阈值获取特征集,如果训练集的数据量较大,则容易出现特征项不明确,特征信息丢失等缺陷,为解决上述问题,提出运用“深度学习”中的稀疏自动编码器算法自动提取文本特征,然后结合深度置信网络形成SD算法进行文本分类。实验表明,在训练集较少的情况下,SD算法的分类性能低于传统的支持向量机,但是在处理高维数据时,SD算法则比支持向量机具有较高的准确率和召回率。     

Evaluating risk of water mains failure using a Bayesian belief network model

It has been reported that since year 2000, there have been an average 700 water main breaks per day only in Canada and the USA costing more than CAD 10 billions/year. Moreover, water main leaks affect other neighboring infrastructure that may lead to catastrophic failures. For this, municipality authorities or stakeholders are more concerned about preventive actions rather reacting to failure events. This paper presents a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) model to evaluate the risk of failure of metallic water mains using structural integrity, hydraulic capacity, water quality, and consequence factors. BBN is a probabilistic graphical model that represents a set of variables and their probabilistic relationships, which also captures historical information about these dependencies. The proposed model is capable of ranking water mains within distribution network that can identify vulnerable and sensitive pipes to justify proper decision action for maintenance/rehabilitation/replacement (M/R/R). To demonstrate the application of proposed model, water distribution network of City of Kelowna has been studied. Result indicates that almost 9% of the total 259 metallic pipes are at high risk in both summer and winter.     

A framework for managing uncertain inputs: An axiomization of rewarding

The success postulate in belief revision ensures that new evidence (input) is always trusted. However, admitting uncertain input has been questioned by many researchers. Darwiche and Pearl argued that strengths of evidence should be introduced to determine the outcome of belief change, and provided a preliminary definition towards this thought. In this paper, we start with Darwiche and Pearl’s idea aiming to develop a framework that can capture the influence of the strengths of inputs with some rational assumptions. To achieve this, we first define epistemic states to represent beliefs attached with strength, and then present a set of postulates to describe the change process on epistemic states that is determined by the strengths of input and establish representation theorems to characterize these postulates. As a result, we obtain a unique rewarding operator which is proved to be a merging operator that is in line with many other works. We also investigate existing postulates on belief merging and compare them with our postulates. In addition, we show that from an epistemic state, a corresponding ordinal conditional function by Spohn can be derived and the result of combining two epistemic states is thus reduced to the result of combining two corresponding ordinal conditional functions proposed by Laverny and Lang. Furthermore, when reduced to the belief revision situation, we prove that our results induce all the Darwiche and Pearl’s postulates as well as the Recalcitrance postulate and the Independence postulate.     

Belief rule-based system for portfolio optimisation with nonlinear cash-flows and constraints

A belief rule-based (BRB) system is a generic nonlinear modelling and inference scheme. It is based on the concept of belief structures and evidential reasoning (ER), and has been shown to be capable of capturing complicated nonlinear causal relationships between antecedent attributes and consequents. The aim of this paper is to develop a BRB system that complements the RiskMetrics WealthBench system for portfolio optimisation with nonlinear cash-flows and constraints. Two optimisation methods are presented to locate efficient portfolios under different constraints specified by the investors. Numerical studies demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed methodology.     

Uncertainty about fundamentals and herding behavior in the FOREX market

It is traditionally assumed in finance models that the fundamental value of assets is known with certainty. Although this is an appealing simplifying assumption it is by no means based on empirical evidence. A simple heterogeneous agent model of the exchange rate is presented. In the model, traders do not observe the true underlying fundamental exchange rate and as a consequence they base their trades on beliefs about this variable. Despite the fact that only fundamentalist traders operate in the market, the model belongs to the heterogeneous agent literature, as traders have different beliefs about the fundamental rate.     

封片卡上的人类非物质文化遗产——妈祖信俗

阐述人类非物质文化遗产妈祖信俗“封片卡”的类别和特征。信封着重介绍妈祖信俗邮资信封、首日封、纪念封和签名封;明信片着重介绍妈祖信俗邮资明信片、极限明信片和邮制明信片;卡着重介绍妈祖贺年邮资信卡。通过对妈祖信俗“封片卡”3个特征的分析,揭示利用“封片卡”更好彰显妈祖的功德和大爱。更好地促进集邮文化和妈祖文化的良性结合。