On finiteness and continuity of shot noise processes

For a rather general class of stochastic processes induced by time-stationary and by event-stationary random marked point processes, respectively, conditions are given for the almost sure finiteness of these processes and for their continuous dependence on the underlying random marked point process.     

半刚性基层沥青路面非连续结构强迫振动声效

为了无损、快速地识别半刚性基层沥青路面的结构非连续状态,实现病害预警和预养护,对冲击作用下路面板体强迫振动机理及其振动噪声特征进行了分析,并对单自由度路面系统的强迫振动微分方程进行求解.研究表明:因土基沉降、低温施工、压实不足等原因,沥青路面将产生结构内部及层间非连续病害；而非连续状态下的板体强迫振动噪声特征对冲击加载...     

Influence of the automotive Start/Stop system on noise emission: Experimental study

One of the most common environmental impacts of road transportation is the traffic noise. Linked to this, Start/Stop is a technology which has demonstrated to save fuel by powering off the engine when the vehicle is stopped, such as in front of a traffic light, and restarting the engine instantly when the driver pushes back the pedal brake to proceed. The technology helps also to reduce the CO₂ emission, playing a key role in a way to accomplish stringent emission norms for vehicle manufacturer. However, we are not sure whether it reduces the noise emission and how much? Thus, the main aim of this work is to assess the engine noise emissions of a vehicle incorporating a Start/Stop system in urban traffic, and compare it with those radiated by the mean traffic stream. Experimental results demonstrate that there are no contributions of the Start/Stop system to reduce meaningfully the engine noise in urban traffic.     

基于主动式时间反转镜的声呐目标强度测量研究

为提高目标强度测量过程中的抗噪声、混响以及浅海多途干扰性能,从军标文件中的目标强度测量方法以及主动式时间反转镜的基本原理出发,经过研究和推演,发现可将基于单阵元的主动式时间反转镜与相关器结合应用于目标强度测量过程,提出了一种新的目标强度测量方法。该方法利用了主动式时间反转镜的抗多途特性,使得测量具有抗多途的性能;利用噪声与信号的不相关特性,算法结合相关器起到了很好的抗随机噪声效果;混响中的体积混响是随机的,算法具有抗体积混响的性能。论文分别从理论仿真和水池实验验证了算法的有效性和正确性。     

红外成像系统NETD参数测试算法及应用研究

噪声等效温差(NETD)是表征红外成像系统灵敏度的关键参数,也是评估红外成像系统性能的重要参数之一,应用广泛。通过对红外成像系统3D噪声、信号传递函数(SiTF)、NETD等参数测试方法、算法和流程研究,给出一种基于视频文件的3D噪声离线对比测试方法和一种SiTF线性区自动判断计算斜率算法,在此基础上针对某型技术保障装备国产化光电检测平台开发了配套应用软件功能模块。实现了通过计算单位均方根噪声所对应的SiTF斜率值,分析得出系统NETD参数值的功能。以某型热像仪为被测对象,开展了测试结果重复性和一致性试验,并与美国Optikos公司I-SITE红外整机测试系统进行了对比测试。实验结果表明开发的NETD参数测试功能模块测试精度和重复性满足设计要求,具有较高实用价值,已进行了工程应用。     

Approximation properties for solutions to non‐Lipschitz stochastic differential equations with Lévy noise

In this paper, we consider the non‐Lipschitz stochastic differential equations and stochastic functional differential equations with delays driven by Lévy noise, and the approximation theorems for the solutions to these two kinds of equations will be proposed respectively. Non‐Lipschitz condition is much weaker condition than the Lipschitz one. The simplified equations will be defined to make its solutions converge to that of the corresponding original equations both in the sense of mean square and probability, which constitute the approximation theorems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高压交直流同塔输电线路无线电干扰与可听噪声的计算

为了寻求一种适合交直流同塔架设线路的无线电干扰与可听噪声计算方法,从理论上分析了混合线路表面场强的特点,利用线性叠加原理求出混合线路表面场强,并结合晴天和雨天对交流和直流线路电晕程度的不同影响,提出在同一种天气状况下计算交直流线路无线电干扰与可听噪声。用3种计算无线电干扰与可听噪声的方法,分晴天和雨天情况进行计算比较,结果表明3种方法中 BPA 修正公式计算值最大,该方法可视为目前计算交直流同塔线路无线电干扰与可听噪声的有效方法。     

EHGFs方向可控滤波压制地震勘探随机噪声

为有效提取地震信号同相轴信息, 解决以哈密特-高斯函数(HGFs: Hemite-Gauss Functions)为核函数的方向可控滤波器因无方向性而导致同相轴被降频的问题, 引入以拉伸哈密特-高斯函数(EHGFs: Elongated Hemite-Gauss Functions)为核的方向可控滤波去噪方法。该方法考虑有效信号与随机噪声在方向性上的差异,
通过近似拟合方法构造EHGFs 方向可控滤波器, 借助EHGFs 具有明确的方向性, 滤波时沿着轴向进行滤波,提高线性度, 减少平滑作用, 取得方向滤波数据后再根据数据局部数字特征进行数据重组, 达到去噪效果。实验结果表明, 该方法具有明显压制随机噪声、恢复有效信号的效果。     

陆地地震勘探环境噪声的混沌性建模研究

为提取地震资料中的有效信息, 了解环境噪声的性质和产生机制, 提出了一种陆地地震勘探环境噪声的混沌建模方法。该类环境噪声具有混沌性出发, 采用经典混沌杜芬(Duffing)系统对中国林带测区的环境噪声进行建模。根据Duffing 系统的非线性特征, 采用MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo)算法对系统参数进行求解,并对模拟噪声记录与实际环境噪声从时域波形, 相态图, 频谱图以及李雅谱诺夫(Lyapunov)指数等方面进行对比分析。结果表明, 模拟噪声记录可保持实际环境噪声的混沌性, 且在时域波形, 相态图和频谱图上拟合较好。利用此模型获得的替代数据更加接近实际噪声, 从而为压制环境噪声提供新对策, 为复杂环境下的地震勘探提供理论支持。     

Corrosion prevention of mild steel in acidic medium by 2-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid: Theoretical and experimental approach

The inhibition efficiency of 2-Pyrrolidin-1-yl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid (PTCA) against mild steel (MS) corrosion was investigated in acidic solution by using quantum chemical calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) method and electrochemical measurements. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic, potential zero charge (pzc) analysis and electrochemical noise (EN) measurements at various concentrations (from 0.1 to 10 mM) and immersion times were utilized in experimental part. The surface analysis was achieved scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact angle measurements in the absence and presence of 10 mM PTCA. According to DFT results, PTCA exhibited 3.737 eV band gap and 8.130 Debye dipole moment which were a signal of potentially convenient corrosion inhibitor properties. PTCA has a remarkable corrosion inhibition capability to mild steel, which inhibited both anodic and cathodic corrosion rates, relying on it's physically adsorption on the metal solution interface and protection ability was increased with increasing PTCA concentration. The obtained adsorption equilibrium constant was 11.11 × 10³ M^-1 and calculated standard free energy of adsorption was ?33.03 kJ mol^?1. The determined activation energy values were 55.58 kJ mol^?1 and 96.86 kJ mol^?1 in 0.5 M HCl in the absence and presence of 10 mM PTCA, respectively. PTCA demonstrated a strong inhibition efficiency of 98.3%, after 168 h immersion, according to the EIS results. As a consequently, we recommend that PTCA is a convenient inhibitor in 0.1 M HCl for mild steel protection against corrosion.