四辊可逆轧机工作辊稳定性分析及实现

分析了影响四辊可逆轧机工作辊稳定性的几种因素，认为轧机传动系统和弯率毛／平衡系统对工作辊稳定性的影响是很重要的。并提出了计算工作辊偏移量的计算方法及其实现方法。     

磨矿机装载量直接测定方法

针对现有电耳侦听、轴承油压、振动间隙、负载功率、气压差等磨矿机装载量测量法不能真正解决磨矿机胀肚问题,创新地运用激光测距仪,在排浆口激光沿筒体轴线立面射向机内料面测距,根据机内矿料三维运动形态,设计获取静动态装载量与料高间稳定对应关系的测量方法,并设置过滤原则排除料雨干扰,实现磨矿机内料直接测量,为磨矿作业的节能降耗打下了基础。     

BeckHoff控制器在堆垛控制系统中的应用

详细介绍了太钢2250热连轧厂堆垛控制系统的组成及功能,阐述了控制器BeckHoff的特点及其在2250热连轧厂堆垛控制系统中的应用。     

Growth Restriction of Rhizoctonia solani via Breakage of Intracellular Organelles Using Crude Extracts of Gallnut and Clove

Plant diseases reduce crop yield and quality, hampering the development of agriculture. Fungicides, which restrict chemical synthesis in fungi, are the strongest controls for plant diseases. However, the harmful effects on the environment due to continued and uncontrolled utilization of fungicides have become a major challenge in recent years. Plant-sourced fungicides are a class of plant antibacterial substances or compounds that induce plant defenses. They can kill or inhibit the growth of target pathogens efficiently with no or low toxicity, they degrade readily, and do not prompt development of resistance, which has led to their widespread use. In this study, the growth inhibition effect of 24 plant-sourced ethanol extracts on rice sprigs was studied. Ethanol extract of gallnuts and cloves inhibited the growth of bacteria by up to 100%. Indoor toxicity measurement results showed that the gallnut and glove constituents inhibition reached 39.23 μg/mL and 18.82 μg/mL, respectively. Extract treated rice sprigs were dry and wrinkled. Gallnut caused intracellular swelling and breakage of mitochondria, disintegration of nuclei, aggregation of protoplasts, and complete degradation of organelles in hyphae and aggregation of cellular contents. Protection of Rhizoctonia solani viability reached 46.8% for gallnut and 37.88% for clove in water emulsions of 1000 μg/mL gallnut and clove in the presence of 0.1% Tween 80. The protection by gallnut was significantly stronger than that of clove. The data could inform the choice of plant-sourced fungicides for the comprehensive treatment of rice sprig disease. The studied extract effectively protected rice sprigs and could be a suitable alternative to commercially available chemical fungicides. Further optimized field trials are needed to effectively sterilize rice paddies.     

From the water wheel to turbines and hydroelectricity. Technological evolution and revolutions

Since its appearance in the first century BC, the water wheel has developed with increasing pre-industrial activities, and has been at the origin of the industrial revolution for metallurgy, textile mills, and paper mills. Since the nineteenth century, the water wheel has become highly efficient. The reaction turbine appeared by 1825, and continued to undergo technological development. The impulsion turbine appeared for high chutes, by 1880. Other turbines for low-head chutes were further designed. Turbine development was associated, after 1890, with the use of hydropower to generate electricity, both for industrial activities, and for the benefits of cities. A model “one city + one plant” was followed in the twentieth century by more complex and efficient schemes when electrical interconnection developed, together with pumped plants for energy storage.     

Two Novel Quassinoid Glycosides with Antiviral Activity from the Samara of Ailanthus altissima

Phytochemistry investigations on Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, a Simaroubaceae plant that is recognized as a traditional herbal medicine, have afforded various natural products, among which C₂₀ quassinoid is the most attractive for their significant and diverse pharmacological and biological activities. Our continuous study has led to the isolation of two novel quassinoid glycosides, named chuglycosides J and K, together with fourteen known lignans from the samara of A. altissima. The new structures were elucidated based on comprehensive spectra data analysis. All of the compounds were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus activity, among which chuglycosides J and K exhibited inhibitory effects against the virus multiplication with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 56.21 ± 1.86 and 137.74 ± 3.57 μM, respectively.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定番茄中的番茄皂苷A

建立了测定番茄原料中的番茄皂苷A含量的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)。将实验条件优化后,运用该方法分离番茄皂苷A。结果表明,该方法在番茄皂苷A的质量为0.61～3.05 mg范围内具有良好的线性相关性(r=0.9995),平均回收率为97.9%～104.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)≤4.14%(n=5)。该方法快速、准确,样品处理简单,可用于番茄原料及其提取物中番茄皂苷A的含量测定与质量控制。     

冬枣中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的高效液相色谱分析

为建立冬枣中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的高效液相色谱分析方法,以C18柱为分离柱进行色谱分析.色谱条件为:流动相V(乙腈)∶V(水)=80∶20,流速1.4mL/min,柱温35℃.样品加标回收率为96%～102%,相对标准偏差小于2.7%.本方法具有回收率高、灵敏度高、精密度高等优点,适用于冬枣中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖的检测。     

X射线辐照对发根农杆菌介导芸芥遗传转化的影响

探讨了X射线辐照对芸芥发状根诱导的影响, 为研究辐射对转基因技术的协同作用提供一定的实验依据。 以芸芥无菌苗的子叶为材料, 通过5—20 Gy的X射线辐照和不等浸染时间的联合处理, 研究苗龄、 预培养时间、 辐照剂量及其浸染时间等因素对芸芥发状根诱导的影响作用, 并通过聚合链酶式反应（PCR）对所得发状根进行了分子水平的鉴定。 15 Gy X射线辐射能提高芸芥发状根的诱导频率, 且有量效关系, 其中先浸染后辐照比先辐照后浸染效果更显著; PCR结果也表明, 发根农杆菌R1000的 rolB基因已成功地被转入并整合到该发状根的基因组中。 X射线辐照对芸芥发状根的诱导具有一定的促进作用, 且最佳推荐诱导剂量为15 Gy或稍多。     

杏,苹果花内蜜腺几种糖和酶的研究

通过对不同花期杏、苹果花内蜜腺的糖含量和酶活性的研究,结果表明两种蜜腺可溶性糖的主要成分是葡萄糖,其外输出量均在盛花期达到最大;不同花期两种蜜腺蔗糖酶、α,β-淀粉酶和过氧化物同功酶活性的变化具有一定规律性,并讨论了两种蜜腺糖含量和酶活性的相对差异及其相关性。