Base-mediated reaction of vinyl bromides with aryl azides: one-pot synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles

A one-pot base-mediated reaction of azides and β- or α-vinyl bromides has been reported. The effects of bases and solvents have been investigated in the process. A variety of 1,5-disubstituted triazoles were prepared in low to good yields. Further studies reveal that the corresponding alkynes were produced as intermediates via elimination reaction. Under the same reaction conditions, the reactions of alkyl alkynes with phenyl azide would give 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles.     

UPLC-MS/MS for simultaneous quantification of vortioxetine and its metabolite Lu AA34443 in rat plasma and its application to drug interactions

Vortioxetine is currently used as the first-line therapy drug for major depressive disorder (MDD). In the present study, we aimed to develop and fully validate an ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of vortioxetine and its major metabolite Lu AA34443 in plasma and to investigate the effects of dronedarone and amiodarone on vortioxetine metabolism in rats. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the separation of vortioxetine, Lu AA34443 and duloxetine (internal standard, IS) were finished on an Acquity BEH C18 (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) column and their detections were conducted by a Xevo TQ-S triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer in the positive ion mode. The assay displayed excellent linearity in the range of 0.5–50 ng/mL for vortioxetine, and 5–1000 ng/mL for Lu AA34443. The results of this method exhibited that the precision, accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, and stability of vortioxetine and Lu AA34443 met all requirements for the quantitation in plasma samples. The validated assay was further successfully employed to study the effects of dronedarone (80 mg/kg) and amiodarone (60 mg/kg) on vortioxetine metabolism in rats. The results showed that dronedarone and amiodarone could increase the concentration of vortioxetine and have inhibitory effect on vortioxetine metabolism. Thus, vortioxetine dose interruption or reduction may be considered.     

革命、寓言与历史意识——论作为现代文学“起源”的《狂人日记》

鲁迅的写作与中国革命之间的关系是一个经典话题,然而,已有阐释多以外在历史结论穿透鲁迅的文本却较为忽略其形式的意味。鲁迅的第一篇白话小说《狂人日记》就包含着重要的形式线索,远非从象征出发的阐释模式可以把握。作为文学的狂人日记建构出全新的吃人,动摇了旧有整全的意义世界,同时也付出了沉陷于寓言状态的代价。鲁迅以其写作承认了中国革命的吊诡之处及其寓言式的状态,也以此弃绝了诸种简单的进步或回退的历史意识与历史观念。在这个意义上,作为现代文学起源的《狂人日记》呈现出鲁迅关于中国革命及其历史展开的洞见。     

三亚鹿回头海域珊瑚、石莼和碎石反射率光谱分析

以南海三亚湾鹿回头海域八种常见造礁石珊瑚优势种的反射率光谱为代表,用光谱仪测量它们和此海域常见底质石莼以及碎石的反射率光谱。通过反射率、导数光谱法研究了三亚鹿回头海域造礁石珊瑚、石莼和碎石的光谱差异。石莼于561.4 nm处出现反射率高达48%左右的显著波峰,在500～700 nm波长范围和造礁石珊瑚反射率差异较大;碎石反射率明显高于造礁石珊瑚反射率,整体差异显著。导数分析结果表明造礁石珊瑚、石莼和碎石可区分波段为：造礁石珊瑚与石莼主要为一阶导数在485～487,505～510,515～529,559～578,587～593,598～603和667～670 nm等波段。二阶导数在494.4～505.7,524～534.5,543.6～561.4和567.2～579.7 nm波段。四阶导数在515.8～430,621～627.1,628.8～635.6,639.3～645,661.8～669.8和678.4～682.4 nm等波段。造礁石珊瑚与碎石一阶导数反射光谱,主要为400～413.7,414～418,484.8～486.9,506～509.6,514.5～528.9,576.9～587.6和602.7～653.4 nm波段。二阶导数主要为,451.6～461.6,564.5～570.7和677～685 nm。四阶导数主要为,412.6～425.3,459.8～467,467.7～470.6,535.6～540.8,583.8～591.4,654.4～659.8和670.8～680 nm等波段。     

鲁迅与辜鸿铭相异的翻译思想及相似的文化禀性

鲁迅提倡“拿来”的“异化”翻译法，辜鸿铭推崇“送出”的“归化”翻译法。通过对他们两位的翻译思想和文化禀性的阐述，可以发现两位大家翻译思想虽相异，却有着相似的文化禀性：强烈的爱国精神和豁达的学术胸怀。     

入乎其内,出乎其外——论卢佑诚古代文论研究的第三种范式

卢佑诚先生中国古代文论研究的主要特色,在于长期坚守着古代文论研究的第三种范式。所谓第三种范式,既不同于从前的以古代文学来完全统领古代文论的研究,也有别于后来的古代文论现代转化的研究,它由两个基本原则的相互融合而构成：一是传统的问题阐释;二是现代的价值判断。第三种范式不仅纠正了传统范式的封闭性,而且克服了新兴范式的浮躁性,是建设中国特色文学理论必经的长期历程。     

六安话入声字现状分析

入声是江淮官话最重要的语音特征。以往的入声研究缺少这样单点方言深入细致的分析,对六安话入声字现状进行分析研究,有助于揭示江淮官话入声演变途径和规律。     

方生方死的“大时代”——试论鲁迅历史意识的发展

大时代是鲁迅中后期思想发展中的重要概念,也是鲁迅历史意识形成过程中的关键词。从鲁迅1920年代末至1930年代初的写作中可以看出,在其思想中,启蒙者与革命者是合二为一的整体。在革命的催动下,大时代才可能到来。大时代是方生方死的时代,可以因之生,也可以以此死。鲁迅对大时代的解读和思考,是其生命意志的深刻体验,亦即其生命哲学在历史领域的延伸。     

吕凤子的绘画地位评价

吕凤子的一生执着而低调,以至于在现代绘画史上处于某种被遮蔽状态.应该通过历史文献的比较研究以及对吕凤子性格的分析,对吕凤子的绘画地位及成因作客观而真实的评析,还原吕凤子在现代绘画史上的真实定位.