氮肥对结缕草种子生产影响的研究

通过研究不同氮肥用量对二年生结缕草种子产量的影响,初步结果表明:结缕草的草高随着施氮量的增加而增高,草高与施氮量间存在极显著的正线性关系.当氮肥用量为8g/m2时,结缕草单位面积穗数、穗粒数最多,结缕草种子产量也最高,达到761kg/hm2,发芽率为96%.     

日本结缕草茎节和愈伤组织再生体系的优化

分别以日本结缕草的成熟胚和茎节为外植体,建立并优化了2套组培再生体系.实验结果表明:利用成熟胚诱导愈伤组织,适宜诱导培养基为MS基本培养基添加2 mg/L 2,4-D配合0.2 mg/L 6-BA,诱导率为42.5%;继代培养可改善愈伤组织状态,增加胚性,其中增加培养基渗透压,并适当添加ABA(0.2 mg/L),可明显提高胚性愈伤组织比率;继代2次后的愈伤组织在3种细胞分裂素6-BA,KT,ZT适当配比的分化培养基上,分化率可达到50%~75%.在以茎节为外植体的组培体系中消毒处理和预培养是比较关键的环节;预培养时MS培养基效果优于1/2 MS,在MS基本培养基中添加0.25 mg/L KT,1.0 mg/L ZT和0.1 mg/L NAA为比较适合的芽诱导培养基,诱导率可达37.9%.同时,比较了两套再生体系的优缺点,为日后日本结缕草的遗传转化奠定基础.     

日本林蛙部分生理生化指标的比较

本文介绍我们对日本林蛙(Rana j.japonica)在冬眠期(12～2月,5.5～8.5℃)与活动期(9～11月,12.5～24℃)的部分生理生化指标的比较.测定了血清、肝、脑、心肌和骨骼肌的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶的相对活力(±SD)、血红蛋白浓度及红细胞数等指标.这些指标不仅存在明显的组织差异,也存在季节差异和种群差异.     

高效液相色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术用于胁迫富硒海带硒形态研究

通过对海带胁迫富硒培养, 研究了海带对硒的富集总量及硒化学形态转变. 建立了反相离子对缓冲盐等3个色谱系统的高效液相色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用(RP-HPLC-ICP-MS)技术测定亚硒酸钠、硒甲基半胱氨酸(MeSeCys)、硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet)三种硒形态. 采用3种提取溶剂, 超声提取缩短提取时间, 分离检测富硒海带的主要硒形态为亚硒酸钠、硒甲基半胱氨酸和硒代蛋氨酸.     

Two homosecoiridoids from the fl ower buds of Lonicera japonica

Two new homosecoiridoids, named loniaceticiridoside (1) and lonimalondialiridoside (2), were isolated from an aqueous extract of the flower buds of Lonicera japonica. Their structures including the absolute configuration were determined by extensive spectroscopic studies, especially by 2D NMR and CD data analysis. A proposed biosynthetic pathway and preliminary investigations of the biological activity of compounds 1 and 2 are also discussed.     

任务教学法在药物分析综合设计性实验中的应用*

为提高学生探索精神,锻炼学生科学创新思维,培养出更符合社会需要的药学专业型人才,将综合设计性实验的内容引入药物分析实验课程中。以高效液相色谱法测定乌蔹莓中槲皮素、木犀草素的含量,并进行方法学考察为设计任务,通过指导学生查阅资料、设计实验方案、实施实验方案、分析讨论结果,加深学生对基础理论知识的理解;提高学生查阅文献能力、知识扩展能力、自学能力、创新能力等,为就业及深造奠定基础。     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱联用法测定金银花中绿原酸和咖啡酸

建立了高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱法(HPLC-ESI-ITMSn)同时测定了金银花中绿原酸和咖啡酸活性成分的分析方法。样品用体积分数80%乙醇回流提取,用Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18柱分离,以体积分数0.5%甲酸的乙腈-甲酸水溶液为梯度流动相,以保留时间和质荷比对分离出的组分予以定性确证,用峰面积进行定量。绿原酸和咖啡酸的线性范围均为10.0~1000.0μg/L,检出限(以信噪比为3计)均为2.0μg/L。样品的加标平均回收率为92.7%~98.7%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~2.7%。该方法适用于其它复杂体系中绿原酸和咖啡酸的分析。     

Sesquiterpenoids from the Aerial Parts of Inula japonica

Fourteen sesquiterpenoids with an eudesmane C‐atom skeleton, including four new ones, (1β,5α,7β,8β,11β)‐5‐hydroperoxy‐1‐hydroxyeudesm‐4(15)‐eno‐12,8‐lactone ( 1 ), (1β,5α,7β,8β)‐8‐(acetyloxy)‐5‐hydroperoxy‐1‐hydroxycostic acid methyl ester ( 12 ), and a mixture of (1β,3β,4β,7β,8β)‐1,3‐dihydroxyeudesma‐5,11(13)‐dieno‐12,8‐lactone ( 7 ) and (1β,3β,4β,7β,8β,11β)‐1,3‐dihydroxyeudesm‐5‐eno‐12,8‐lactone ( 8 ), were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula japonica (Asteraceae). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, and those of 7 and 12 confirmed by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.     

Mass‐spectrometry‐directed analysis and purification of pyrrolizidine alkaloid cis/trans isomers in Gynura japonica

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are highly hepatotoxic natural chemicals that produce irreversible chronic and acute hepatotoxic effects on human beings. Purification of large amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloids is necessary for toxicity studies. In this study, an efficient method for targeted analysis and purification of pyrrolizidine alkaloid cis/trans isomers from herbal materials was developed for the first time. Targeted analysis of the hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids was performed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (precursor ion scan and daughter ion scan), and the purification of pyrrolizidine alkaloids was achieved with a mass‐directed auto purification system. The extraction and preparative liquid chromatography conditions were optimized. The developed method was applied to analysis of Gynura japonica (Thunb.) Juel., a herbal medicine traditionally used for detumescence and relieving pain but is potentially hepatotoxic as it contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Twelve pyrrolizidine alkaloids (six cis/trans isomer pairs) were identified with reference compounds or characterized by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and five individual pyrrolizidine alkaloids, including (E)‐seneciphylline, seneciphylline, integerrimine, senecionine, and seneciphyllinine, were prepared from G. japonica roots with high efficiency. The results of this work provide a new technique for the preparation of large amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloid reference substances, which will also benefit toxicological studies of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and treatments for pyrrolizidine alkaloid‐induced toxicity.     

水浸泡对海带中碘含量的影响

用能量色散Ｘ射线荧光分析法（ＸＲＦ）研究了水浸泡对海带中碘含量的影响．结果表明，用淡水浸泡海带可使其中８０％的碘损失掉，但仍含碘６００×１０－６～１２００×１０－６，每天食用１～２ｇ经浸泡后的湿海带即可满足成人对碘的日需要量．延长浸泡时间或用盐水浸泡可使海带中碘含量少流失１０％左右。