Stabilization of monoatomic gold wires by carbon impurities

The influence of atomic and molecular carbon on the structural and electronic properties of a monoatomic gold wire has been studied by means of projector augmented-wave method (PAW) within density functional theory (DFT). Our calculations show that carbon is able to enhance the stability of linear gold chains with large interatomic separations. The Au-Au spacing at breakage can be as long as ∼4.5 and 6 Å for the wires incorporating atomic (Au-C) and molecular carbon (Au-C₂), respectively. The calculated band structure for nonmagnetic Au-C reveals the presence of one conduction channel for linear chains, but two channels for zigzag-like ones. A close similarity of this behaviour, to that known for a pure gold wire might indicate little influence of carbon on the conduction properties of gold nanowires.     

Low-energy spectrum and finite temperature properties of quantum rings

Recently it was demonstrated that the rotational and vibrational spectra of quantum rings containing few electrons can be described quantitatively by an effective spin-Hamiltonian combined with rigid center-of-mass rotation and internal vibrations of localized electrons. We use this model Hamiltonian to study the quantum rings at finite temperatures and in presence of a nonzero magnetic field. Total spin, angular momentum and pair correlation show similar phase diagram which can be understood with help of the rotational spectrum of the ring. Received 18 January 2002 Published online 13 August 2002     

Possibility of plasma density diagnostics using Langmuir-wave-caused dips observed in dense laser plasmas

A systematic study of the Langmuir-wave-caused dips (L dips) observed in profiles of the Al Ly γ line emitted from laser irradiated sandwich targets indicates that these fine spectral features can be used as a tool for density diagnostics in intermediately coupled plasmas. The spectroscopic data required for a reliable identification of L dips were collected by a vertical-geometry Johann spectrometer providing high spectral and spatial resolution. The electron densities deduced from the evolution of the L dips along the laser target axis compare well with those derived from hydrosimulations and from measurements of the line widths and shifts.     

Probabilistic properties of neuron spiking time-series obtained in vivo

Probabilistic properties of spiking time-series obtained in vivo from singular neurons belonging to Red Nucleus of brain are analyzed for two groups of rats: genetically defined rat model of depression (Flinders Sensitive Rat Line - FSL) and a control (healthy) group. The FSL group shows a distribution of interspike intervals with a much longer tail than that found for normal rats. The former distribution (for the FSL group) indicates a power-law with exponent α = - 1±0.1. A simple thermodynamic (noise) model is elaborated to explain obtained results. Received 13 May 2001 and Received in final form 20 September 2001     

N1923串级萃取分离La、Nd数学模拟

在较宽的酸度、稀土浓度、不同体系条件下探讨了N_(1923)萃取La、Nd的性能,详细地研究了在HNO_3介质中料液中酸度[H~+]_F、镧、钕浓度[La~(3+)]_F、[Nd~(3+)]_F对萃取平衡的影响规律,绘制了La、Nd萃取平衡等温线和分配比例数D~(-1)与平衡水相中镧总浓度[La~(3+)]_a,镧、钕萃取率E％与料液中酸度[H~+]_F关系图等,设计了计算程序用计算机进行数学模拟。并用N_(1923)进行串级萃取分离La、Nd,获得了纯度为99％以上的La、Nd产品,模拟式合理,萃取分离效果好。     

纳米氧化镧的制备及性能研究

采用热分解法、溶胶-凝胶法和沉淀法制备了纳米氧化镧,并对其进行XRD、BET、TEM、CO2-TPD和O2-TPD表征.结果表明,由不同制备方法获得的纳米氧化镧都为六方晶相结构,但由沉淀法制得的纳米氧化镧的颗粒最小(30～50nm),由溶胶-凝胶法制得的纳米氧化镧的比表面积最大(20.8m2.g-1),因而这两种方法获得的纳米氧化镧具有较好的吸附氧能力.     

Synthesis of PbS–K2La2Ti3O10 composite and its photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production

Photocatalyst, lead sulfide (PbS )-intercalated layer perovskite-type compound (K2La2Ti3O10), was synthesized via ion-exchange reaction, butylamine pillaring and sulfuration processes under the assistance of the microwave irradiation. The structure of the photoc atalysts was determined by means of powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet- visible diffuse reflection spectra and photoluminescence measu rement. And the photocatalytic activity of the composite compound for hydrogen production was also investigated. The experimental results showed that the intercalation of PbS in the layered space of K2La2Ti3O10 greatly improved the absorption edge and the photocatalytic activity. Hydrogen production of the PbS–K2La2Ti3O10 was 127.19 mmol/(g cat) after 3 h irradiation of ultraviolet light.     

白光LED用Ba3La（PO4）3∶Dy3+荧光粉的制备与发光性能

通过高温固相法合成了一系列Ba3La1-x(PO4)3∶xDy3+荧光粉材料。利用XRD测量样品的物相,结果显示样品为纯相Ba3La(PO4)3晶体。样品的激发光谱由一系列宽谱组成,峰值分别位于322,347,360,386,424,451 nm。在347 nm激发下,荧光粉在482 nm(4F9/2→6H15/2)和575 nm(4F9/2→6H13/2)处有很强的发射。研究了不同Dy3+掺杂浓度对样品发射光谱的影响,当Dy3+摩尔分数x=0.10时出现猝灭现象,浓度猝灭机理为电偶极-电偶极相互作用。确定了不同Dy3+掺杂浓度的Ba3La(PO4)3∶Dy3+的荧光寿命。Ba3La(PO4)3∶Dy3+荧光粉发射光谱的色坐标位于白光区域。     

可聚合型溶致液晶单体3,4,5-三(11-十一烷氧丙烯酰氧基)苯甲酸钠的自组装及紫外光固化性能

以3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸为原料,依次经过酯化、醚化、酰氯化和钠盐化四步反应合成一种可聚合型溶致液晶单体3,4,5-三(11-十一烷氧丙烯酰氧基)苯甲酸钠,并对其结构进行了傅里叶变换红外与1H核磁表征. 在室温下研究了该单体在水中的自组装行为,组装体结构通过偏光显微镜与X射线衍射仪进行表征. 研究表明,单体与水比例为80:20时可自组装为层状(La)相,92:8时组装为反六方(H_II)相,这与临界堆积参数的理论计算相吻合,表明单体浓度是影响组装体结构的重要因素. 在组装的基础上研究了含不同光引发剂的溶致液晶体系的双键转化率及固化后组装体结构的保留. 经实时红外表征及溶胶-凝胶法的验证发现在光强为30 mW/cm²的365 nm下曝光30 min,含引发剂Darocur2959的溶致液晶体系双键转化率可达78%. 聚合之后La相与H_II相的纳米结构都得到了保留.     

ChemInform Abstract: Intermetallic Compounds Ce4Ru3Ga3 and La3Ru2Ga2 with Crystal Structures of New Types.

Ce₄Ru₃Ga₃ (I) and La₃Ru₂Ga₂ (II) are synthesized by arc melting of the elements under Ar followed by annealing (873 K, 30 d).