白术两个药材品种的核型研究

本文研究了产于安徽祁门县的白术(Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz)两个药材品种的核型。研究结果表明:白术两个药材品种体细胞染色体数相同,均为2n=24,但核型结构有差异,其核型公式:祁术K(2n)=24=18m+6sm;白术K(2n)=24=12m+12sm。二者均属“2B”型核型,但它们的染色体相对长度变异幅度和差值、臂比的变异幅度和差值、最长与最短染色体的比值以及核型不对称系数(AS·K%)均有较大差异,而且都是祁术小于白术,说明祁术的核型对称程度大于白术。此外,二者在外形、生境、药性及药效上也存在较大差异。     

续断菊的染色体研究

首次对续断菊进行了染色体数目和核型研究，结果表明：染色体数目为２ｎ＝１８，核型公式为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝１８＝１８ｍ，核型属“１Ａ”型。     

六倍体莜麦染色体的核型分析

对莜麦染色体的核型进行了分析，结果表明其染色体数为42．为六倍体．包括11对中部着丝粒染色体，9对近中部着丝粒染色体和1对近端着丝粒染色体，其中有3对染色体带有随体．核型公式为2n=6x=42=22m 18sm(4SAT) 2st(2SAT)．     

水城棘腹蛙的核型和Ag-NOR_s研究

水城棘腹蛙的染色体数为２ｎ＝２６，由５对大型染色体和８对小型染色体组成，其中有６对亚中部着丝粒染色体（ＮＯＳ、２、３、４、８、９、１０）和７对中部着丝粒染色体。ＮＯ７的一个成员短臂有一明显的次缢痕，银染后，一个ＮＯＲ定位于此缢痕区     

黑榆系4种榆树的核型研究

首次报道了中国产的榆属黑榆系４种１变种的核型。结果如下：黑榆２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２８＝２ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２４ｓｔ；春榆２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２８＝２ｍ＋２ｓｍ＋２４ｓｔ；红果榆２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２８＋２Ｂ＝２ｍ＋６ｓｍ＋２０ｓｔ＋２Ｂ；多脉榆２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２８＋１Ｂ＝２ｍ＋１０ｓｍ＋１２ｓｔ＋４ｔ＋１Ｂ；榆２ｎ＝２ｘ＝２８＋１Ｂ＝２ｍ＋４ｓｍ＋１６ｓｔ＋６ｔ＋１Ｂ。在上述榆树中，除榆为３Ａ核型外，其他均为３Ｂ核型     

大棘螽染色体核型研究（直翅目：螽斯总科：硕螽科）

本文以雄性精巢作为实验材料，经过低渗、固定、空气干燥、Giemsa染色制备染色体标本，对大棘螽Deracanthagrandis（Lucas）的染色体核型进行了研究，结果2n■=29，第一对染色体为中部着丝粒染色体，其余的均为近端着丝粒染色体．性别决定机制为XO■／XX■型．     

Epifluorescence and light microscopy evidencing structural and functional polymorphism of ribosomal DNA in fish (Teleostei: Astyanax fasciatus)

New karyotypic data are presented for the Astyanax fasciatus species complex from four different locations on the Upper Tibagi River in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Chromosome markers were analyzed using conventional (Ag-NOR) and molecular (FISH with 18S biotinylated probes) methods. Two cytotypes were found in cell counts with diploid number 2n = 48 chromosomes and 2n = 50 chromosomes, previously denominated Cytotype A and B, respectively. Two specific patterns of Ag-NORs markers (ribosomal gene activity) were found, with intra-population and inter-population variations. Cytotype A exhibited two to three chromosomes with NOR sites in the metaphases analyzed. In Cytotype B specimens, up to three markers were found, demonstrating greater intra-population and inter-population variation. All individuals with only one chromosome pair with NORs were located in the telomeric region of the short arm of Chromosome 5. This characteristic was interpreted as ancestral for the species. Another identified pattern revealed a site in the telomeric region probably in the long arm of Chromosome 4 and another submetacentric chromosome with bitelomeric marks exclusively in specimens with 2n = 50 chromosomes. In the FISH analysis (ribosomal gene structure), five to seven markers were identified in Cytotype A and three to seven markers were identified in Cytotype B. Structural chromosome events and/or transposable elements are required to explain the ribosomal gene location diversity in these organisms. The results of the present study corroborate the hypothesis that the A. fasciatus of the Upper Tibagi River region constitute a species complex.     

川芎染色体制作及核型研究

本文对川芎的染色体制作方法进行了新的研究,并就川芎的染色体核型进行了分析,其结果显示:川芎的细胞染色体数为2n=22,其中中部着丝点染色体(m)为8对,近中部着丝点染色体(sm)为2对,近端部着丝点染色体(st)为1对,其核型公式为K(2n)=11X=22=16m+4sm+2st(SAT)     

旱地沙蜥的核型和Ag—NORs研究

本文报道了旱地沙蜥Phrynocephalus Helioscopus(pallas)的核型,2n=(2V+201)+24m,NF=48,由11对大染色体和12对小染色体组成,第一对大染色体为亚中央着丝粒染色体,其余均为端部着丝粒染色体。Ag—NORs显带显示NORs位于第二对大染色体远离着丝粒的一端。本文还观察分析了精巢的减数分裂。