New method for reducing 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid diethyl ester to 2, 6-di(hydroxymethyl) pyridine

Reducing 2,6-pyridinedicaboxylic acid diethyl ester to 2,6-di(hydroxymethyl)pyridine was carried out by using NaBH₄/CaCl₂ as reducing agent. It is an improved and efficient method. The yield is up to 91% Wu Xinyan: born Mar. 1971, Ph. D. graduate student: Curent research interest is in the research of organic synthesis. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Special Funds of the State Education Committee for Doctorate Scientific Research     

非动力型旋流特性

以管内设置导流片产生的非动力型圆管旋流模型试验为基础,论述了非动力型圆管旋流产生的方法和原因;分析了随时间和位置不断变化旋流的涡量沿径向和轴向的变化规律和相对强度的变化规律,并从中总结出了影响圆管旋流特性及其变化的因素,得出了非动力型圆管旋流是一种由强制涡与势涡组合而成的复合涡,即为流体力学中所称的涡流。     

无腹筋混凝土梁的碳纤维抗剪加固试验研究

对一系列无腹筋碳纤维加固梁进行了试验研究 ,分析了影响碳纤维抗剪加固效果的因素 ,并比较了粘贴方式的不同对无腹筋梁的加固效果 .根据试验结果 ,得出无腹筋梁碳纤维加固的脆性特征比较明显 ,对于矩形梁 ,斜贴与U型贴对于极限承载力的提高基本相同 ,而斜贴碳纤维布更能有效约束加固梁的变形     

从马克思到邓小平的社会主义商品经济发展模式探析

社会主义国家能否发展商品经济,在马克思主义经济学说史上有过一个从否定到部分肯定再到肯定的认识发展过程。马克思、恩格斯预测社会主义是没有商品生产的社会。列宁认为从资本主义到社会主义过渡的时期仍然需要保留商品生产。斯大林部分肯定了社会主义商品生产的可能性,但又把它局限在个人消费品的范围。毛泽东在不同时期对社会主义发展商品经济的问题有着相互矛盾的态度。邓小平科学地解决了社会主义同商品经济的关系问题,创造性地提出了社会主义市场经济理论,这是对在社会主义条件下发展商品经济的创新性认识。     

孤东原油组分与其ASP配方体系之间界面张力的研究

为探索三次采油配方的本质，寻找原油中对配方起主要作用的组分及其含量，以孤东原油为对象，首先得到其最佳三采配方，然后通过测量其与原油各个组分之间的界面张力，得到一些有价值的结果：①以价格低廉的天然混合羧酸盐为表面活性剂的孤东原油的ASP(碱、表面活性荆及聚合物组成的三元复合体系)配方(质量分数)：0、5％SDC-C(S) 0．7％复碱(m(Na2CO3)：m(NaHCO3=I)=1：1)(A) 0．1％HAPM(P)；②降低界面张力的能力以沥青质最大，胶质次之；③单独沥青质、胶质或者油分的模拟油，与ASP最佳配方体系的界面张力都比原油高，说明原油中各个组分存在协同效应；④胶质可作为原油的等效烷烃用于三次采油配方的研究．     

IMPACT MODEL RESOLUTION ON PAINLEVE’S PARADOX

Painlevé‘s paradox is one of the basic difficulties for solving LCP of dynamic systems subjected to unilateral constraints. A bi-nonlinear parameterized impact model, consistent with dynamic principles and experimental results, is established on the localized and quasi-static impact model theory. Numerical simulations are carried out on the dynamic motion of Painlevé‘s example. The results confirm ““““impact without collision““““ in the inconsistent states of the system. A ““““critical normal force““““ which brings an important effect on the future movement of the system in the indeterminate states is found. After the motion pattern for the impact process is obtained from numerical results, a rule of the velocity‘s jump that incorporates the tangential impact process is deduced by using an approximate impulse theory and the coefficient of restitution defined by Stronge. The results of the jump rule are quite precise if the system rigidity is big enough.     

求解两人博弈纳什平衡问题的定制临近点算法

针对一类不允许校正的两人轮流博弈纳什平衡问题,提出一种定制临近点分裂算法.该算法可用于模拟一种实际博弈活动:参与博弈的两个局中人轮流决策,且在一轮博弈中,每位局中人综合考虑对手上一轮与本轮所给出的决策,根据最优响应规则做出自己的相应决策.在一定假设条件下证明定制临近点算法全局地收敛到所考虑博弈的纳什平衡,数值算例验证了算法的有效性.     

一维螺旋链状配位聚合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]n的水热合成及晶体结构

通过水热反应,合成了标题化合物[Zn(pam)(bpa)]_n(1),(pam=4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸), bpa=2,2'-二吡啶胺),对该化合物通过X-射线单晶衍射、红外和荧光光谱进行了结构表征。X-射线单晶衍射表明,目标化合物中的锌(II)离子分别与来自两个不同4,4'-亚甲基二(3-羟基-2-萘甲酸)中的羧基氧和同一个2,2'-二吡啶胺中的两个氮原子配位形成四配位的扭曲四面体结构。该配合物通过锌(II)离子的连接形成有趣的一维螺旋长链,链与链之间通过氢键作用形成二维片状结构。     

Selective Cross-Coupling of Unsaturated Substrates on AlI

The Al^I compound NacNacAl ( 1 , NacNac = [ArNC(Me)CHC(Me)NAr]⁻, Ar = 2,6-iPr₂C₆H₃) serves as a template for the chemoselective coupling between carbonyls (benzophenone, fenchone, isophorone, p-tolyl benzoate, N,N-dimethylbenzamide, (1-phenylethylidene)aniline) and pyridine. With the CH-acidic ketone (1R)-(+) camphor, the reaction affords a hydrido alkoxide compound of Al, formed as the result of enolization, whereas an enolizable imine, (1-phenylethylidene)aniline, and the bulky ketone isophorone, still chemoselectively couple with pyridine. In contrast, reaction with the ester p-tolyl benzoate results in cleavage of the ester bond together with replacement of the alkoxy group by a hydrogen atom of the pyridine moiety. This study demonstrates that for carbonyl substrates featuring phenyl substituents, the reaction proceeds via intermediate formation of η²(C,X)-coordinated (X = O, N) carbonyl adducts, whereas the reaction of 1 with (R)-(−)-fenchone in the absence of pyridine leads to CH activation in the pendant isopropyl group of the Ar substituent of the NacNac ligand.