高速公路汽车目标检测

用动态图像序列分析减背景方法检测出了高速公路上的汽车目标，得到流量，速度等参数。初始背景用卡尔曼滤波更新，能自适应环境光的漫变，给出了目标检测跟踪算法的及实现算法ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５脱机硬件系统结构。跟踪实际交通图像结果表明，算法性能良好，处理速度为－３４次／ｓ，满足了交通管理的实时性要求。     

车载GPS/DR/GIS组合导航系统改善定位精度仿真研究

本文提出了ＧＰＳ、ＤＲ和ＧＩＳ相结合的新型车辆导航系统，建立了该系统的数学模型，并对其导航定位精度，用１３个状态推广卡尔曼滤波进行了模拟仿真分析，理论和实验结果表明，此组合导航系统，提高了车辆导航定位精度和工作可靠性。     

基于灰色关联分析的路段行程时间卡尔曼滤波预测算法

为改善卡尔曼滤波用于时间序列预测时的自适应性能，提出基于灰色关联分析的路段行程时间实时预测算法．首先，利用灰色理论对行程时间序列的各影响因素进行灰色关联分析，根据灰色关联度的大小来选取路段行程时间的主要影响因素，由此建立相应的动态方程．在此动态方程基础上，通过卡尔曼滤波递推进行路段行程时间预测．文中利用深圳某交通干道上的实测行程时间进行仿真实验，结果表明该算法的综合预测性能优于常规卡尔曼滤波方法，可应用于正常交通流状况下的路段行程时间预测．     

DGPS/INS Data Fusion for Land Navigation

IntroductionLandnavigationhasledtothecreationofmanyresearchprojectsandplatformslikeTRAVELandOPSYDE,whicharepartoftheAUTORISproject(AutomaticsforanIntelligentandSafeRoad).TheTRAVELplatformconsidersthecreationofanautonomousconvoyofvehicleswhiletheOPSYDEprojectconsistsofdatafusiontechniquestosolvetheproblemofmultisensornavigationinordertoincreasetheaccuracyandreliability.Testplatformisinstalled,composedbyROBUCARelectricvehiclesandtheironboardsensorswherethemostimportantareGPSand…     

An extended nonlinear state predictor for a class of nonlinear time delay systems

An extended nonlinear state predictor (ENSP) for a class of nonlinear systems with input time delay is proposed. Based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF), the ENSP first estimates the current states according to the previous estimations and estimation errors, next calculates the future state values via the system model, and then adjusts the values based on the current errors. After a state predictive algorithm for a class of linear systems is presented, it is extended to a class of nonlinear time delay systems and the detailed ENSP algorithm is further proposed. Finally, computer simulations with the nonlinear example are presented, which demonstrates that the proposed ENSP can effectively and accurately predict the future states for a class of nonlinear time-delay systems no matter whether the state variables change quickly or slowly.     

中国公司治理的路径依赖——理论与实证分析

1Introduction　Now ,in orbitspacecraftsdeveloprapidlyinqualityandquantity,whilethegroundTT&Cresourceisrelativelylimi ted .Therefore ,torealizespacecraftautonomousnavigationandpositioningseemsespeciallytobeimportant.Itisoneoftheimportantaspectstoincreasethein orbitspacecraftself containedability .　ExtensiveattentionshavebeenpaidtotheapplicationofGPSinthisarea,andquiteanumberofachievementshavebeengained ,butitisonlythebeginning .　FortheutilizationofGPSinspacecraftnavigationandpo sitioning …     

基于折扣高斯粒子滤波器的桥梁可靠性动态预测

桥梁健康监测(BHM)系统在长期运营中积累了大量信息,如何利用这些信息动态预测结构可靠性已成为BHM领域的关键科学问题之一.为合理预测桥梁的动态可靠性,应用BHM系统日常监测的极值应力数据,建立带有最优折扣因子的动态线性模型,结合高斯粒子滤波器给出折扣高斯粒子滤波器预测算法,分别对日常监测极值应力的一步向前预测分布参数和状态变量后验分布参数进行修正预测,并基于此,采用一次二阶矩(FOSM)方法预测桥梁的动态可靠性,结合桥梁实测数据对所提方法进行了验证分析,为桥梁预防性养护维修决策提供理论基础.     

环路跟踪卡尔曼滤波算法的性能分析

基于卡尔曼滤波的环路跟踪算法多是通过一定仿真证明算法性能,没有系统性性能评估,难以较好指导工程应用。在原有算法基础上进行了优化,并系统性地对比分析、评估了基于卡尔曼环路滤波算法性能,以期为算法工程化提供指导。首先提出对跟踪环路反馈调整量进行预测,使之更符合系统实际,减小环路跟踪误差。而后基于卫星信号模拟器输出信号和自生产信号源,充分评估基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法的收敛时间和灵敏度。仿真结果表明,相比目前工程常用的二阶FFL辅助三阶PLL算法,基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法能够缩短环路所需稳定时间约90%,并能提升跟踪灵敏度约5 d B,有效改善弱信号场景中接收机输出信息的完好性和连续性。     

Implementation of a nonlinear filter for online nuclear counting

Nuclear counting is a challenging task for nuclear instrumentation because of the stochastic nature of radioactivity. Event counting has to be processed and filtered to determine a stable count rate value and perform variation monitoring of the measured event. An innovative approach for nuclear counting is presented in this study, improving response time and maintaining count rate stability. Some nonlinear filters providing a local maximum likelihood estimation of the signal have been recently developed, which have been tested and compared with conventional linear filters. A nonlinear filter thus developed shows significant performance in terms of response time and measurement precision. The filter also presents the specificity of easy embedment into digital signal processor (DSP) electronics based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or microcontrollers, compatible with real-time requirements. © 2001 Elsevier Science. All rights reserved.