G.P.汤姆孙对电子衍射的实验研究

介绍了G．P．汤姆孙完成电子衍射实验,证明了德布罗意提出的物质波理论的研究经历从中可以看到注意研究选题的先进性,注重理论的先导作用和科学的研究方法的重要性。     

A decoupling two‐grid algorithm for the mixed Stokes‐Darcy model with the Beavers‐Joseph interface condition

In this article, a decoupling scheme based on two‐grid finite element for the mixed Stokes‐Darcy problem with the Beavers‐Joseph interface condition is proposed and investigated. With a restriction of a physical parameter α, we derive the numerical stability and error estimates for the scheme. Numerical experiments indicate that such two‐grid based decoupling finite element schemes are feasible and efficient. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 30: 1066–1082, 2014     

＂The Needham problem H＂ in the ＂Doctrines of the Primary Qi＂

＂李约瑟难题Ⅱ＂：为什么在公元前2世纪到公元15世纪期间,中国文明在获取自然知识并将其应用于人的实际需要方面成效较高,而现代科学未在中国文明中成长。从＂元气说＂的角度看,气既是自然物质的本原,也是人类精神的本原;既具有多元性与连续性,又具有应变性与感应性。这使中国科学技术及其思维范型的适应能力、同化能力与扩展应用能力较强。同时,元气说也是现代科学的思想宝库。因此,我国应重视传统文化建设与科学文化建设并汲取中国传统文化中的科学精神。     

体认神话与历史叙事的再诠释——《神话历史：一种现代史学的生成》

约瑟夫·马里在《神话历史》中提倡一种＂现代史学＂——神话历史,通观全书,神话历史是一种叙事模式,主张＂体认神话＂,探寻历史意义生产和再生产的过程,还主张运用＂神话手法＂。约瑟夫·马里启示我们在现代历史和生活中发现神话历史。     

大连市软实力的建设与提升

自从约瑟夫·奈在20世纪90年代初首开软实力研究的先河以来,在过去的20余年中,软实力研究备受瞩目.认为在大连实施全域城市化发展战略中,加强软实力研究对创建大连和谐的人居生活环境和妥善解决民生问题等,具有十分现实的意义.在分析软实力的内涵、体系以及软实力与硬实力、软实力与区域竞争力、软实力与软环境的相互关系的基础上.从城市吸引力、区域影响力、文化感召力、城市凝聚力、区域创新力、教育发展力、政府公信力和社会和谐力等7个方面,研究大连市软实力的建设现状与提升要点.     

被遗忘的运动——约瑟与英国援华会及其成员的交往与活动

根据剑桥大学图书馆等所藏李约瑟通信及其所制作的交往人员卡片等资料,重构了20世纪30-40年代李约瑟与援华会及其成员接触、交往的过程以及他在援华会的活动史实,反映了李约瑟在这个时期的社会活动及他的政治立场,也从侧面描述了战时及战后英国民间援华运动的具体情形.     

一种安全协议的形式化验证方法

BAN(Burrows,Abadi and Needham)类逻辑可以辅助设计、分析和验证网络和分布式系统中的安全协议。介绍BAN逻辑的产生、成分和分析步骤，指出BAN逻辑的缺陷，由此而产生的改进BAN逻辑和现状，并对BAN类逻辑作全面的回顾与展望，得出：BAN类逻辑仍然是密码协议分析和设计的主要工具，但理想化步骤是BAN类逻辑的致命缺陷的结论。展望了BAN类逻辑研究。对未来协议的形式化分析工作具有指导意义。     

Spin labeling artery method perfusion MRI study of SPG4 and SCA3/MJD

Background

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and Machado–Joseph disease (MJD) are similar diseases that are often referred to jointly as SCA3/MJD. As the most common autosomal-dominantly inherited subtype of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), HSP4 (or SPG4) has overlapping symptoms with SCA3/MJD, which hinders their diagnoses. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noninvasive, contrast-agent free, magnetic resonance perfusion imaging method used to obtain maps of the cerebral blood flow (CBF). Here, we investigated the diagnostic value of ASL in SCA3/MJD and SPG4 patients.

Methods

A total of 13 SPG4 cases, 38 SCA3/MJD cases (22 onset patients and 16 genetic abnormality-only patients), and 27 healthy volunteers were examined by ASL. Data were processed to obtain the regional CBF (rCBF) and comparatively studied.

Results

In the pons, cerebellar dentate nucleus, and cerebellar cortex, rCBF of the onset SCA3/MJD group was significantly lower than that of the normal control group. In the cerebellar dentate nucleus and cerebellar cortex, the rCBF of the non-onset SCA3/MJD group was significantly lower than that of the control group. In the pons and cerebellar cortex, the rCBF of the onset SCA3/MJD group was significantly lower than that of the SPG4 group.

Conclusions

SCA3/MJD lesions are mainly located in the cerebellum and brainstem. Gray matter and white matter were both involved, although the deep cerebellar nuclei may be the earliest involved region. Cerebellar and brainstem lesions of SCA3/MJD were more severe than those of SPG4. ASL can aid the diagnosis of SCA3/MJD and SPG4.     

The Physical Tourist Physics in Glasgow: A Heritage Tour

I trace the history of the physical and applied sciences, and particularly physics, in Glasgow. Among the notable individuals I discuss are Joseph Black (1728–1799), James Watt (1736–1819), William John Macquorn Rankine (1820–1872), William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824–1907), John Kerr (1824–1907), Frederick Soddy (1877–1956), John Logie Baird (1888–1946), and Ian Donald (1910–1987), as well as physics-related businesses.The locations, centering on the city center and University of Glasgow, include sites both recognizable today and transformed from past usage, as well as museums and archives related to the history and interpretation of physics.