Application of isotope dilution mass spectrometry to research of certified reference materials

This paper briefly describes the method and applications of isotope dilution mass spectrometry(IDMS). Primary standard solutions with various natural isotope abundances were used to certify the concentration of enriched isotope solutions by IDMS. Then these enriched isotopes were used to certify unknown samples by IDMS. Li, K, Mg, Fe, Cu, Ni, Cd, Mo, Pb, etc in CRMs were certified and very good results were obtained in three international comparisons by IDMS. Received: 15 June 2000 Accepted: 26 October 2001     

Summary of ISO/TC201 standard: ISO/TR 18394:2006—surface chemical analysis—Auger electron spectroscopy—derivation of chemical information

ISO/TR 18394 provides guidance for the identification of chemical effects on x‐ray or electron‐excited Auger electron spectra as well as for applications of these effects in chemical characterization of surface/interface layers of solids. In addition to elemental composition, information can be obtained on the chemical state and the surrounding local electronic structure of the atom with the initial core hole from the changes of Auger electron spectra upon the alteration of its local environment. The methods of identification and use of chemical effects on Auger electron spectra, as described in this Technical Report, are very important for accurate quantitative applications of Auger electron spectroscopy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Photoinitiated reactions of (η-C5H5)2MH3 (M  Nb,Ta) with Mn2(CO)10: structure of (η-C5H5)2(CO)Ta(μ-H)Mn2(CO)9

The photoreaction of (η-C₅H₅)₂TaH₃ with Mn₂(CO)₁₀ gives, inter alia, (η-C₅H₅)₂(CO)Ta(μ-H)Mn₂(CO)₉, whose crystal structure reveals an open, bent trimetallic framework. Preliminary mechanistic studies show that this and the analogous niobium reaction proceed via a complex sequence of thermal steps following photoinitiation.     

Proficiency testing in analytical chemistry, microbiology and laboratory medicine: working group discussions on current practice and future directions

A summary of the working group (WG) discussions on proficiency testing (PT) and external quality assessment (EQA) held at the joint EURACHEM/CITAC/EQALM workshop, Bracknell, UK, 16–18 February 2003 is provided. The nine WGs covered a range of issues concerned with current practice and future directions; PT/EQA as a tool for regulators (WG1); PT/EQA as a tool for accreditation (WG2); evaluation of performance and uncertainty (WG3); frequency of PT/EQA participation (WG4); selection of appropriate PT/EQA schemes (WG5); added value of PT/EQA and cost benefit evaluation (WG6); global harmonisation and rationalisation (WG7); new technical areas and challenges in PT/EQA (WG8); and accreditation of PT/EQA providers (WG9). Participants with different backgrounds were on each WG in order to capture a range of views and experience from different sectors. The discussions reflected on the keynote lectures and built, in many cases, on discussions at previous workshops in 2000 and 2002.     

Surface reactions of chlorine molecules and atoms with water and sulfuric acid at low temperatures

Reactions of chlorine-containing species are of great current interest, particularly in reference to possible stratospheric ozone depletion. We have been investigating the potential role of heterogeneous reactions of these species with stratospheric aerosols. Here we wish to report on the results of a study of the interactions of Cl atoms and Cl₂ with H₂SO₄ and H₂O, the dominant components of stratospheric aerosols, at low temperature using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It appears that chlorine atoms and molecules form chloride ion and higher oxidation states of chlorine upon reacting with cooled surfuric acid surfaces while only chloride ion forms with ice. To test the validity of the chlorine oxidation assignment, an XPS study was also made of chlorine in its various oxidation states as found in the chlorides, hypochlorites, chlorites, chlorates, and perchlorates of sodium, potassium, and calcium. Possible mechanisms by which chlorine changes its oxidation state on contact with H₂SO₄ glasses are discussed.     

山东省运用IT技术开拓国际旅游市场的战略思考

山东省是我国的旅游资源大省,但由于旅游促销和市场开拓能力差,导致国际入境旅游发展相对缓慢。IT技术在旅游市场开发、产品促销等方面发挥着重要作用,对旅游业的市场、分销、传播带来了深刻的影响,成为沟通旅游业供需双方的重要渠道和手段。因此,山东省应注重运用IT技术开拓国际旅游市场。一是要尽快制定山东省旅游业IT技术应用与发展的战略规划,加快旅游目的地信息系统（DIS）建设;二是积极推进企业网络建设的进程;三是建设优质高效的网站,提高宣传促销效能;四是加强培养旅游网络营销人才。     

如何在高校中推行ISO9000族国际质量标准 --《引入ISO9000族国际质量标准,全面提升高校教育质量》系列论谈之二

本文就如何在高校中推行ISO9000族国际质量标准认证体系进行论述,阐述ISO9000质量管理体系的实施步骤和ISO9000认证需建立的文件,提出学校需建立文件化管理.推行ISO9000族国际质量标准,全面提高高校教育质量.     

共产国际的影响与中共二大解决民族问题主张的提出

中国共产党早期的理论主张曾受到了共产国际与联共党的影响，民族理论与政策也同样受到了影响，中共二大提出用联邦制解决民族问题，这其中的原因固然很多，但共产国际、联共党的影响是最重要的原因之一。     

室内热环境评价与测量的新标准化方法

介绍在暖通空调工程中，按照国际标准所要达到的室内舒适热环境的衡量标准及其测量方法。重点介绍满足ＩＳＯ７７３０和ＩＳＯ７７２６两个新标准提出的条件时必须测定的热参数、测定手段及仪表。     

The potential of mass spectrometry to study iron-containing proteins used in clinical diagnosis

Many proteins contain iron as metal ion either within their own structures or bound to their active sites. These iron-containing proteins are involved in numerous biological processes and some of them serve as biomarkers of clinical pathologies, not only related to iron homeostasis but also to other physiological disorders. Thus, a variety of analytical strategies have been developed over the last years in order to conduct studies on Fe-containing proteins. Among them, mass spectrometric (MS) methods still remain as preferred tools since they provide the capabilities of structure elucidation together with quantitative possibilities. Therefore, in this work we have tried to summarize the most recent applications of elemental and molecular mass spectrometric-based methods for the characterization (mostly qualitative but quantitative in some cases) of the high abundant Fe-containing proteins used for clinical diagnosis.