Preparation of polymer-supported phosphine from ferrocene for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions

Polymer-supported phosphine ligand 3b derived from ferrocene was prepared,and applied in palladium-catalyzed Suzuki- Miyaura reactions.A range of aryl bromides can couple with phenylboronic acid to obtain corresponding biaryls in excellent yields. The recycling of the polymer-bound catalyst was tested without adding palladium.     

Novel reaction systems for the synthesis of O-glucosides by enzymatic reverse hydrolysis

Our studies are presented to replace alcohols as solvents in reverse hydrolytic reactions catalyzed by immobilized β-glucosidase to synthesize O-substituted β-d-glucopyranosides in preparative-scale. We found that 1,2-diacetoxyethane is a suitable solvent and O-alkyl or aryl β-d-glucosides were synthesized in moderate yields (after isolation 12-19%). In these reactions proportion of glucose and glucosyl acceptor hydroxy compounds was 1:20. We suggest that 1,2-diacetoxyethane can be useful not only for alcohols but for other glucosyl donor compounds unsuitable for the role of solvent (e.g., phenols) in the synthesis of O-β-d-glucosides by reverse hydrolysis.     

Immobilization of α-amylase in vinyl-polymer-based interpenetrating polymer networks

Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of poly(ethylene glycol), poly(vinyl alcohol) and polyacrylamide were prepared as a support for enzyme immobilization and kinetic studies were performed for the immobilization of -amylase. The effect of IPN composition on the extent of immobilization was investigated and the percentage of relative activity of the immobilized enzyme was evaluated as a function of the chemical architecture of the IPNs, pH and temperature, taking starch as a substrate. The kinetic constants and the maximum reaction velocity were also evaluated. The IPNs were characterized by IR spectral analysis.     

烯烃氢甲酰化反应研究进展

本文综述了烯烃氢甲酰化反应的催化剂从钴配合物到铑配合物和从均相催化体系到两相催化体系的发展过程。比较了三种催化剂和两个催化体系的特点、应用情况及研究工作进展.     

Simultaneous purification and reversible immobilization of d-amino acid oxidase from Trigonopsis variabilis on a hydrophobic support

Purification and reversible immobilization of d-amino acid oxidase from Trigonopsis variabilis could be simultaneously accomplished by hydrophobic interaction on Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B in the presence of 50 mM pyrophosphate buffer (pH 8.5). The presence of a high salt concentration of 2M, which is generally required for the hydrophobic interactions, was not essential for the hydrophobic immobilization. The enzyme in free as well as immobilized form was optimally active between pH 7.0 and 9.0. The immobilized preparation could be reused in a batch process for the conversion of d-amino acids to α-keto acids. When the activity of the preparation dropped below practical limits, the gel could be regenerated by water wash and recharged with fresh crude extract from yeast.     

Enzyme stabilization strategies based on electrolytes and polyelectrolytes for biosensor applications

The achievements in the area of enzyme stabilization based on electrolytes, polyelectrolytes and polyols is reviewed, in the context of biosensor applications. Both the storage and operational stabilities of the biosensors can be improved using these stabilizers. The deactivation of the enzymes used for the development of biosensors from thermal shock, proteolytic degradation, and non-specific metal-catalyzed oxidation can be drastically reduced with the use of one or more of these stabilizers. It is attempted to deconvolute the effect of these additives on (a) the storage stability or shelf life, and (b) the operational stabilities of the biosensors. Even though there are a large number of techniques and reports dealing with enzyme stabilization, their application to biosensor technology is still very limited. It is thus concluded that the use of the existing enzyme stabilization techniques will have a drastic effect on the storage and operational stabilities of biosensors in the near future.     

Electrochemical Study of the Interactions of DNA with Redox‐Active Molecules Based on the Immobilization of dsDNA on the Sol‐Gel Derived Nano Porous Hydroxyapatite‐Polyvinyl Alcohol Hybrid Material Coating

A novel type of sol‐gel inorganic‐organic hybrid material coated on glassy carbon electrode used for immobilization of double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) and study of dsDNA with redox‐active molecules was developed. The hybrid material coating was produced by sol‐gel method with nano hydroxyapatite (HAp)‐polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The optimum composition of the hybrid material was first examined, and the morphology of the nano HAp‐PVA coatings was investigated with the help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). DsDNA was immobilized in/on the nano HAp‐PVA hybrid coatings by adsorption and the characteristics of the dsDNA/HAp‐PVA/GCE were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using the probes of Co(phen) and Fe(CN) . The results indicate that the dsDNA can be immobilized on the nano porous HAp‐PVA coating effectively and its stability can satisfy the necessity of study on the interactions of dsDNA with redox‐active molecules on the electrode surface. Co(bpy) and Co(phen) were used as the model molecule to study the interactions of dsDNA with redox‐active molecules. Information such as ratio (K_Ox/K_Red) of the binding constant for the oxidized and reduced forms of a bound species, interaction mode, including change in the mode of interaction, and “limiting” ratio K /K at zero ionic strength (μ) can be obtained using dsDNA/HAp‐PVA/GCE with about 2 μg of DNA samples.     

固定化细菌降解苯酚的研究

通过驯化、筛选和富集,从温州某印染厂的生化曝气池下水道的活性污泥中分离得到一株高效降解苯酚的细菌,初步确定为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas sp．）。该菌株能以苯酚为唯一碳源。最高耐酚浓度为1000mg／L。并采用海藻酸钙对该菌进行固定化。同时研究了不同条件如培养温度、pH、转速、供氧等对固定化细胞降解苯酚的影响。实验结果表明：最佳温度35℃、pH5．0、转速120r／min,在有氧条件下,24h内对100mg／L苯酚降解率可达99％以上。     

挛缩膝关节髌韧带应力松弛及蠕变特性的实验研究

探讨兔挛缩膝关节髌韧带的应力松弛和蠕变特性。通过将兔膝关节伸直位制动６周,复制伸直型挛缩膝关节动物模型,然后分别在３７℃、４２℃的条件下,对正常组和制动组髌韧带行应力松弛和蠕变试验。正常组和制动组髌韧带均表现出较明显的应力松弛和蠕变现象;无论是正常组还是制动组,３７℃与４２℃之间髌韧带的最大应力松弛率和最大蠕变率均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,制动组４２℃髌韧带的最大蠕变率较正常组４２℃有显著性增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）。１．髌韧带的这种应力松弛和蠕变特性从机制上解释了牵引、夹板等疗法在挛缩关节康复治疗中的有效性;２．３７℃和４２℃的温差对髌韧带的最大应力松弛率和最大蠕变率均无显著影响