模拟增温对紫金牛光响应和生物量分配的影响

本研究采用模拟增温的方式,探讨了全球气候变暖对阴生植物紫金牛光响应和生物量分配的影响。结果表明：模拟增温显著提高了紫金牛的光补偿点和叶绿素含量,而对最大净光合速、饱和光强和暗呼吸速率等参数无显著影响。模拟增温显著增加了紫金牛的分株数,增幅达25％;但对株高无显著影响。增温还导致紫金牛的总生物量、地上生物量显著增加,根冠比显著降低。其中叶和地上茎的生物量（干重）增幅分别达到35．54％和31．60％,生物量（鲜重）增幅分别达到25．3％和18．9％。     

Determination of Four Volatile Compounds with Anti-Inflammatory Biological Activity in Houttuynia chordata Thunb. by Gas Chromatography and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

An analytical procedure was developed for the determination of four volatile components with anti-inflammatory biological activity in Houttuynia cordata Thunb. by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Four compounds (α-pinene, β-myrcene, 1-decanol and 2-undecanone) were selected as analytes because they are common major constituents in volatile compositions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb Anti-inflammatory efficacy in vivo suggested that the four compounds provided inhibitory effects on xylene-induced ear edema formation in a dose-dependent manner. The four compounds were determined by gas chromatography in mouse serum after oral administration of volatile oil and water distillate liquid of Houttuynia cordata Thunb Related chromatographic conditions were investigated and selected. A good separation of the four compounds and internal standard was achieved. The method reflected the quality of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. and its preparations.     

缬草属两种一变种过氧化物酶同工酶研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了贵州缬草属两种一变种的过氧化的酶同工酶。结果表明，１．宽叶缬草Ｖａｌｅｒｉａｎａ ｏｆｆｉｃｉｎａｌｉｓＬ． ｖａｒ．ｌａｔｉｆｏｌｉａ Ｍｉｑ。过氧化物酶酶谱带４条，缬草Ｖ．ｏｆｆｉｃｉｎａｌｉｓ Ｌ．３条，蜘蛛香Ｖ．ｊａｔａｍａｎｓｉｉ Ｊｏｎｅｓ １条。２．它们的酶谱带共有５条，其中第２第为共有谱带；３．蜘蛛香与宽叶缬草，缬草的酶谱差异大。     

超临界CO_2萃取金银花挥发油及其成分分析

采用超临界CO_2萃取金银花挥发油,通过单因素试验和正交试验考察萃取条件对挥发油得率的影响,确定最佳萃取工艺;对萃取产物进行GC-MS分析.结果表明,SFE最佳萃取条件为:萃取压力45 Mpa,萃取温度45℃,CO_2流量4L/min,萃取得率2.068 7%,产物为淡黄色至淡绿色膏状物;产物经GC-MS分析,共检测出57种成分,其中脂肪酸、烷烃和脂类成分最多,占总检出成分的82.41%.结论:优化SFE萃取条件可提高得率,使金银花挥发油成分增多.     

紫萁不同器官、不同生长期黄酮含量比较研究

采集同一环境不同生长时期的紫萁,经过杀青、烘干、粉碎、脱脂、乙醇浸提,再用亚硝酸钠一石肯酸铝比色法测定紫萁各部位的黄酮含量。结果表明：在同一生长期,根状茎的黄酮含量较高,其次是叶片;在同一部位,黄酮化合物的含量随生长期变化。     

植物激素对半夏种子的发芽影响研究

为了探索植物激素对半夏种子的发芽影响,为半夏的品种选育和遗传改良提供技术参考,采用不同浓度的赤霉素(GA)、奈乙酸(NAA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2-4-D)处半夏种子的方法研究了GA、NAA、IAA、2-4-D对半夏种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数。研究结果表明:一定浓度的GA、NAA、IAA、2-4-D对半夏种子的发芽率、发芽势、活力指数均具有一定的促进作用,当NAA处理浓度为50ppm时,半夏种子的发芽率可提高20%;当NAA处理浓度为75%时,半夏种子的发芽势可提高20%;当IAA处理浓度为50ppm时,半夏种子活力指数可提高1.05。     

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Polyphenols from Ilex latifolia Using Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity

The polyphenolic extract of Ilex latifolia (PEIL) exhibits a variety of biological activities. An evaluation of the parameters influencing the ultrasonic extraction process and the assessment of PEIL antioxidant activity are presented herein. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the experimental conditions for the polyphenols ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) from the leaves of Ilex latifolia. We identified the following optimal conditions of PEIL: ethanol concentration of 53%, extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction time of 26 min and liquid–solid ratio of 60 mL/g. Using these parameters, the UAE had a yield of 35.77 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g, similar to the value we predicted using RSM (35.864 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant activity of PEIL was assessed in vitro, using various assays, as well as in vivo. We tested the effects of various doses of PEIL on D-galactose induced aging. Vitamin C (Vc) was used as positive control. After 21 days of administration, we measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in mouse serum and liver tissue. The results demonstrated that the PEIL exhibits potent radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrythydrazyl (DPPH∙), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS⁺), and hydroxyl (∙OH) radicals. The serum concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher, and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging group (p < 0.01), and the activity of MDA was lower than those of the model group (p < 0.01). The liver concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px were higher (p < 0.05), and MDA levels were lower, in the medium- and high-dose PEIL-treated groups than those in the aging control group (p < 0.01). These results suggest that optimizing the conditions of UAE using RSM could significantly increase the yield of PEIL extraction. PEIL possesses strong antioxidant activity and use as a medicine or functional food could be further investigated.     

Triterpene Saponins from the Leaves of Ilex pernyi

Eight new triterpene saponins, ilexpernosides C–J ( 1 – 8 , resp.), and eight known triterpene saponins were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of the leaves of Ilex pernyi. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data and chemical degradation.     

食用药百合组织培养及其多倍体诱导研究

对食用药百合进行了组织培养和多倍体诱导研究。以百合的鳞片和正在生长的茎尖作为外植体,采用MS培养基作为基本培养基,设置不同浓度激素研究组织培养快繁的最佳方法;在离体培养条件下,初步比较了不同浓度的秋水仙素处理百合的诱变效果。结果表明：在温度25±2℃,光照15h/d,光照强度2000lx,培养基中加蔗糖30g/L、琼脂8g/L、pH5.8培养条件下,鳞片诱导的最适培养基为MS＋6-BA1.5mg/L＋NAA0.2mg/L,茎尖不定芽诱导的最适培养基为MS＋6-BA1.5mg/L＋NAA0.1mg/L,生根的最适培养基为1/2MS＋KT0.1mg/L＋NAA0.2mg/L;0.05%的秋水仙素处理12h诱变效果最佳,诱变率高达40%。     

A High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Method for the Analysis of the Natural Medicine,Forsythia Suspensa

Samples of Forsythia suspensa from raw (Laoqiao) and ripe (Qingqiao) fruit were analyzed with the use of HPLC-DAD and the EIS-MS techniques. Seventeen peaks were detected, and of these, twelve were identified. Most were related to the glucopyranoside molecular fragment. Samples collected from three geographical areas (Shanxi, Henan and Shandong Provinces), were discriminated with the use of hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), discriminant analysis (DA), and principal component analysis (PCA) models, but only PCA was able to provide further information about the relationships between objects and loadings; eight peaks were related to the provinces of sample origin. The supervised classification models-K-nearest neighbor (KNN), least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM), and counter propagation artificial neural network (CP-ANN) methods, indicated successful classification but KNN produced 100% classification rate. Thus, the fruit were discriminated on the basis of their places of origin.