Numerical analysis of conservative unstructured discretisations for low Mach flows

Unstructured meshes allow easily representing complex geometries and to refine in regions of interest without adding control volumes in unnecessary regions. However, numerical schemes used on unstructured grids have to be properly defined in order to minimise numerical errors. An assessment of a low Mach algorithm for laminar and turbulent flows on unstructured meshes using collocated and staggered formulations is presented. For staggered formulations using cell‐centred velocity reconstructions, the standard first‐order method is shown to be inaccurate in low Mach flows on unstructured grids. A recently proposed least squares procedure for incompressible flows is extended to the low Mach regime and shown to significantly improve the behaviour of the algorithm. Regarding collocated discretisations, the odd–even pressure decoupling is handled through a kinetic energy conserving flux interpolation scheme. This approach is shown to efficiently handle variable‐density flows. Besides, different face interpolations schemes for unstructured meshes are analysed. A kinetic energy‐preserving scheme is applied to the momentum equations, namely, the symmetry‐preserving scheme. Furthermore, a new approach to define the far‐neighbouring nodes of the quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics scheme is presented and analysed. The method is suitable for both structured and unstructured grids, either uniform or not. The proposed algorithm and the spatial schemes are assessed against a function reconstruction, a differentially heated cavity and a turbulent self‐igniting diffusion flame. It is shown that the proposed algorithm accurately represents unsteady variable‐density flows. Furthermore, the quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics scheme shows close to second‐order behaviour on unstructured meshes, and the symmetry‐preserving is reliably used in all computations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

摇摆显示装置图形界面的设计与实现

设计了一种新型＂助降灯臂＂的图形界面,它通过2台大屏幕显示器来中心对称地显示角度指针光带,从而精确地指示横摇角度.设计在基于TMS320C6416双通道视频显示系统的基础上进行,采用了硬件上实现效率较高的改进的Bresenham多点直线生成算法,用C语言分别对左向和右向指针屏幕进行了编制了相应的直线生成程序,并给出了结果,实现了横摇指示的可视化.     

一种改进型遗传算法的网格工作流调度研究

用有向无环图表示的网格工作流调度问题是一种典型的NP-完全问题,因而,有效的调度算法是必不可少的。为解决这一问题,提出了一种改进型的遗传算法。运用适应度差的染色体与最优个体进行二级优先杂交和变异,不仅保障了种群的多样性,也提高了种群的收敛速度。采用Gridsim工具进行模拟后,证实该算法较标准的遗传算法更适用、更有效。     

优化MGM(1,n)模型及其应用研究

从最小二乘估计的适用条件出发,在建立MGM(1,n)模型前,先采用BoxCox变换对原始数据进行变换,以解决或缓解误差项的正态性偏离问题.首先,以模型拟合平均误差最小化为目标,建立非线性优化模型,在参数的置信区间内,应用PSO(Particle Swarm Optimization)算法求最优解.然后,应用求解得到的参数,建立优化MGM(1,n)模型.在实例分析中,将优化MGM(1,n)模型应用于深基坑围护结构变形预测,实验结果表明通过对原始数据做合适的Box-Cox变换,能够有效提高模型的拟合及预测精度,拓广多变量灰色预测模型的适用范围.     

含冲击的车内道路噪声主动控制系统

针对道路噪声主动控制系统中，冲击噪声引起的鲁棒性问题，提出了一种对冲击噪声的主动控制方法。首先，进行了道路噪声采集试验，选取了4个最佳参考信号位置，并采集了道路冲击噪声的数据。然后，基于多通道自适应滤波算法，提出了归一化多通道自适应滤波算法和符号算法相结合的冲击噪声主动控制算法。其次，基于提出的冲击噪声主动控制算法，搭建了道路噪声主动控制系统仿真模型，使用采集到的冲击噪声信号和加速度信号进行了仿真分析。最后，使用选取的4个加速度信号和1个扬声器，控制驾驶员处的道路噪声，进行了道路冲击噪声主动控制试验，验证了方法的有效性。与原有算法相比，该算法的稳定性和降噪效果得到了较大的提升。     

Implicit QR algorithms for palindromic and even eigenvalue problems

In the spirit of the Hamiltonian QR algorithm and other bidirectional chasing algorithms, a structure-preserving variant of the implicit QR algorithm for palindromic eigenvalue problems is proposed. This new palindromic QR algorithm is strongly backward stable and requires less operations than the standard QZ algorithm, but is restricted to matrix classes where a preliminary reduction to structured Hessenberg form can be performed. By an extension of the implicit Q theorem, the palindromic QR algorithm is shown to be equivalent to a previously developed explicit version. Also, the classical convergence theory for the QR algorithm can be extended to prove local quadratic convergence. We briefly demonstrate how even eigenvalue problems can be addressed by similar techniques. D. S. Watkins partly supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through Matheon, the DFG Research Center Mathematics for key technologies in Berlin.     

图书馆读者细分模型的分析与建立

由于单一的读者属性细分方式很难满足个性化服务的需要,提出了4种不同的细分方式,利用系统聚类算法建立了图书馆读者细分模型,并通过大量图书馆流通数据的训练,验证了模型的有效性和实用性.     

OPTW的两阶段网络优化算法

以组合最优化问题中的定向问题为原型,结合它的新一类变形问题包括网络磁盘故障修复问题、制药销售员问题和垃圾回收车路线问题等进行分析,建立网络上有时间窗口限制的定向问题的数学模型,利用两阶段算法原理的思想,设计一种网络上满足时间窗口限制的定向问题求解算法,进行实例验证.结果表明该算法易于实现、且收益增幅明显等优点,为一类网络上有时间窗口限制的最优化问题提供新的求解算法.     

基于DV-Hop误差修正的煤矿井下人员定位算法

为了提高无线传感器网络的节点定位精度,提出了基于DV-Hop误差修正的质心定位算法.针对煤矿井下巷道的线型结构,首先提出信标节点以均匀间隔交叉分布的模型,再根据各个信标节点平均每跳的距离误差以及平均每跳的单位距离误差,对离未知节点最近的3个信标节点之间的距离进行2次修正,最后利用3圆交点的质心定位算法进行定位.仿真结果表明,该算法比目前的定位精度提高1m左右,比较适合煤矿井下这种特定的线型结构.     

From C58 to C62 and back: Stability,structural similarity,and ring current

An increasing number of observations show that non‐classical isomers may play an important role in the formation of fullerenes and their exo‐ and endo‐derivatives. A quantum‐mechanical study of all classical isomers of C₅₈, C₆₀, and C₆₂, and all non‐classical isomers with at most one square or heptagonal face, was carried out. Calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31G* level show that the favored isomers of C₅₈, C₆₀, and C₆₂ have closely related structures and suggest plausible inter‐conversion and growth pathways among low‐energy isomers. Similarity of the favored structures is reinforced by comparison of calculated ring currents induced on faces of these polyhedral cages by radial external magnetic fields, implying patterns of magnetic response similar to those of the stable, isolated‐pentagon C₆₀ molecule. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.