A concise enantioselective synthesis of l-(−)-733,061 and (2S,3S)-methyl 3-aminopiperidine-2-carboxylate using catalytic enantioselective aza-Henry reaction as key step

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of l-(−)-733,061 and (2S,3S)-methyl 3-aminopiperidine-2-carboxylate is accomplished by means of catalytic enantioselective aza-Henry reaction. A key feature of this protocol is organocatalysis as genesis of chirality to ensure high degree of distereo- and enantiocontrol.     

Motif structure and cooperation in real-world complex networks

Networks of dynamical nodes serve as generic models for real-world systems in many branches of science ranging from mathematics to physics, technology, sociology and biology. Collective behavior of agents interacting over complex networks is important in many applications. The cooperation between selfish individuals is one of the most interesting collective phenomena. In this paper we address the interplay between the motifs’ cooperation properties and their abundance in a number of real-world networks including yeast protein-protein interaction, human brain, protein structure, email communication, dolphins’ social interaction, Zachary karate club and Net-science coauthorship networks. First, the amount of cooperativity for all possible undirected subgraphs with three to six nodes is calculated. To this end, the evolutionary dynamics of the Prisoner’s Dilemma game is considered and the cooperativity of each subgraph is calculated as the percentage of cooperating agents at the end of the simulation time. Then, the three- to six-node motifs are extracted for each network. The significance of the abundance of a motif, represented by a Z-value, is obtained by comparing them with some properly randomized versions of the original network. We found that there is always a group of motifs showing a significant inverse correlation between their cooperativity amount and Z-value, i.e. the more the Z-value the less the amount of cooperativity. This suggests that networks composed of well-structured units do not have good cooperativity properties.     

基于软件无线电的调频立体声激励器的设计与实现

与传统采用模拟方式实现调制解调技术相比,全程数字化处理的调制器对信号处理的精度以及设备稳定性都有很大的提高.笔者在自行开发基于DSP FPGA DDS(带有IQ调制通道)结构的通用数字调制平台上,采用正交调制的方式实现了全数字调频激励器,这样避免了使用模拟方式造成的射频输出稳定性和同一性的下降,同时由于带有IQ调制通道的DDS对采样频率的内插提升,射频输出也无需再附加复杂的跟踪滤波器.     

Widely linear equalization for IQ imbalance contaminated multicarrier systems

In a multicarrier modulated (MCM) wireless communication system, the received bandpass signal is downconverted to the baseband signal for ease of receive processing. During downconversion, a slight mismatch in the amplitude and phase of locally generated sinusoidal signal in the In-Phase and Quadrature (IQ) branches of downconverter results in IQ imbalance of the baseband signal. The IQ imbalance leads to mirror interference between subcarriers of an MCM system and degrades the performance. To compensate for the effects of IQ imbalance, this paper presents widely linear minimum mean square error (WL-MMSE) based equalization technique and compares it with the traditionally used linear minimum mean square error (L-MMSE) based equalization technique. A performance comparison between WL-MMSE and L-MMSE based estimation techniques in terms of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) suggests that the former outperforms the latter in the presence of IQ imbalance.     

贡布里希对原始主义的描述

2001年11月著名艺术史学家贡布里希在英国逝世,2002年贡氏遗作《对原始性的偏爱》出版,也成为其艺术史研究的盖棺定论之作。在这本书中,贡布里希通过对儿童及未受正规学院教育学生绘画的研究,总结了一种可称作＂原始的＂艺术图式,其特征可归纳为两点,即＂最低限度模式＂及＂基线模式＂。通过对它们的研究,为之后研究贡布里希对现代艺术的否定态度提供了最基础的依据。     

国家关键交通网络的基元结构与系综特征

基于复杂网络模体和超家族辨识方法,辨析国家关键交通网络的基元结构特性和系综特征.研究表明交通网络模体应表述为受到成本、技术和空间约束下,适应网络功能设计和建设,预先明确的、非随机的特定结构形式.阐述了交通地理网和服务网的4节点子图浓度分布的异同,进一步基于4节点子图比剖面阐明了关键交通网络的家族分类和属性特征.     

基于迁徙策略的PSO集成及其在序列模体识别中的应用

对优化问题和游牧民族迁徙行为的比较研究表明,两者存在相似之处,文中模拟了游牧民族迁徙机制,提出了一种迁徙策略,并且与粒子群优化算法相结合,提高了算法摆脱局部极值的能力,通过集成技术,充分发挥各种粒子群优化算法的优点,实现协同演化,提高了算法的全局搜索能力。最后应用于求解计算分子生物学中的一个复杂问题——生物序列模体识别,实验表明,该算法是有效的。