癌基因AVIL在肝癌中的表达及其预后分析

为探究Advillin(AVIL)基因在肝细胞癌(HCC)中的表达水平及其与患者临床特征、预后的关系,回顾性收集76例肝细胞癌患者的癌及配对癌旁组织,利用免疫组化法对AVIL蛋白表达水平进行检测;采用χ~2检验分析AVIL表达差异与患者临床特征的关系,运用Kaplan-Meier进行生存分析,并通过Cox单因素及多因素探索影响患者生存预后的相关因素。结果表明:AVIL在肝细胞癌组织中高表达(P0.01),其表达水平与BCLC分期及Edmondson分级有关(P0.05);AVIL高表达患者的生存时间显著低于低表达患者(P0.05);Cox单因素法提示AVIL表达水平、BCLC分期、肿瘤大小、有无癌栓、有无多灶性、甲胎蛋白(AFP)表达水平、谷草转氨酶(AST)表达水平、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)表达水平、有无肝外转移与肝细胞癌患者预后相关(P0.05);然而Cox多因素法提示AVIL表达水平并不是预测肝细胞癌患者预后的一个独立因素(P0.05)。综上可知,AVIL基因在HCC中高表达并与BCLC分期及Edmondson分级有关,其高表达提示肿瘤恶性程度高、预后不良,但AVIL不作为影响肝癌预后的独立因素,研究结果为寻找肝细胞癌诊断及判断预后的分子标志物提供了新的方向。     

血管内皮生长因子、微血管密度与大肠癌浸润转移及预后的关系

大肠癌是最常见消化道肿瘤之一,大多数大肠癌患者多死于肿瘤的转移与扩散,而血管新生是大肠癌恶性演变过程中最重要的环节之一,血管内皮生长因子能特异性作用于血管内皮细胞,促进其有丝分裂,使部分血管形成和增加血管通透性,在大肠癌的生长、浸润和转移过程中发挥重要作用.     

肝细胞肝癌临床病理研究

目的 对９２例肝细胞肝癌进行临床病理资料分析,为肝细胞肝癌临床诊断提供一些有价值的资料。方法与结果 组织病理研究结果为肝癌组织分型以小梁型为主（６６例）,假腺型（１２例）、实体型（１４例）较少见。组织分化程度以Ⅱ、Ⅲ级多见,而Ⅰ、Ⅳ级较少。生存率研究结果表明,肝细胞癌与肿瘤大小、有无被膜、肿瘤数目及肿瘤组织分级有关;与性别、肝硬化、分型无关。结论 肝细胞癌在临床病理上以小梁型、中等分化程度多见,肿     

重组腺病毒Canstatin对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖影响的研究

为研究重组腺病毒Canstatin感染人肝癌HepG2细胞及细胞转染后Canstatin在HepG2细胞中的表达,探讨Canstatin基因对人肝癌HepG2细胞生长增殖的影响。采用不同感染复数(MOI=10、40、80)的腺病毒Ad-Canstatin-GFP感染HepG2细胞,倒置荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态,流式检测感染效率,Real-Time PCR和Western blot法检测HepG2细胞中Canstatin mRNA和蛋白表达。CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力的变化,Western blot法检测细胞中PCNA蛋白的表达。结果显示MOI为40时,72 h感染率可达到98.9%,HepG2细胞中Canstatin mRNA和蛋白表达均高于对照组和空载体组(P0.05)。HepG2细胞感染Ad-Canstatin腺病毒后生长增殖受到抑制(P0.05),且PCNA的表达低于对照组(P0.05)。由此可知,Canstatin抑制人肝癌HepG2细胞的生长增殖有作用可能与影响PCNA的表达有关。     

ICG and Sunitinib-loaded NH2-MOFs for Folate-mediated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Dual-modal Therapy

This research investigated a novel folic acid(FA)-modified zirconium core metal-organic framework(MOF) Uio-66 as a nanocarrier to deliver indocyanine green(ICG) and Sunitinib to cancer cells for combination therapy. Platinum-loaded Uio-66 nanoparticles(Pu) were synthesized via a one-pot method, followed by the modification with FA on their surfaces. This afforded FPu that enabled subsequent loading of ICG and Sunitinib to achieve dual-modal cancer therapy. Drug loading/release test and singlet oxygen detection were also conducted in vitro, and the nanoparticles showed considerable drug loading efficiency for both ICG and Sunitinib, coupled with a high singlet oxygen generation rate. Specifically, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency of Sunitinib were 2.30% and 72.67%, while those for ICG were 2.87% and 90.28%, respectively. Additionally, cytotoxicity test on HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cancer cell line revealed that the fully functional nanoparticles possess excellent biocompatibility and as such could be further investigated as a potential drug delivery system for effectual carcinoma cancer treatment.     

Development of lactobionic acid conjugated-copper chelators as anticancer candidates for hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatic copper deposition leads to metabolic disorders, rapid increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and even the occurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Copper chelation or copper transporter inhibition have already been developed into an effective method to control the canceration of hepatocytes and kill the hepatocarcinoma cells. Here, we designed three novel lactobionic acid conjugated copper chelators (GT1, 9 and 10), which have the potential to be recognized by asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), a high-capacity C-type lectin receptor selectively expressed in liver. Both GT1, 9 and 10 can selectively and efficiently coordinate with copper in solution and in the high-copper treated hepatocellular carcinomas model (HC HepG2 cells). The thiosemicarbazone-based chelator GT1 should more effectively eliminate copper and promote apoptosis of HC HepG2 cells, which might have application prospects in preventing cancerization and other pathological lesions caused by copper deposition of liver. Moreover, our results also revealed the potential of GT1 to be harnessed as preventive leading structures of the hepatocellular carcinomas.     

Delivery of triptolide with reduction-sensitive polymer nanoparticles for liver cancer therapy on patient-derived xenografts models

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the fourth predominant cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and HCC is still one of the worst prognoses for survival as it is poorly responsive to both chemotherapy and surgical treatment due to drug resistance and great toxic effects. Triptolide (TP), a key ingredient from the traditional Chinese medical herb, has been utilized to treat inflammation and antitumor for centuries. However, investigations of this potent agent have been met with only limited success due to the severe systemic toxicities in patients and low water solubility as well as its high toxicity over the past two decades. Herein, we reported the development of a reduction-responsive drug delivery system loaded with TP for glutathione (GSH)-triggered drug release for cancer therapy. With the GSH-sensitive TP loaded nanoparticles, the remarkable increases in tumor accumulation and amelioration of drug toxicity in animals are demonstrated, which is likely due to sustained stepwise release of active TP within cancer cells. Moreover, in a patient-derived tumor xenograft model of liver cancer, administration of tritolide nanoparticles enhances the antitumor efficacy relative to administration of free TP. These findings indicate that GSH-sensitive release of TP may be a promising strategy for cancer treatment.     

Meta-analysis of gene expression for development and validation of a diagnostic biomarker panel for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

We use a newly developed feature extraction and classification method to analyze previously published gene expression data sets in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and in healthy oral mucosa in order to find a gene set sufficient for diagnoses. The feature selection technology is based on the relative dichotomy power concept published by us earlier. The resulting biomarker panel has 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity, is enriched in genes associated with oncogenesis and invasive tumor growth, and, unlike marker panels devised in earlier studies, shows concordance with previously published marker genes.     

Biological effects of combined ultrasound and cisplatin treatment on ovarian carcinoma cells

The effects of low-power ultrasound, the anti-cancer drug cisplatin, and their combined application were studied in two lines of human ovarian carcinoma cells, A2780 and A2780cis. Four modes of treatment were used: exposure to ultrasonic field, application of cisplatin, exposure to ultrasound followed by cisplatin, and presence of cisplatin followed by exposure to application ultrasound. Ultrasound was used at intensities of 0.5 W/cm² and 1.0 W/cm² for 10 min, cisplatin was applied at concentrations of 1 μM and 6 μM per cell suspension treated in A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780cis cells, respectively. The results of each experimental treatment were assessed by the resultant cell viability related to the viability of control cells, using a standard MTT test. It was shown that a combined effect of ultrasound and cisplatin was more effective than that of ultrasound or cisplatin alone. It also appeared that the order of application played a role, with the cisplatin-ultrasound treatment lowering cell viability more than the ultrasound-cisplatin treatment. It can be assumed that the exposure of cells to a low-power ultrasonic field has an immediate effect on the structure of cell surfaces and, consequently, on entry of cisplatin into the cell.The study also included observations on changes in the cell cycle associated with the treatments used in both cell lines and their evaluation by flow cytometry.     

The use of T2*-weighted multi-echo GRE imaging as a novel method to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma compared with gadolinium-enhanced MRI: a feasibility study

Background

The goal of the study was to assess a T2*-weighted MRI sequence for the ability to identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

Hepatic iron deposition, which is common in chronic liver disease (CLD), may increase the conspicuity of HCC on GRE imaging due to increased T2* signal decay in liver parenchyma. In this study, a breath-hold T2*-weighted MRI sequence was evaluated by a blinded observer for HCC and the results compared to a reference standard of gadolinium-enhanced MRI in these same patients. Forty-one patients (mean age 56.2 years; 17 females) were included in this approved, retrospective study.

Results

By the reference standard, 14 of 41 patients had a total of 25 HCCs. The sensitivity of the T2*-weighted MR sequence for identifying HCC, per lesion, was 60%, while the specificity was 100%. There was a significantly lower T2* value of liver parenchyma in patients with HCC identified by the T2*-weighted sequence than in those with HCCs which were not identified by the T2*-weighted sequence (27.8±2.2 vs. 21.9±2.1 ms; P=.02).

Conclusions

A T2*-weighted MRI sequence can identify HCC in patients with CLD. This technique may be beneficial for imaging of patients contraindicated for gadolinium.