全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16453篇 |
免费 | 1490篇 |
国内免费 | 2205篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 10636篇 |
晶体学 | 116篇 |
力学 | 353篇 |
综合类 | 108篇 |
数学 | 252篇 |
物理学 | 2484篇 |
综合类 | 6199篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 84篇 |
2023年 | 219篇 |
2022年 | 549篇 |
2021年 | 625篇 |
2020年 | 844篇 |
2019年 | 649篇 |
2018年 | 484篇 |
2017年 | 504篇 |
2016年 | 578篇 |
2015年 | 615篇 |
2014年 | 777篇 |
2013年 | 1120篇 |
2012年 | 1055篇 |
2011年 | 867篇 |
2010年 | 659篇 |
2009年 | 810篇 |
2008年 | 774篇 |
2007年 | 964篇 |
2006年 | 923篇 |
2005年 | 850篇 |
2004年 | 832篇 |
2003年 | 734篇 |
2002年 | 677篇 |
2001年 | 515篇 |
2000年 | 486篇 |
1999年 | 361篇 |
1998年 | 316篇 |
1997年 | 300篇 |
1996年 | 273篇 |
1995年 | 298篇 |
1994年 | 254篇 |
1993年 | 216篇 |
1992年 | 184篇 |
1991年 | 138篇 |
1990年 | 120篇 |
1989年 | 101篇 |
1988年 | 107篇 |
1987年 | 83篇 |
1986年 | 42篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
51.
晋江市潮间带底质,生物体中重金属含量及其分布特征 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
蔡阿根 《厦门大学学报(自然科学版)》1998,37(4):569-575
研究福建省晋江市潮间带底质、生物体内重金属含量的分布特征及其主要影响因素.结果表明:表层底质重金属除总Hg之外,Cu、Pb、Cd和总Cr含量在河口、半封闭海湾明显高于紧临台湾海峡的海湾及开敞海区,并且,近年来底质的这些重金属含量大多数呈递增趋势;底质的重金属除总Hg之外,其他的含量都与底质类型及有机质含量有较好的相关性;3种经济贝类对重金属的富集能力分别为:牡蛎,缢蛏和蛤对Cu的富集系数分别为n×104,n×103和n×103;3种贝类对Pd和Cd的富集系数均为n×102. 相似文献
52.
气相生长碳纤维的制备 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以苯和氢气为原料在石墨,陶瓷等基板表面催化热解制取低成本,高性能的气相生长碳纤维(VGCF),实验考察了催化剂类热解温度、热解时间,苯带入量,载气,基板材料等参数对VGCF生长情况及性能的影响,并提出了碳纤维的生长机理。结果表明,在合适条件下,用直接播种法制得的VGCF直径为0.7 ̄10μm,长度为1 ̄5μm,采用金属原子溅射沉积的基板可得到均匀稠密的VGCF,直径为3 ̄80μm,碳纤维的生长过程 相似文献
53.
Polymer enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) is a newly developed method for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. This method was applied for the removal of mercury and cadmium with the presence of polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a water soluble polymer. After ultrafiltration experiments for metal–polymer mixtures, two separate streams, namely, retentate and permeate, former of which contains mainly metal–polymer complex and free polymer molecules while latter of which mainly contains free metal ions, were obtained. At the end of PEUF experiments, performance of operation was determined by concentration analyses which was achieved by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) applied in a different way for permeate and retentate streams considering the effect of presence of polymer. For mercury analysis, cold vapor AAS was applied. It was observed that the presence of PEI did not affect the atomic absorption signal when 10% HCl was added to the sample solutions. For calcium and cadmium, flame AAS was used. It was observed that change in PEI concentration results in change in measured concentration of calcium and cadmium. Therefore, two new approaches were developed for accurate measurement of concentrations of calcium and cadmium. It was also observed that presence of other metals did not affect the accuracy of the measurement of a particular metal in the concentration range studied. 相似文献
54.
55.
The standard potentialss
E
o of M/M+ (M=Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs) electrodes in aqueous urea solutions containing 12, 20, 30 and 37% by weight of urea have been determined at 25°C from emf measurements on the cell M(Hg)/MCl (m), solvent/AgCl–Ag, from the activities of metals in amalgams by use of a similar type of cell in water, and from the values ofs
E
o of the Ag/AgCl electrode determined earlier. The standard free energies of transfer of MCl, G
t
o
(MCl), from water to the mixed solvents, computed by use of these values and those for the Ag–AgCl electrode, rise sharply from Li+ to Na+ but fall from Na+ to K+ and rather sharply from K+ to Cs+ with a maximum at Na+ in all the solvent compositions. This has been attributed to the superimposition of soft-soft interactions on the electrostatic interactions between the ions and the negative charge centers of the possible hydrogen-bonded solvent complexes in the mixed solvents. Comparison of G
t
o
(i) values for individual ions, obtained by a simultaneous extrapolation procedure, with those in aqueous mixtures of methanol,t-butanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide leads to the conclusion that the solvation of these ions in all these solvents is chiefly dictated by the acid-base type of ion-solvent interactions. 相似文献
56.
James V. Crivello Mingxin Fan 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(1):31-39
In the presence of Si? H containing cocatalysts, dicobaltoctacarbonyl has been found to very efficiently catalyze the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ethers, especially epoxides, as well as certain vinyl monomers. The reaction conditions employed are very similar to those used in Co2(CO)8 catalyzed hydrogenation and hydrosilylation reactions. Detailed investigations have been carried out to elucidate the nature of the active species for this catalytic system. A cationic mechanism is proposed based on the experimental results of those investigations. 相似文献
57.
Triethylbenzylammonium chlorometallates [Et3NCH2Ph][MCln]m? (M = Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Fe, Co, Cu, m = 1–3, n = 3–6), polymer-anchored ionic metal complexes [?—CH2PBu3][MCln]n? and some other chlorometallates and complexes of platinum, rhodium, ruthenium and osmium were studied as catalysts in the hydrogermylation of phenylacetylene with triethylgermane. All the complexes containing platinum, palladium and rhodium were found to be effective catalysts. The cis/trans ratio of the products obtained is determined by the metal atom involved and decreases in the following order: Ir > Rh ? Pd > Pt. 相似文献
58.
羧甲基壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇/甘油环氧树脂蛇笼型复合螯合膜的制备及对金属离子的吸附性能 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以交联甘油环氧树脂交联的聚乙烯醇(PVA)为笼树脂,羧甲基壳聚糖(CCTS)为蛇树脂制备了具有蛇笼结构的复合螯合膜,研究了其对Cu^2 、Ni^2 、Pb^2 、Fe^3 、Zn^2 ,Hg”^2 、Cd^2 等金属离子的吸附性能,研究表明,该树脂对Cu^2 、Ni^2 、Pb^2 有较好的吸附性能,其中PVA是对Cu^2 的吸附的主要贡献者,而CCTS则是在对Ni^2 的吸附中起主要作用。该树脂可以用于含Cu^2 废水的处理。 相似文献
59.
Jason R McCarthyPatricia J Melfi Steven H CapettaChristian Brückner 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(46):9137-9146
The use of AgII as a removable template in synthetic porphyrin chemistry is described. Mild procedures for the insertion of AgII into chlorins and the demetallation of the [chlorinato]AgII complexes are delineated. The UV-vis spectra of the novel [chlorinato]AgII complexes are discussed. The diol cleavage products of [meso-tetraphenyl-2,3-diolchlorinato]silver(II) under a number of conditions are characterized and compared to those resulting from the cleavage of the corresponding free base diol chlorin or its NiII complex, highlighting the unique templating effect of AgII. The scopes and limits of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the analysis of AgII chlorins is described. The use of AgII as a templating metal is superior over NiII or ZnII for the preparation of free base pyrrole-modified porphyrins along metal templated pathways. 相似文献
60.
V. A. D’yakonov R. K. Timerkhanov A. G. Ibragimov U. M. Dzhemilev 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2007,56(11):2232-2235
Catalytic cycloalumination of cyclonona-1,2-diene upon treatment with Et3Al and EtAlCl2 in the presence of Cp2ZrCl2, leading to 10-ethyl-10-aluminabicyclo[7.3.01,9]dodec-8-ene (1) and 11-ethyl-11-aluminatricyclo[10.7.01,12.02,10]nonadeca-9,12-diene, respectively, was accomplished in high yields. A possibility for the selective transformation of compound
1 to 1-allyl-9-(pent-4-enyl)cyclonon-1-ene and 10-hydroxybicyclo[7.3.01,9]dodec-8-ene in one preparative step was demonstrated.
Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2156–2159, November, 2007. 相似文献