舌癌患者19例围手术期的护理

目的：探讨舌癌患者围手术期的护理方法.方法：对19例舌癌患者在手术前、手术后进行观察、分析,制定周密的护理计划、进行有效的护患沟通、持续的心理护理以及针对性的护理措施.结果：本组19例舌癌患者均疗效满意.结论：积极做好舌癌患者围手术期的护理,是确保手术成功、提高治愈率的重要环节.     

两岸职业安全卫生法比较研究

20世纪70年代世界各国掀起了制定职业安全卫生法的高潮,由于历史传统、文化背景的差异,各国的职业安全卫生法律、法令都强调同时保护雇员与保护雇主的权利,我国迄今为止在职业安全立法方面仍然是空白。但我国台湾地区的职业安全卫生法在保障雇员权利方面与任何国家都不同,它与其他所有的国家不同处在于整部法律中规制了雇员权利的至高无上性,而只字未提雇主的权利,这样规定彰显了对劳动者基本人权的高度重视。对于长期以来强调国家利益高于个人利益,集体利益高于个人利益,漠视对个体权利保护的立法体系,台湾地区的职业安全立法无疑为我们提供了一个成功的范本。     

从山科学到云科学:即将发生的科学革命和人才革命

信息技术的大规模应用和相关的认识、理念、规则、标准、方法、理论的一系列创新,形成了云科学。它改进、更新、提升了支配学术活动和科技运行的核心要素,使科研经费和科研资源得到充分合理的配置与高效利用,使得优秀人才能够及时胜出并充分发挥作用,学术活动和科技运行的效率及品质得到大幅提升,科技体制由此发生巨大变革,科学事业从工业时代全面进入信息时代。这是一场科学革命与人才革命,可称之为云科学革命。创建高层次创新人才特区是这场云科学革命的启动方案。     

实施“三生教育”主题班会 提升高校学生工作科学化水平

"三生教育"(生命教育、生存教育、生活教育)自2008年在云南省首创开展实施以来,有效地促进了学生主动、积极、健康地发展生命,树立正确的生存、生活观念.主题班会是学校进行思想政治教育的重要阵地和有效载体,有助于学生形成科学的世界观、人生观、价值观,同时也是提高班级凝聚力、提升班主任工作能力、有效促进学生成长成才的重要途径.将"三生教育"融入主题班会,探索主题班会开展途径的创新,将有效提高高校"三生教育"的实施成效,提升高校学生工作科学化水平.     

Application of the BASNEF Model in Safety Training in Automobile Manufacturing Plants

After controls, including engineering and management, the final way to control noise is to use hearing protection devices. Due to the lack of a standardized questionnaire regarding investigating workers’ use of hearing protection devices on the basis of the BASNEF behavioral model, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of health education based on the BASNEF model on the use of hearing protection devices in workers of an automobile manufacturing plant in Iran. This quasi-experimental and prospective intervention study was performed on 80 workers at an automobile manufacturing plant who are exposed to noise levels above 85 decibels and do not use hearing protection devices. In this study, 40 people working in a cast iron foundry were selected as the intervention group, and 40 working in aluminum casting were chosen as the control group. Questionnaires were analyzed at the beginning of the intervention and three months after the intervention in the intervention and control groups. There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups after the intervention in the area of knowledge. A significant correlation was observed between the intervention and control groups after the intervention program in all areas of the BASNEF educational model except behavioral intention. In this study, the effect of educational intervention on the use of hearing protection devices was investigated, and with the educational intervention, it was tried to get help from influential people and enabling factors in education based on the BASNEF model. The results showed that the educational intervention based on the BASNEF model can improve the knowledge of individuals in both the intervention and control groups.     

Simultaneous separation and identification of limonoids from citrus using liquid chromatography-collision-induced dissociation mass spectra

Limonoids are considered as potential cancer chemopreventive agents and are widely distributed in the Citrus genus as aglycones and glucosides. In the present study, reversed-phase HPLC coupled with CID mass spectra was developed for the simultaneous separation and identification of aglycones and glucosides of limonoids from citrus. Five aglycones such as limonin, deacetyl nomilin, ichangin, isolimonoic acid and nomilin were identified by positive ion CID MS/MS, whereas five glucosides, viz. limonin glucoside, isoobacunoic acid glucoside, obacunone glucoside, deacetyl nomilinic acid glucoside and nomilinic acid glucoside were analyzed by negative ion CID mass spectra. The developed method was successfully applied to complex citrus samples for the separation and identification of aglycones and glucosides. Citrus seeds were extracted with methanol and partially purified and analyzed by LC-CID mass spectra. The separation was achieved by C-18 column; eight limonoids were identified by comparing the retention times and mass spectral fragmentation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the identification of citrus limonoids using CID technique.     

Biosensors and rapid diagnostic tests on the frontier between analytical and clinical chemistry for biomolecular diagnosis of dengue disease: a review

The past decades have witnessed enormous technological improvements towards the development of simple, cost-effective and accurate rapid diagnostic tests for detection and identification of infectious pathogens. Among them is dengue virus, the etiologic agent of the mosquito-borne dengue disease, one of the most important emerging infectious pathologies of nowadays. Dengue fever may cause potentially deadly hemorrhagic symptoms and is endemic in the tropical and sub-tropical world, being also a serious threat to temperate countries in the developed world. Effective diagnostics for dengue should be able to discriminate among the four antigenically related dengue serotypes and fulfill the requirements for successful decentralized (point-of-care) testing in the harsh environmental conditions found in most tropical regions. The accurate identification of circulating serotypes is crucial for the successful implementation of vector control programs based on reliable epidemiological predictions. This paper briefly summarizes the limitations of the main conventional techniques for biomolecular diagnosis of dengue disease and critically reviews some of the most relevant biosensors and rapid diagnostic tests developed, implemented and reported so far for point-of-care testing of dengue infections. The invaluable contributions of microfluidics and nanotechnology encompass the whole paper, while evaluation concerns of rapid diagnostic tests and foreseen technological improvements in this field are also overviewed for the diagnosis of dengue and other infectious and tropical diseases as well.     

2009—2018年《化学教育》“问题讨论与思考”栏目分析与研究

以 2009—2018 年《化学教育》期刊“问题讨论与思考”栏目的载文为研究对象,采用系统查阅年度总目录与阅读原始文献相结合的方法,从载文的数量、内容、作者、引文等 4 个方面进行统计分析。发现近 10 年《化学教育》“问题讨论与思考”栏目的年均载文量为33篇;研究内容涉及化学知识讨论、教学讨论、实验探究、教材讨论、习题讨论等;载文作者所属地区、机构分布不均衡;研究方法以思辨和化学实验为主;作者之间的合作研究成为一种趋势;引文数量呈现逐渐增多的趋势。     

对如何促进学生学好物理化学网络课程的思考*

从《物理化学(上册)》的首个教学章节“热力学第一定律”出发,以“雨课堂”和“腾讯课堂”为教学平台,分析了学生应该如何适应从“线下教学”到“线上教学”的转变,扮演好“学生”在网络教学中的角色,并以学生的这些注意事项为切入点,论述了教师应该做出的相应转变,以求引导学生更高效地完成线上学习任务。     

体育教育中的思想品德教育

论述了在体育教学中进行思想品德教育的重要作用。基本表现为以下六个方面：爱国主义、集体主义教育；吃苦耐劳教育；遵纪守法，做社会好公民教育；培养劳动观念和爱护公物教育；拼搏竞争教育；人际交往教育。