日本黑褐蚁营养成分分析及两种脱水方法对其SOD、POD、CAT活力的影响

对日本黑褐蚁（Formica japonica Mottschulsky）进行营养成分分析,并对烘干脱水储藏法和冷冻脱水储藏法对其蛋白质及SOD、POD、CAT活力的影响进行了测定对比。结果显示：日本黑褐蚁中粗蛋白含量占鲜重的24.36%,粗脂肪为7.41%,总糖为0.62%,粗灰分为5.36%,粗蛋白占干重达63.6%。两种脱水储藏法对比,烘干脱水法比冷冻脱水法对其蛋白质及SOD、POD、CAT活力的损失更大。     

龟纹瓢虫对烟蚜的捕食功能反应及寻找效应

龟纹瓢虫雌虫和雄虫对烟蚜的功能反应符合 Holling II型模型 ,其模型分别为 Na=0 .835 0 N/(1 0 .0 10 4 N)和 Na=0 .92 2 6 N/(1 0 .16 0 1N) ,瓢虫捕食烟蚜的数量随烟蚜密度地增加而增加 ,但寻找效应随烟蚜密度地增加而降低。雌虫和雄虫的日最大捕食量和最佳寻找密度分别为 4 2 .0 9、38.6 7头和 7.75、7.31头。龟纹瓢虫寻找效应随自身密度地增加而降低 ,雌、雄虫的数学模型分别为 E=0 .372 9P-1.612 3和 E=0 .36 80 P-1.5786。雌、雄以及雌雄混合种群干扰反应的数学模型分别为 E=0 .84 6 6 P-2 .1892 、E=0 .7377P-2 .2 785和 E= 0 .6 118P-2 .173 4。     

三角涡虫雄性生殖管道的观察

涡虫在动物系统演化史上占有十分重要的地位,雌雄同体,具有很强的再生能力,因此,对其生殖系统组织结构进行深入研究具有重要的意义.本文用2种染色方法(H.E染色、Masson染色)显示了日本三角涡虫(Dugesia japonica)雄性生殖管道的组织结构并对其进行了光镜观察.结果表明,该类涡虫雄性生殖管道是由输精囊、输精管、球腔、射精管4部分构成.     

Ligand fishing of anti‐neurodegenerative components from Lonicera japonica using magnetic nanoparticles immobilised with monoamine oxidase B

In this work, monoamine oxidase B was immobilised onto magnetic nanoparticles to prepare a new type of affinity solid‐phase extraction adsorbent, which was used to extract the possible anti‐neurodegenerative components from the Lonicera japonica flower extracts. Coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, two monoamine oxidase B ligands were fished‐out and identified as isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C, which were found to be inhibitors of the enzyme for the first time, with similar half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 29.05 ± 0.49 and 29.77 ± 1.03 μM, respectively. Furthermore, equilibrium‐dialysis dissociation assay of enzyme‐inhibitor complex showed that both compounds have reversible binding patterns to monoamine oxidase B, and kinetic analysis demonstrated that they were mixed‐type inhibitors for monoamine oxidase B, with K_i and K_is values of 9.55 and 37.24 μM for isochlorogenic acid A, 9.53 and 35.50 μM for isochlorogenic acid C, respectively. The results indicated that isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were the major active components responsible for the anti‐degenerative activity of the flowers of L. japonica, while magnetic nanoparticles immobilised monoamine oxidase B could serve as an efficient solid‐phase extraction adsorbent to specifically extract monoamine oxidase B inhibitors from complex herbal extracts.     

忍冬叶环烯醚萜苷类化学成分研究

利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20以及制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,从忍冬叶中分离得到3个环烯醚萜苷类化合物,以及β-谷甾醇和胡萝卜苷。通过理化性质、波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为裂环马钱素酸、demethylsecologanol、裂环马钱素、β-谷甾醇和胡萝卜苷,其中化合物demethylsecologanol为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

忍冬叶化学成分的研究进展

忍冬叶为金银花采摘后的副产物,产量约为花的10倍,且具有较强的药理活性。本文对忍冬叶中挥发油类、有机酸类、黄酮类以及环烯醚萜苷类等化学成分进行综述,发现忍冬叶中的化学成分与金银花相似,在目前药材市场上金银花价格居高不下的情况下,可以考虑作为金银花的替代品。目前对忍冬叶的研究热点主要集中在含量测定、成分分离及提取物药理研究方面,今后应开展对忍冬叶系统的化学分离及基于活性导向的活性部位研究,同时与列入药典的金银花和忍冬藤进行同类药理活性的比较研究。     

金银花U6启动子的克隆及转录活性分析

U6启动子是构建CRISPR/Cas9体系中驱动sgRNA转录的重要元件。利用聚合酶链式反应方法,从华金6号金银花中克隆到3种U6启动子,并分别构建5个不同长度的启动子驱动GUS的植物融合表达载体。以CaMV35S作为阳性对照实验,农杆菌作为阴性对照实验,采用农杆菌瞬时转化法对烟草原生质体进行转染,GUS染色后置于显微镜下观察原生质体的染色数量和效率。根据染色结果,成功筛选出Chr01 U6-F1这一高效转录的启动子,为后期开展金银花的基因编辑奠定了基础。     

Simultaneous determination of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rat plasma by LC‐MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of Rabdosia japonica extract

A specific and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the analysis of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rat plasma using praeruptorin A as an internal standard. Separation was performed on a Hypurity C₁₈ column (2.1 × 50 mm, 5 μm) with isocratic elution using 0.2% formic acid in water–acetonitrile (20:80, v/v). Mass spectrometric detection was conducted using selected reaction monitoring via an electrospray ionization source. Both analytes exhibited good linearity within their concentration ranges (r² > 0.9932). The lower limit of quantitation of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B was 1.10 ng/mL. Intra‐ and inter‐day precision exhibited an RSD within 14.5%, and the accuracy (RE) ranged from –12.1 to 15.0% at the lower limit of quantitation and three quality control levels. The developed assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of glaucocalyxin A and glaucocalyxin B in rats after oral administration of Rabdosia japonica extract.     

槐花的研究进展

槐花为豆科植物槐的干燥花及花蕾,主要用于抗炎、止血、抗病毒等作用。就槐花的化学成分、药理作用、有效成分的测定方法和临床应用等多方面进行了综述。     

人工饲料对龟纹瓢虫消化酶活性的影响

报道了6种人工饲料对龟纹瓢虫消化酶活性的影响.龟纹瓢虫中肠类胰蛋白酶活性随日龄而增加,淀粉酶活性在羽化后不久急剧降低,表明龟纹瓢虫羽化后随着日龄的增加,对蛋白的需求增加,而对淀粉的需求降低;龟纹瓢虫中肠脂肪酶活性在10 d左右达到最大值,随后急剧降低,这反映龟纹瓢虫对脂肪的需求在羽化后10 d左右最大,然后急剧降低;在人工饲料中添加蔗糖能提高消化酶活性,与促食作用有关.饲料中添加橄榄油、豆油、玉米油和菜籽油均能提高龟纹瓢虫中肠脂肪酶的活性,对类胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶的影响不大.此外,研究还发现雌虫的消化酶活性与雄虫的存在一定差异.这些特征将对于配制龟纹瓢虫人工饲料具有一定的指导作用.