日本黑褐蚁营养成分分析及两种脱水方法对其SOD、POD、CAT活力的影响

对日本黑褐蚁（Formica japonica Mottschulsky）进行营养成分分析,并对烘干脱水储藏法和冷冻脱水储藏法对其蛋白质及SOD、POD、CAT活力的影响进行了测定对比。结果显示：日本黑褐蚁中粗蛋白含量占鲜重的24.36%,粗脂肪为7.41%,总糖为0.62%,粗灰分为5.36%,粗蛋白占干重达63.6%。两种脱水储藏法对比,烘干脱水法比冷冻脱水法对其蛋白质及SOD、POD、CAT活力的损失更大。     

龟纹瓢虫对烟蚜的捕食功能反应及寻找效应

龟纹瓢虫雌虫和雄虫对烟蚜的功能反应符合 Holling II型模型 ,其模型分别为 Na=0 .835 0 N/(1 0 .0 10 4 N)和 Na=0 .92 2 6 N/(1 0 .16 0 1N) ,瓢虫捕食烟蚜的数量随烟蚜密度地增加而增加 ,但寻找效应随烟蚜密度地增加而降低。雌虫和雄虫的日最大捕食量和最佳寻找密度分别为 4 2 .0 9、38.6 7头和 7.75、7.31头。龟纹瓢虫寻找效应随自身密度地增加而降低 ,雌、雄虫的数学模型分别为 E=0 .372 9P-1.612 3和 E=0 .36 80 P-1.5786。雌、雄以及雌雄混合种群干扰反应的数学模型分别为 E=0 .84 6 6 P-2 .1892 、E=0 .7377P-2 .2 785和 E= 0 .6 118P-2 .173 4。     

三角涡虫雄性生殖管道的观察

涡虫在动物系统演化史上占有十分重要的地位,雌雄同体,具有很强的再生能力,因此,对其生殖系统组织结构进行深入研究具有重要的意义.本文用2种染色方法(H.E染色、Masson染色)显示了日本三角涡虫(Dugesia japonica)雄性生殖管道的组织结构并对其进行了光镜观察.结果表明,该类涡虫雄性生殖管道是由输精囊、输精管、球腔、射精管4部分构成.     

蓝萼香茶菜随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)反应体系优化

试验以香茶菜属植物的蓝萼香茶菜 [Isodon japonica (Burm.f.) Hara var.glaucocalyx (Maxim.) ]为材料 ,采用改进的 CTAB法提取基因组 DNA,首次建立适合于蓝萼香茶菜的 RAPD(Random amplifiedpolymorphic NDA,随机扩增的多态性 )分析的 PCR反应体系。通过对 RAPD条件优化分析 ,确定蓝萼香茶菜RAPD的最佳方案为 :2 5μl反应体系中包括三磷酸脱氧核苷酸 (d NTPs) 0 .1mm ol/ L ,引物 0 .4μmol/ L ,模板DNA90 ng,Taq酶 (Sangon) 3u,2 .5 μl10×buffer缓冲液 (含 2 0 m mol/ L Mg2 + ) ,其余部分用无菌超纯水补平 ;PCR扩增循环为 93℃预变性 4 min,93℃变性 4 5 s,36℃复性 75 s,72℃延伸 2 min,4 0个循环 ,最后 72℃延伸 10 min。     

Ligand fishing of anti‐neurodegenerative components from Lonicera japonica using magnetic nanoparticles immobilised with monoamine oxidase B

In this work, monoamine oxidase B was immobilised onto magnetic nanoparticles to prepare a new type of affinity solid‐phase extraction adsorbent, which was used to extract the possible anti‐neurodegenerative components from the Lonicera japonica flower extracts. Coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, two monoamine oxidase B ligands were fished‐out and identified as isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C, which were found to be inhibitors of the enzyme for the first time, with similar half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 29.05 ± 0.49 and 29.77 ± 1.03 μM, respectively. Furthermore, equilibrium‐dialysis dissociation assay of enzyme‐inhibitor complex showed that both compounds have reversible binding patterns to monoamine oxidase B, and kinetic analysis demonstrated that they were mixed‐type inhibitors for monoamine oxidase B, with K_i and K_is values of 9.55 and 37.24 μM for isochlorogenic acid A, 9.53 and 35.50 μM for isochlorogenic acid C, respectively. The results indicated that isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were the major active components responsible for the anti‐degenerative activity of the flowers of L. japonica, while magnetic nanoparticles immobilised monoamine oxidase B could serve as an efficient solid‐phase extraction adsorbent to specifically extract monoamine oxidase B inhibitors from complex herbal extracts.     

忍冬叶环烯醚萜苷类化学成分研究

利用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20以及制备液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,从忍冬叶中分离得到3个环烯醚萜苷类化合物,以及β-谷甾醇和胡萝卜苷。通过理化性质、波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为裂环马钱素酸、demethylsecologanol、裂环马钱素、β-谷甾醇和胡萝卜苷,其中化合物demethylsecologanol为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

忍冬叶化学成分的研究进展

忍冬叶为金银花采摘后的副产物,产量约为花的10倍,且具有较强的药理活性。本文对忍冬叶中挥发油类、有机酸类、黄酮类以及环烯醚萜苷类等化学成分进行综述,发现忍冬叶中的化学成分与金银花相似,在目前药材市场上金银花价格居高不下的情况下,可以考虑作为金银花的替代品。目前对忍冬叶的研究热点主要集中在含量测定、成分分离及提取物药理研究方面,今后应开展对忍冬叶系统的化学分离及基于活性导向的活性部位研究,同时与列入药典的金银花和忍冬藤进行同类药理活性的比较研究。     

大型海藻龙须菜对两种海洋赤潮藻的生长抑制效应

利用共培养系统研究了在不同光照强度、生物量条件下,大型海藻龙须菜(Gracilarialemaneiform is)及其水溶性抽提液对两种海洋赤潮藻旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)和椎状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea)的生长抑制效应.结果显示,龙须菜和两种赤潮藻间存在着营养竞争,受龙须菜的影响,两种赤潮藻的最大密度与对照组相比均有所下降,其受抑制程度随着龙须菜起始密度的增大而增强,而两种赤潮藻对龙须菜生长的影响却不显著.此外,龙须菜和两种赤潮藻之间还存在着光竞争,弱光条件更适合龙须菜的生长,强光条件下龙须菜对两种赤潮藻的抑制作用减弱.此外,龙须菜水溶性抽提液也会对两种赤潮藻的生长产生抑制.     

Cookies Fortified with Lonicera japonica Thunb. Extracts: Impact on Phenolic Acid Content,Antioxidant Activity and Physical Properties

Highlights

• Cookies with a 4% level of LJ extracts possessed the highest chlorogenic acid content.
• The addition of higher levels of LJ extracts significantly increased higher antioxidant activity of cookies.
• Cookies with a 1% level of LJ extracts had the highest sensory score.

AbstractsLonicera japonica Thunb. (LJ), as a Caprifoliaceae family plant, is enriched with polyphenols. Cookies supplemented with LJ extracts have the potential to exert antioxidant activity. However, studies on cookies fortified with LJ extracts are scarcely available. Therefore, the effect of LJ extract addition on cookie phenolic acid content, antioxidant activity, color, texture and the sensory score was firstly evaluated. Results suggest that different levels (1–4%) of LJ extracts significantly increased chlorogenic acid content, ranging from 21.96 to 202.65 μg/g. Cookies with a 4% level of LJ extracts possessed the highest activity of scavenging DPPH free radical activity (63.71 μg Vc/g), ABTS free radical activity (415.10 μg Vc/g), and ferric-reducing power of cookies (169.58 μg Vc/g). Further, a decrease in lightness L* and an increase in redness a* were observed in cookies with LJ extract addition. LJ extract addition lowered the hardness of cookies, and 4% level of LJ extracts increased the crispiness of cookies. Cookies with a 1% level of LJ extracts had a higher overall acceptance score (84.33) than that of other levels. Sensory acceptance played a vital role in the selection of the optimal formulation of cookies. Therefore, LJ extracts at 1% level could be an optimal supplement proportion in cookies and increased the antioxidant activity of cookies.     

HPLC测定槐角中槐苷含量

目的 :测定槐角中主要异黄酮成分槐苷的含量及建立槐苷的含量测定标准。方法 :用系统分离法提取分离槐角得到异黄酮粗提物。与标准品对照 ,以PH2.73磷酸 -乙腈(72:28)作流动相 ,检测波长260nm ,用标准曲线方程法测定槐苷含量。结果 :测得槐角中槐苷占总异黄酮粗提物的27.9%,占总生药的2.233%,含量较高。所建立方法的加样回收率为97.4%,RSD0.85 %。结论 :该方法简便准确 ,重现性好。槐角中槐苷的含量较高 ,可以作为生产制备槐苷的主要药源