Physicochemical Properties and Anticoagulant Activity of Purified Heteropolysaccharides from Laminaria japonica

Laminaria japonica is widely consumed as a key food and medicine. Polysaccharides are one of the most plentiful constituents of this marine plant. In this study, several polysaccharide fractions with different charge numbers were obtained. Their physicochemical properties and anticoagulant activities were determined by chemical and instrumental methods. The chemical analysis showed that Laminaria japonica polysaccharides (LJPs) and the purified fractions LJP0, LJP04, LJP06, and LJP08 mainly consisted of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose, and fucose in different mole ratios. LJP04 and LJP06 also contained minor amounts of xylose. The polysaccharide fractions eluted by higher concentration of NaCl solutions showed higher contents of uronic acid and sulfate group. Biological activity assays showed that LJPs LJP06 and LJP08 could obviously prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), indicating that they had strong anticoagulant activity. Furthermore, we found that LJP06 exerted this activity by inhibiting intrinsic factor Xase with higher selectivity than other fractions, which may have negligible bleeding risk. The sulfate group may play an important role in the anticoagulant activity. In addition, the carboxyl group and surface morphology of these fractions may affect their anticoagulant activities. The results provide information for applications of L. japonica polysaccharides, especially LJP06 as anticoagulants in functional foods and therapeutic agents.     

广西全州县金槐生产存在的问题及发展对策

针对广西全州县金槐生产的现状和存在问题,提出培育加工型龙头企业,进一步优化生产布局,完善标准化体系,打造名优品牌,提高市场竞争力,促进金槐产业升级等方面的发展建议和对策。     

金银花中绿原酸的酶法提取工艺优化

采用酶法优化提取金银花中的绿原酸,考察纤维素酶酶的用量、酶解时间、酶解温度及回流提取温度对绿原酸含量的影响;用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定绿原酸含量。用纤维素酶法提取金银花可提高绿原酸得率。酶法提取最佳条件为:加入纤维素酶3.0%,在46℃下酶解4 h,再在56℃下浸提1 h;其绿原酸含量为3.57%。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定多糖的单糖组成

多糖是生命代谢不可缺少的重要物质,是多个单糖或其衍生物聚合而成的大分子活性化合物。近年来,各种多糖所具有的抗肿瘤、免疫、抗凝血、降血糖和抗病毒活性已相继被发现。一般来说,多糖所具有的药理活性是和其结构密切相关的[1,2],故对多糖的单糖组成和摩尔比测定是研究多糖性     

金银花组织培养无菌体系的建立

以河南封丘金银花品种带腋芽茎段为外植体建立无菌体系,通过不同的灭菌剂进行时间和浓度梯度的对比,以及两种灭菌剂混合使用对外植体进行灭菌处理,得出最佳灭菌组合：先用75％的酒精灭菌45s,然后用0．15％HgCl2灭菌8min。     

福建省细基江蓠繁枝变型人工栽培的探讨

描述了细基江蓠繁枝变型的生物学以及温度,光照,比重,酸碱度,营养盐等对其生长发育的影响,探讨了人工栽培技术,文章还论述了福建省细基江蓠繁枝变型人工栽培的前景。     

高效液相色谱法测定忍冬不同部位绿原酸的含量

应用高效液相色谱法对忍冬不同部位绿原酸进行了含量测定。所测得绿原酸的回收率是９８．２３％,ＲＳＤ为１．１３％,线性范围是０．０８２￣０．４０７μｇ,相关系数为０．９９９９。     

Effects of changes of irradiance on the pigment composition of Gracilaria tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia

In plants, excess irradiation can damage the photosynthetic apparatus, although some protective mechanisms exist. The excess energy can be dissipated as thermal energy, and pigments (i.e., carotenoids) also play an important role in protecting the photosynthetic apparatus by epoxidating reactions. Chromatographic analysis of pigment extracts of Gracilaria tenuistipitata shows that zeaxanthin is the major carotenoid in this alga, accounting for up to 82% of total carotenoids. Short-term (55 h) and long-term (10 days) response of the pigments shows that Chl a, β-carotene and zeaxanthin degradation after light increase follows negative exponential trends, while the response of biliproteins is almost linear. Decreasing the irradiance results in a clear saturating response of the synthesis of Chl a and β-carotene after one to two days. Biliprotein synthesis displays a double linear trend, the first one lasting for four days in the cases of both R-phycoerythrin (RPE) and R-phycocyanin (RPC). The response of zeaxanthin is always faster than that of Chl a or biliproteins to changes of irradiance. Our results might indicate the presence of two pools of zeaxanthin in this alga, with different acclimation responses to the changes in the photon flux density.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定枇杷叶中的科罗索酸

采用反相高效液相色谱法测定了枇杷叶中科罗索酸的含量。将样品在90%乙醇溶液中于90 ℃下提取3.0 ,提取3次,浓缩溶液后加水沉淀,将沉淀溶解于甲醇溶液后在反相色谱柱上分离,以甲醇-1.0%醋酸水溶液(体积比为88∶12)为流动相,流速0.8 mL/min,在波长215 nm处进行测定。结果表明:安徽黄山产枇杷叶中科罗索酸含量（以质量分数计）为0.36%,科罗索酸平均加标回收率为99%。该方法方便快速,结果准确可靠。     

日本七鳃鳗体态变型的观测研究

为进一步揭示日本七鳃鳗由以两背鳍相分离为特征的非产卵态体型变为产卵时(含产后)两背鳍相连接的产卵态体型这一体态变型现象,选取了27项体态特征可量性状,对从日本海回归 内河的日本七鳃鳗性成熟产卵群体不同时季3种类群共116尾(♀♀55,♂♂61)标本进行了系 统测量。对每一性状均用统计处理数据按类群分雌雄进行了统计学差异显著性检验对比,从而揭示出了日本七鳃鳗溯入内河时至翌春产卵前特别是产卵活动体态变型时躯体各部位具体 的变化情形。