不同提取水温对龙须菜多糖的得率、组成和免疫活性的影响

系统研究了不同提取水温（30～100℃,温度梯度10℃,共8组）对龙须菜非胶体粗多糖的得率、多糖、蛋白、硫酸基、3,6内醚半乳糖、半乳糖含量的影响,并进一步比较了各组多糖的体外免疫活性和抗病毒能力。结果表明：不同提取水温对龙须菜非胶体粗多糖的得率影响显著（P〈0.01）,50℃提取水温组的粗多糖得率较高,蛋白含量较低（P〈0.01）,在30～50℃提取水温范围内,总糖含量显著上升;50℃水温组非胶体粗多糖的硫酸基含量显著高于40℃组,各组非胶体多糖的3,6内醚半乳糖含量在15%～20%之间,而半乳糖的含量则在30%～40%;各组非胶体多糖均表现出显著的体外免疫活性,其中50℃提取水温组的免疫活性显著高于其它各组,各组非胶体多糖均没有表现出抗疱疹病毒（HSV-Ⅰ和Ⅱ）活性。因此,综合多糖得率、生化组成及免疫活性,建议龙须菜免疫多糖的最佳提取水温为50℃。     

郯庐断裂带早白垩世岩浆活动与断裂带的活动关系

文章通过收集晚中生代时期郯庐断裂带中南段出露的糜棱岩、火山岩和侵入岩样品的同位素年代学数据,结合区域构造应力场、断陷盆地和伸展活动时间等多方面的证据,显示了早白垩世初郯庐断裂带再次发生左行平移,之后迅速转为伸展运动,并伴随发生了大规模的岩浆岩喷发事件.与华北克拉通内部相比,断裂带内具有相对较长的演化历史和减薄程度,暗示了郯庐断裂带有着比克拉通内部更加强烈的伸展运动,为岩石圈的强烈减薄及大规模岩浆活动的发生提供了有利的条件.     

氧与活性氧

讨论了活性氧的产生与化学活性．氧及活性氧会对机体造成伤害,活性氧中极其有害的是．ＯＨ、ＨＯ·２和Ｏ１２Δｇ等．但生物进化赋予有机活体一系列清除活性氧、免受其害的机制,如化学抗氧化系统、酶抗氧化系统、损伤修复功能、细胞免疫系统、细胞色素防御系统等．正是机体内活性氧的产生与清除速率间的平衡,活性氧引起的损伤与修复速率之间的平衡使活体得以维持生机．对人们关于一些疾病与活性氧关系的认识作了扼要介绍．     

基于运动行为的复杂监控事件探测

针对视频监控过程,使用运动目标的状态特征描述场景中存在的语义内容.基于DBSCAN聚类模型学习特征集的潜在结构,生成了运动行为模式集.使用高级Petri网刻画模式间的连续、并发等时序关系,构成复杂语义事件探测模型.无监督式的模式学习过程对低层噪声有较强的鲁棒性,而定性的事件描述模型对于高层事件的推理具有更强的灵活性.在实验中,通过聚类学习得到的行为模式,给出了事件Petri网的具体建模过程,并演示了"停留"与"偷车"两个感兴趣事件的探测结果.     

肝素-紫杉醇抗癌药物系统的合成及其对癌细胞生长抑制的研究

为解决紫杉醇作为抗癌药物水溶性差毒性大的缺点,采用天然生物大分子肝素为载体,利用其具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性以及良好的水溶性特征,选用三种带有不同a-取代基的氨基酸作为连接臂,设计合成了一类新型肝素-氨基酸-紫杉醇药物输送系统,目标产物用1H NMR进行了结构表征.体外水解动力学测试结果表明该系统水溶性好,MTT法测试结果表明所有化合对MCF-7(乳腺癌细胞)细胞毒活性优于紫杉醇.     

Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols,from Mauritia flexuosa (Aguaje), Based on Controlled Dehydration

Plant polyphenols offer several benefits for the prevention of diverse illnesses. Fruit’s edible and inedible parts (pulp, seeds, peels, stems, flowers) are important sources of polyphenols. Different industrial processes for fruit treatment and commercialization affect the total polyphenol content (TPC), and probably the biological activity. The purpose of the present work was to determine the TPC and antioxidant activity (by DPPH) of polyphenols extracted from the pulp and seeds of Mauritia flexuosa (aguaje), in fresh and dehydrated forms, in order to determine the possible connection with the quantity of polyphenols and their specific antioxidant activity. The highest phenolic content for M. flexuosa seeds in fresh form (non-dehydrated) was 270.75 mg GAE/100 g with a 96-h extraction. With respect to the dehydrated samples, the best yield was quantified in the 96-h dehydrated seed sample. For all pulp and seeds, dehydrated for 24, 48, and 96 h, TPC showed a slightly decreasing pattern. The DPPH results were the highest in the 96-h dehydrated samples and the differences among all dehydrated pulp and seed samples were minimal. More studies testing the presence of other antioxidant components could help in understanding the detailed antioxidant activity, and related more to the specific action, rather than only total polyphenol content.     

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Active Components and Antioxidant Activity from Polygala tenuifolia: A Comparative Study of the Response Surface Methodology and Least Squares Support Vector Machine

Dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia (YuanZhi in Chinese) are widely used in Chinese herbal medicine. These components in YuanZhi have significant anti-oxidation properties owing to high levels of 3,6’-disinapoylsucrose (DISS) and Polygalaxanthone III (PolyIII). In order to efficiently extract natural medicines, response surface methodology (RSM) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) were used for the modeling and optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of DISS and PolyIII together to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from YuanZhi. For the optimal combination of the comprehensive yield of DISS and PolyIII (Y), the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to improve extraction time (X₁), extraction temperature (X₂), liquid–solid ratio (X₃), and ethanol concentration (X₄). The optimal process parameters were determined to be as follows: extraction time, 93 min; liquid–solid ratio, 40 mL/g; extraction temperature, 48 °C; and ethanol concentration, 67%. With these conditions, the predictive optimal combination comprehensive evaluation value is 13.0217. It was clear that the LS-SVM model had higher accuracy in predictive and optimization capabilities, with higher antioxidant activity and lower relative deviations values, than did RSM. Hence, the LS-SVM model proved to be more effective for the analysis and improvement of the extraction process.     

Energetic Bio-Activation of Some Organic Molecules and Their Antioxidant Activity in the Pulp of the Moroccan Argan Tree «Argania spinosa L.»

Argania spinosa L. Skeels is an emblematic tree in Morocco, known worldwide for its medicinal and nutritional value. Its fruits contain kernels used to prepare an edible oil, the leaves are used to feed livestock, and its wood is used as fuel. If the oil acquires high importance, the other components of the fruit of the argan are undervalued. Our objective is to invest the waste of the argan industry. Particularly, our study aimed to assess the effect of thermal activation of argan pulp on its therapeutic value, its phenolic profile and its functional and physicochemical properties. After heat treatment, the HPLC analysis for the average total phenolic content varied from 2% to 37%, depending on temperature. The antioxidant activity was increased with heat treatment. Higher values of antioxidant activity, polyphenol and pigment content were recorded at 70 °C. Functional properties analysis indicated that water solubility index and water absorption capacity were significantly affected by heat stress. Physicochemical analysis showed that moisture content, titratable acidity and soluble solids were affected.     

Oxonitrogenated Derivatives of Eremophilans and Eudesmans: Antiproliferative and Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Activity

Cancer is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. Solid tumors represent the vast majority of cancers (>90%), and the chemotherapeutic agents used for their treatment are still characterized by variable efficacy and toxicity. Sesquiterpenes are a group of natural compounds that have shown a wide range of biological activities, including cytotoxic and antiparasitic activity, among others. The antiproliferative activity of natural sesquiterpenes, tessaric acid, ilicic acid, and ilicic alcohol and their semisynthetic derivatives against HeLa, T-47D, WiDr, A549, HBL-100, and SW1573 cell lines were evaluated. The effect of the compounds on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes was also assessed. The selectivity index was calculated using murine splenocytes. Derivatives 13 and 15 were the most antiproliferative compounds, with GI₅₀ values ranging between 5.3 (±0.32) and 14 (±0.90) μM, in all cell lines tested. The presence of 1,2,3-triazole groups in derivatives 15–19 led to improvements in activity compared to those corresponding to the starting natural product (3), with GI₅₀ values ranging between 12 (±1.5) and 17 (±1.1) μM and 16 being the most active compound. In relation to the anti-T. cruzi activity, derivatives 7 and 16 obtained from tessaric acid and ilicic acid were among the most active and selective compounds with IC₅₀ values of 9.3 and 8.8 µM (SI = 8.0 and 9.4), respectively.     

TIAR通过在DNA和RNA之间的穿梭机制调控DNA的转录活性

应用体外转录模型,即通过构建T7 及T7 TIAR 的碱基序列及部分退火的双链模型,合成了一段ODN,其包含单链的TIAR结合位点和1个T7的起始位点.通过进行RNA转录分析,TIAR的结合和替代实验,证明了TIAR可与富含T的单链DNA结合,并且TIAR与DNA的结合可因DNA的转录活性而解离.这一发现为TIAR可在DNA与RNA之间穿梭提供了证据.