高效液相色谱法同时测定含脂羊毛中残留的除虫脲和杀铃脲

建立了同时测定含脂羊毛中除虫脲和杀铃脲的反相高效液相色谱方法。样品用正己烷-乙醚混合溶剂提取,经凝胶渗透色谱柱和固相萃取柱净化后,采用反相高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。除虫脲和杀铃脲分别在0.41～41 mg/L和0.38～38 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为0.9996和0.9999。最低检出限:除虫脲为0.22 mg/kg,杀铃脲为0.18 mg/kg;最低定量限:除虫脲为0.73 mg/kg,杀铃脲为0.60 mg/kg。在添加水平为0.76～10.25 mg/kg的除虫脲和杀铃脲时,平均加标回收率为86.3%～96.7%,相对标准偏差为4.2%～8.7%。该方法杂质干扰小、回收率高、重现性好,能够对含脂羊毛中除虫脲和杀铃脲残留量进行准确的定性定量分析。     

苯乙烯-双烯A交联共聚凝胶、溶胶的生成与转化

本文结合提取、凝胶色谱等方法测定了苯乙烯-双烯A交联共聚过程的转化率曲线。通过研究发现,凝胶在交联共聚一开始就产生,且整个反应过程都在不断地生成;转化率40％以前几乎无溶胶生成,此后生成的溶胶仍不断地向凝胶转化;刚生成溶胶时其分子量高、分布窄,其后分子量变低、分布变宽;T_g以上温度的热处理发生进一步聚合反应,当双烯A摩尔浓度<3.3×10~(-4)时,溶胶分数增加,A-MA摩尔浓度>5.0×10~(-4)时,凝胶分数增加,这是双烯A悬吊双键及单体苯乙烯进一步反应的结果。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定花生、粮油中18种真菌毒素

采用同位素稀释法并结合凝胶色谱净化技术,建立了花生、粮油中18种常见真菌毒素污染的超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析方法.样品中添加同位素内标U-[13C17]-黄曲霉毒素 B1和U-[13C15]-脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,经乙腈-水溶液(84:16,体积比)均质提取,凝胶渗透色谱净化,Waters ACQUITY UPLCTM ...     

Combined techniques for the characterization of linear–hyperbranched hybrid poly(butylene adipate) copolymers

Linear–hyperbranched hybrid poly(butylene adipate) (HPBA) copolymers were synthesized through a branching reaction between the linear tailored prepolymer terminated with methyl ester groups and different mol percents of the 1,1,1‐tris(hydroxymethyl) propane (TMP) as branching agent, using the titanium(IV) isopropoxide as catalyst, at 180 °C under vacuum for different times. All samples were characterized by NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). In particular, MALDI‐TOF mass spectra of the unfractionated and size exclusion chromatography (SEC)‐fractionated hyperbranched (HB) samples gave information on their composition, on the end groups as well as on the TMP units present in each family of HB macromolecules. HB chains containing cyclic branches and ether bonds formed by intermolecular transesterification and intramolecular and intermolecular transetherification side reactions, respectively, were also revealed by MALDI‐TOF MS analysis. All samples were also investigated by SEC. The average molar masses (MMs) evaluated by SEC calibrated with the polystyrene (PS) narrow standards were overestimated with respect to those calculated by the SEC/MALDI‐TOF MS self‐ calibration method, which gave reliable values. Moreover, it also showed that the hydrodynamic volume of the HPBA polymers was higher than that of the linear PSs with similar MMs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

SEC‐MR‐NMR: Online Coupling of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Medium Resolution NMR Spectroscopy

Online coupling of size exclusion chromatography together with medium resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (SEC‐MR‐NMR) might be one solution to the problem of chemically sensitive detection in liquid polymer chromatography. By use of a combination of SEC with a table‐top, specially designed 20 MHz NMR spectrometer, based on a permanent magnet, online ¹H NMR spectra of SEC fractions can be obtained. The integration of digital filters, mechanical shims and electronic shims led to substantially improved sensitivity and chemical selectivity compared to former TD (time domain) 20 MHz instruments. ¹H NMR spectra of PMMA and PS homopolymers as well as PS‐PMMA block copolymers were of sufficient quality to enable detection and de‐formulation of unknown polymer compounds. ¹H NMR spectra of acceptable resolution and S/N ratio were collected online during the chromatography. The SEC separation online with the NMR measurements performed well and resulted in the proof of principle of the SEC‐MR‐NMR combination.

     

Effect of the molecular weight and architecture on the size and glass transition of arborescent polyisobutylenes

This article discusses the characterization of arborescent (hyperbranched) polyisobutylenes (arb‐PIBs) by size exclusion chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry, in comparison with linear PIB standards. The radius of gyration (〈r〉^1/2 = R_z), measured from the angle dependence of light scattering of high‐molecular‐weight arb‐PIBs, was significantly larger than the hydrodynamic radius (R_h) from size exclusion chromatography/viscometry, and the R_h values were significantly smaller than R_h of linear PIBs. The glass‐transition temperature of arb‐PIBs having a branch molecular weight higher than the critical entanglement molecular weight was dependent on both the total number‐average molecular weight and BR up to BR ～ 15. A modified Fox–Flory equation is proposed to describe the effect of architecture on the thermal transition. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1770–1776, 2006     

凝胶渗透色谱用聚丙烯酸标样的制备

以二氧六环为良溶剂,石油醚为沉淀剂,通过等温沉淀分级,制得8种不同分子量的聚丙烯酸标样。 采用渐近校正法测定了它们的峰值分子量和分子量分布,建立了GPC校正曲线,并将其用于聚丙烯酸试样的测定。 结果表明,由渐进校正法测得的粘均分子量与粘度法测得的分子量之间的平均相对误差为7%,由渐进校正法测得的数均分子量与端基滴定法测得分子量之间的平均相对误差为9%。 将上述标样用于实际聚丙烯酸试样的测定,测得试样的粘均分子量与粘度法测定结果之间平均相对误差小于10%,优于以聚乙二醇为标样测定的平均相对误差（30%左右）。 本标样可用于具有与聚丙烯酸相似结构的阴离子聚电解质分子量分布的测定。     

高效液相色谱法检测多种食品基体中残留的喹氧灵

建立了采用液相色谱检测大豆、花椰菜、樱桃、木耳、葡萄酒、茶叶、蜂蜜、猪肝、鸡肉、鳗鱼等多种食品基体中喹氧灵残留的方法。利用乙酸乙酯提取样品中残留的喹氧灵,用氨基固相萃取小柱净化;对于脂肪含量较高的样品,在进行固相萃取前采用凝胶渗透色谱净化技术去脂。方法的准确度与精密度较好,在添加浓度为0.010～5.0 mg/kg时,平均回收率及相对标准偏差分别为82%～96%及3.2%～11.8%;在0.050～50.0 mg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,检测限达0.010 mg/kg。该方法适用性广,能消除复杂基质带来的干扰,可用于各类食品中喹氧灵残留的分析。     

防风多糖化学成分的研究

从中药防风Saposhnikovia divaricata（Turcz．）Schichk中分离得到两种酸性杂多糖SPSa和SPSb,经凝胶渗透色谱证实为均一组分．UV-Vis光谱证实两种多糖中不含蛋白质．采用薄层色谱和毛细管电泳色谱确定了SPSa和SPSb中单糖的组成及摩尔比,SPSa：半乳糖：阿拉伯糖：鼠李糖：半乳糖醛酸=1：2．3：0．15：4．8;SPSb：半乳糖：阿拉伯糖：鼠李糖：木糖：半乳糖醛酸=1：1．5：0．8：0．2：10．2．采用IR光谱对多糖进行了初步结构研究．与现有的防风多糖的组成相比较,确定出SPSa和SPSb为新的防风多糖．