Enhanced Specificity and Sensitivity for the Determination of Nickel(II) by Square-wave Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry at Disposable Graphene-modified Pencil Graphite Electrodes

Chemical sensors relying on graphene-based materials have been widely used for electrochemical determination of metal ions and have demonstrated excellent signal amplification. This study reports an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO)/mercury film (HgF) nanocomposite-modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE) prepared through successive electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) sheets and an in situ plated HgF. The ERGO-PG-HgFE, in combination with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) and square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (SW-AdCSV), was evaluated for the determination of Ni²⁺ in tap and natural river water samples. A single-step electrode pre-concentration approach was employed for the in situ Hg-film electroplating, metal-chelate complex formation, and non-electrolytic adsorption at –0.7 V. The current response due to nickel-dimethylglyoxime [Ni(II)-DMG₂] complex reduction was studied as a function of experimental paratmeters including the accumulation potential, accumulation time, rotation speed, frequency and amplitude, and carefully optimized for the determination of Ni²⁺ at low concentration levels (μg?L^?1) in pH 9.4 of 0.1 M NH₃–NH₄Cl buffer. The reduction peak currents were linear with the Ni²⁺ concentration between 2 and 16?μg?L^?1. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.120?±?0.002?µg?L^?1 and 0.401?±?0.007?µg?L^?1 respectively, for the determination of Ni²⁺ at an accumulation time of 120?s. The ERGO-PG-HgFE further demonstrated a highly selective stripping response toward Ni²⁺ determination compared to Co²⁺. The electrode was found to be sufficiently sensitive to determine metal ions in water samples at 0.1?µg?L^?1, well below the World Health Organization standards.     

还原聚苯胺插层氧化石墨纳米材料修饰电极用于抗坏血酸测定的研究

本文研制成还原聚苯胺插层氧化石墨纳米材料(R-(PAI/GO))修饰电极,并用于测定抗坏血酸(AA)。在pH5.02的Brinton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,AA可在R-(PAI/GO)修饰电极上产生一对氧化还原峰,该峰的峰电流与AA浓度的对数在1.0×10-9~4.24×10-2mol/L范围呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9910。多巴胺(DA)等物质对AA的测定无干扰。该电极制作简单,有良好的稳定性和重现性,用于实际试样中AA的测定,结果满意。     

Preparation of a novel Fe3O4/graphene oxide hybrid for adsorptive removal of methylene blue from water

In this work, a novel Fe₃O₄/graphene oxide (GO) hybrid was prepared and its removal ability of cationic methylene blue dye from water was investigated. To improve the dispersability of Fe₃O₄/GO hybrid in water, GO was first modified by polyethylene glycol (PEG) via a click approach before deposition of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles onto its surface. The successful modification of GO surface and the deposition of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy directly. The saturation magnetization of the resultant Fe₃O₄/GO hybrid is 7.8 eum/g. The adsorption capacities of Fe₃O₄/GO hybrid for methylene blue at 35 and 60°C were as high as 96.05 and 120.05 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models are used to investigate the isothermal adsorption behavior of Fe₃O₄/GO hybrid.     

Physicochemical interactions between polyaniline and graphene oxide: the reasons for the stability of their chemical structure and thermal properties

Several works are reported in the literature on the use of a conducting polymer such as polyaniline (PANI) and its combination with graphene oxide (GO). Graphene derivatives have an important contribution to improve the electrochemical performance of charge transfer and polarization of the polymer in energy storage cells. To understand the chemical phenomena in PANI–GO interaction, this article presents the relationships of the thermal, chemical, and morphostructural properties of this composite material. This synergistic effect between the materials is responsible for performance enhancing. Therefore, in this work, after PANI electrosynthesis on carbon fiber and further dipping of GO, Field Emission Gun, Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray Excited Electron Photon Spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and thermogravimetric techniques were used to characterize these materials. GO tends to stabilize the molecular structure of PANI in its protonation/deprotonation and redox processes. Through thermal analysis, it was possible to observe that GO increases the stability of PANI at higher temperatures, minimizing mass loss rates and changing the polymer's glass transition temperature. And when observing the structure of the material under the influence of temperature, the GO kept the structures practically unaltered (PANI crystallographic orientation) up to 150 °C. These facts highlight important material stability data to be considered in energy storage system applications.     

氧化石墨烯/Fe_3O_4复合材料固定辣根过氧化物酶催化去除酚类废水

采用原位反相共沉淀法制备了氧化石墨烯/Fe3O4(GO/Fe3O4)复合材料,以其为载体,1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)为交联剂运用共价固酶的方法固定了辣根过氧化物酶(HRP).采用振动样品磁强计和傅里叶红外光谱对催化剂进行了表征,研究了其对苯酚,2,4-二氧苯酚和两者混合溶液的去除效果,考察了固定化酶去除苯酚和2,4-对氯酚的混合溶液的理化性质和重复使用情况.结果表明:4次循环之后固定化酶还保留50%以上的活性.     

GO法与故障树可靠性建模的比较研究

ＧＯ法与故障树（ＦＴＡ）是两种不同的系统可靠性分析方法,二者在建模的方法上存在明显差异⒀通过实例对ＧＯ法和ＦＴＡ的建模进行了比较,分析了二者之间的异同点,并进一步说明了两种方法各自的使用范围和优缺点⒀ＧＯ法是以成功状态为导向, 从系统能够正常运行或信号流能正常通过的状态中得到系统的模型; 而ＦＴＡ正相反, 它是以故障状态为导向, 在系统故障状态下逐级查找造成系统故障的原因,从而得到系统的模型⒀与ＦＴＡ相比,ＧＯ法具有模型结构紧凑,易于修改、核实等优点, 同时对于分析多状态、有时序和流程性系统的可靠性具有独特的优势     

石墨烯及氧化石墨烯对分离膜改性的方法、效能和作用机理

石墨烯及氧化石墨烯由于其独有的性质在分离膜领域引起广泛关注。本文综合分析了石墨烯及氧化石墨烯在分离膜改性方面的几种典型应用,即共混膜、多孔石墨烯膜和层状排列氧化石墨烯膜,并结合其制备方法、效能和作用机理进行阐述。结果表明,相转化法制备的共混膜可以提高膜通量和截留率、增加膜的亲水性并有效抑制膜污染,但是其并不能充分发挥氧化石墨烯独有的结构和性能优势,具有一定的局限性;层薄和机械性能强的完美结合使石墨烯可以通过打孔形成分离性能较好的多孔石墨烯膜,但是制备大片石墨烯的难度和不成熟的打孔技术限制了其进一步发展;而层状排列的氧化石墨烯膜可充分发挥氧化石墨烯材料的特性,以层间间距作为主要运输通道有利于充分发挥氧化石墨烯高输运速率的优点和高选择性的特性,为开创下一代高通量、高选择性、强抗污染性的高性能分离膜提供了重要思路。     

GFPT2基因系统发育与功能生物信息学分析

GFPT2作为己糖胺代谢重要的转录因子,在动物的多种疾病发生发展中起着重要作用。利用生物信息学方法对GFPT2蛋白的组分、功能、正选择位点及其分子进化进行了详细的分析。结果表明:13条不同物种氨基酸序列组分分析显示亮氨酸占比最高为9.86%,含量最低的氨基酸为色氨酸(0.15%),平均长度为664.8。系统进化树和结构域显示人和猴子的亲缘性最近,其次是大鼠、小鼠,所有氨基酸均包含两个SIS保守结构域。混合效应-演化模型(mixed effects model of evolution, MEME)和固定效应(fixed effects likelihood, REL)方法共发现8个正选择位点。基因本体论(gene ontology, GO)功能富集分析发现GFPT2主要参与GFPT酶活性、蛋白结合、碳水化合物衍生物结合方面发挥作用等生物学过程。京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes, KEGG)分析显示差异基因主要参与氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,胰岛素抵抗3条信号通路。并且筛选到与GFPT2相互作用的10个基因:GFPT1、GLUL、GNPDA1、GNPNAT1、GPI、HK1、MPI、PPAT、AMDHD2、CAD。研究结果可以为GFPT2分子功能的深层次研究提供一定的借鉴作用,对进一步探究由己糖胺代谢导致的代谢异常及心血管疾病治疗具有重要的现实意义。     

几类序半群的结构及应用

给出几类 (PO)序半群的结构 ,讨论了序半群的 (PO)与 (GO)性对序半群结构和性质的影响 ,以及极大 (小 )正则半群的性质 ;利用序半群的 (GO)性 ,得到极大 (小 )正则半群与单位正则半群等价的两个充要条件     

Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke,Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing

Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available for smokers, including heated tobacco products (HTP) and E-cigarettes (ECIG). We aimed to study the cellular effects of smoke extracts (SE) in orbital fibroblasts. Primary OF cultures from GO and NON-GO orbits were exposed to different concentrations of SE (1%, 50%) and the changes were followed using Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT-CES). Untreated GO and NON-GO cells had different maximum cell index (CI) values of 3.3 and 2.79 respectively (p < 0.0001). CC, HTP and ECIG treated NON-GO fibroblasts exhibited peak CIs of 2.62, 3.32 and 3.41 while treated GO cells’ CIs were higher, 5.38, 6.25 and 6.33, respectively (p < 0.0001). The metabolic activity (MTT) decreased (p < 0.001) and hyaluronan production doubled (p < 0.02) after 50% of CC SE treatment in all cell cultures. GO fibroblasts were more sensitive to low concentration SE then NON-GO fibroblasts (p < 0.0001). The studied SEs exerted different effects. RT-CES is a sensitive technique to detect the effects of very low concentration of SE on fibroblasts.