急性心肌梗死再灌注治疗临床分析

目的：探讨急性心肌梗死患者接受不同再灌注治疗的特点及近期疗效．方法：回顾分析44例ST段抬高急性心肌梗死患者分别接受静脉药物溶栓、直接冠状动脉成形术、补救性冠状动脉成形术、常规治疗，比较接受不同治疗患者的临床特征，再灌注治疗时间，冠状动脉病变特点，住院期间不良心血管事件发生情况．结果：四组患者死亡率有显著差异，再发心绞痛无显著差异，直接和补救性PCI组血管开通率明显高于药物溶栓治疗．结论：对急性心绞痛患者实施不同再灌注治疗是安全有效的，直接冠脉成形术血运重建率高，改善患者预后．     

藏医对糖尿病的认识与治疗

藏医认为糖尿病是因水土之性的“培根”与脂肪过盛，未能化为人体所需之精华而被混入尿液，并通过尿液排出体外造成的．治疗此病的根本在于综合饮食、起居、药物、外治等藏医4种疗法进行降培根与脂肪。调理胃、肝、肾、膀胱等脏器的功能，使体内的精华与糟粕各行其道，各尽所职，正常运行才能从根本上解决问题，这也是治疗本病的基本原则．在临床中病人服用调理有关脏腑功能，使糖份充分吸收利用的药物如：赛知当耐()、索谢尼吉()、控制尿频的药物、云巴西汤()、金尼阿日骄吉()，调理气血的药物阿嘎骄俄()，等等．     

Cpf1 和 Cas9核酸酶靶向EGFR-L858R突变的研究

表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)单核苷酸突变(2573TG,L858R)占所有EGFR突变的90%.使突变的EGFR失活对有此突变的病人非常有利.这里,应用双荧光报告分析的方法分析规律成簇间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)系统中Cpf1和Cas9在靶向EGFR-L858R突变的编辑效率.在EGFR-L858R突变位点的附近,有两个Cpf1前间区序列邻近基序(PAMs)——TTTN.并且,2573TG突变形成了一个Cas9的PAM——NGG.因此本文通过构建两条AsCpf1的gRNAs(gRNA1和gRNA2)和一条SpCas9的gRNA(gRNA3)在体外通过双荧光蛋白分析系统去评估SpCas9和AsCpf1特异性靶向等位基因的能力.结果证实了AsCpf1和SpCas9都能够特异性的编辑突变的EGFR(2573TG).     

聚集诱导发光材料在生物成像、疾病诊断及治疗的应用

 聚集诱导发光（AIE）从2001年提出到现在,经历了迅猛的发展。研究AIE的发光机理、设计合成新型的AIE分子,应用到人类生活的各个领域中是当前的研究热点。在生物医学应用上,AIE分子相比于传统的结构平面刚性的荧光材料具有优势。根据AIE的发光机理--分子内运动受限,研究者设计出多种点亮型的AIE探针,它们可以在生物检测中提供更低的背景和更可靠的信号。同时,由于未结合检测物的AIE探针具有低背景,使用AIE探针的应用还具有无需洗涤步骤的优点,大大节省了操作时间及减少检测样品的损失。检测形成的AIE聚集体具有优异的光稳定性和抗光漂白性,可以实现长时间的追踪和监测。目前,AIE生物探针在生物分子检测、细胞器成像、细菌成像、细胞追踪、血管成像、体内肿瘤成像与治疗等方面已经取得了众多的成果。本文介绍了AIE的提出、AIE的工作机理,AIE生物探针的构建,总结了AIE探针在生物成像、疾病诊断及治疗等不同方面的应用。     

Detection and recognition of cancer cells in vivo

A fundamentally new recognition method of bio-objects (e.g., cancer cells as the most important case of them) that escape the immune system supervision control is suggested. It is proposed to use a unified complex consisting of several molecular groups (e.g., antibodies or their fragments) bound with each other. Binding targets are localized on the surface of this bio-object. The choice of the targets is determined by antigen profiling being expressed on the surface of these bio-objects. The recognition efficiency appears to be notably higher than in a situation when molecular groups do not form a unified complex and act separately.     

Infrared Responsive Choline Phosphate Lipids for Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Choline phosphate lipids have been designed and developed as new-generation zwitterionic nanocarriers with excellent biocompatibility and bioorthogonality to provide a more programmable performance for cancer therapy. However, there is a lack of spatiotemporal and reversible control for drug release at target tumor cells, which can lead to severe adverse effects to normal tissue and discounted treatment outcome. Here, light-inducible Lip-cRGDfk/ICG/Dox liposomes were developed for synergistic cancer therapy. ICG can effectively convert light energy into selective heating in a local environment upon laser irradiation, thus inducing thermal ablation of tumor cells, and further reversibly trigger the spatiotemporal release of anticancer drugs (Dox) at tumor cells due to the conformation transformation of CP lipids to synergistically kill tumor cells. That Lip-cRGDfk/ICG/Dox exhibited a significant improvement for breast cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo is also demonstrated, thus it can serve as an efficient platform to noninvasively and spatiotemporally control the activation of cytotoxicity at tumor cells for precision cancer therapy.     

Emerging Design Principle of Near-Infrared Upconversion Sensitizer Based on Mitochondria-Targeted Organic Dye for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

Upconversion luminescent (UCL) triggered photodynamic therapy (PDT) affords superior outcome for cancer treatment. However, conventional UCL materials which all work by a multiphoton absorption (MPA) process inevitably need extremely high power density far over the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to laser. Here, a one-photon absorption molecular upconversion sensitizer Cy5.5-Br based on frequency upconversion luminescent (FUCL) is designed for PDT. The unusual super heavy atom effect (SHAE) in Cy5.5-Br strongly enhances its spin-orbit coupling (0.23 cm⁻¹), triplet quantum yield (11.1 %) and triplet state lifetime (18.8 μs) while the potential hot-band absorption of Cy5.5-Br is well maintained. Importantly, Cy5.5-Br can efficiently target the tumour site and kill cancer cells by destroying mitochondria under a biosafety MPE to 808 nm laser. The photostability and antitumor results are obviously superior to that of a Stokes process. This work provides a design criterion for FUCL dyes to realize effective PDT upon a biosafety optical density, possibly bringing more clinical benefits than conventional MPA materials.