药对丹参-当归作用阿尔茨海默病的网络药理学机制研究

为了研究药对丹参-当归作用于阿尔茨海默病的可能机制,通过中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)筛选出丹参、当归的活性成分,寻找其相关的潜在靶点;并通过预测平台人工检索候选化合物的潜在靶点是否与阿尔茨海默病相关;将靶点信息通过DAVID数据库、KEGG数据库进行靶点和通路分析;构建化合物-靶点作用网络,靶点-通路网络图,化合物-靶点-通路图.结果表明:药对丹参-当归中具有潜在作用阿尔茨海默病活性的成分有β-谷甾醇,豆甾醇,丹参酮Ⅱ、丹参新酮、隐丹参酮、二氢丹参酮,其可能通过抗炎、抗氧化、免疫系统、细胞周期、钙信号通路、神经受体-配体相互作用等机制对阿尔茨海默病起作用.     

复合材料非均匀（变厚度）叠层梁的研究

在铁摩辛柯各向同性梁理论的基础上，利用迭合刚度法和Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理导出了适合于复合材料叠层梁静支力分析的梁理论。此理论能够考虑同剪切变形和旋转惯性的影响，而且便于分析和求解叠层梁的各种静动力问题。     

一类离散捕食-被捕食系统的动力学复杂性

本文对文献[2]提出的一类离散捕食系统的动方学行为进行进一步研究.首先利用分支理论,探讨了系统在一定条件下存在Hopf分支;随后证明了系统在一定条件下存在Harotto's混沌吸引子;最后利用数值模拟,不但验证了理论分析的正确性而且还揭示了系统其它动力学行为,例如:倍周期、到倍周期分岔,吸引子危机,拟周期,混沌带和周期窗口.     

Virtual Screening and Hit Selection of Natural Compounds as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the classical targets in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Inhibition of AChE slows down the hydrolysis of acetycholine and increases choline levels, improving the cognitive function. The achieved success of plant-based natural drugs acting as AChE inhibitors, such as galantamine (GAL) from Galanthus genus and huperzine A from Huperzia serrate (approved drug in China), in the treatment of AD, and the fact that natural compounds (NCs) are considered as safer and less toxic compared to synthetic drugs, led us to screen the available NCs (almost 150,000) in the ZINC12 database for AChE inhibitory activity. The compounds were screened virtually by molecular docking, filtered for suitable ADME properties, and 32 ligands from 23 structural groups were selected. The stability of the complexes was estimated via 1 μs molecular dynamics simulation. Ten compounds formed stable complexes with the enzyme and had a vendor and a reasonable price per mg. They were tested for AChE inhibitory and antioxidant activity. Five compounds showed weak AChE inhibition and three of them exhibited high antioxidant activity.     

A molecular mechanics approach for analyzing tensile nonlinear deformation behavior of single-walled carbon nanotubes

In this paper, by capturing the atomic information and reflecting the behaviour governed by the nonlinear potential function, an analytical molecular mechanics approach is proposed. A constitutive relation for single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT’s) is established to describe the nonlinear stress-strain curve of SWCNT’s and to predict both the elastic properties and breaking strain of SWCNT’s during tensile deformation. An analysis based on the virtual internal bond (VIB) model proposed by P. Zhang et al. is also presented for comparison. The results indicate that the proposed molecular mechanics approach is indeed an acceptable analytical method for analyzing the mechanical behavior of SWCNT’s. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10121202, 90305015 and 10328203), the Key Grant Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (0306) and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (HKU 7195/04E).     

艾氏卡试剂消化硫酸钡比浊法测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量

为了简便、准确、快速地测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量,建立了用艾氏卡试剂消化样品、硫酸钡比浊法测定硫含量的方法.实验确定艾氏卡试剂与膨胀石墨最佳物质的量比为1:15,焙烧温度为850℃;比浊法中测试液的pH=1.0,质量分数为5%的聚乙烯醇分散剂和无水乙醇助稳定荆的用量分别为2.0 mL和3.0 mL;稳定10 min后,在460 nm下和0.1～5.0 mg内,硫酸钡的吸光度符合朗伯-比尔定律;方法平均回收率分别为101.2%(ZnS)和99.5%(Na2SO4),相对标准偏差均不超过3.0%.方法操作简便、准确,能快速测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量.     

Role of Natural Compounds and Target Enzymes in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurological condition. The rising prevalence of AD necessitates the rapid development of efficient therapy options. Despite substantial study, only a few medications are capable of delaying the disease. Several substances with pharmacological activity, derived from plants, have been shown to have positive benefits for the treatment of AD by targeting various enzymes, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), β-secretase, γ-secretase, and monoamine oxidases (MAOs), which are discussed as potential targets. Medicinal plants have already contributed a number of lead molecules to medicine development, with many of them currently undergoing clinical trials. A variety of medicinal plants have been shown to diminish the degenerative symptoms associated with AD, either in their raw form or as isolated compounds. The aim of this review was to provide a brief summary of AD and its current therapies, followed by a discussion of the natural compounds examined as therapeutic agents and the processes underlying the positive effects, particularly the management of AD.     

两个新的q级数展开式

利用拉马努金西塔函数,建立两个新无穷乘积系数子列的生成函数,并且得到这两个无穷乘积系数的符号是以5为周期的.     

The Relationship between Procyanidin Structure and Their Protective Effect in a Parkinson’s Disease Model

This study evaluated the effect of grape seed-derived monomer, dimeric, and trimeric procyanidins on rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12) cells and in a zebrafish Parkinson’s disease (PD) model. PC12 cells were cultured with grape seed-derived procyanidins or deprenyl for 24 h and then exposed to 1.5 mm 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺) for 24 h. Zebrafish larvae (AB strain) 3 days post-fertilization were incubated with deprenyl or grape seed-derived procyanidins in 400 µM 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) for 4 days. The results showed that the procyanidin dimers procyanidin B1 (B1), procyanidin B2 (B2), procyanidin B3 (B3), procyanidin B4 (B4), procyanidin B1-3-O-gallate (B1-G), procyanidin B2-3-O-gallate (B2-G), and the procyanidin trimer procyanidin C1 (C1) had a protective effect on PC12 cells, decreasing the damaged dopaminergic neurons and motor impairment in zebrafish. In PC12 cells and the zebrafish PD model, procyanidin (B1, B2, B3, B4, B1-G, B2-G, C1) treatment decreased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results suggest that in PC12 cells and the zebrafish PD model, the neuroprotective effects of the procyanidins were positively correlated with their degree of polymerization.