黄连-吴茱萸药对不同配伍方式的红外光谱研究

中药复方配伍规律是中医药研究的重点,该文将红外光谱技术特有的宏观指纹特性与中医辨证施治的整体理论相结合,旨在建立一种既能反映中医药整体观的整合调节作用,又具有普遍适用于中药复方和快速、经济特点的研究模式。左金丸与其类方反左金、甘露散和茱萸丸是寒热配伍的经典方剂,它们都是由黄连和吴茱萸以不同比例组成的对药。文章通过分析比较单味药黄连、吴茱萸及其以不同配伍方式组成的黄连-吴茱萸类方的红外光谱图,对这4个药对复方的红外谱图进行特征峰指认,结果发现单味药黄连不仅在左金丸和甘露散中占绝对优势,而且在茱萸丸的水提物中贡献率也比吴茱萸大;此外,在茱萸丸和反左金的醇提物中,黄连亦表现出高于吴茱萸的整体贡献率。     

第4代航天育种白芷的FTIR分析

针对植物航天育种变异大的特点,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)结合二阶导数谱对第4代航天育种白芷与地面组白芷从整体上对主要组分进行测定和对比分析。结果表明:太空白芷主要活性成分香豆素类组分(1 741cm-1)含量增加,蛋白质(1 459,1 419cm-1)和脂肪(930cm-1)组分含量略有增加;而淀粉、膳食纤维(1 152,1 105,1 080,1 050cm-1)的含量大幅度降低。二阶导数谱中峰强差异更明显,1 279cm-1处揭示出太空白芷含有胺类组分。航天育种有利于选育出变异幅度大的特异质白芷新品种。     

Thermal and spectroscopic analysis of florfenicol irradiated in the solid-state

The study has been undertaken to check the effect of ionising radiation on the physical and chemical properties of florfenicol, an antibiotic of a wide range of antibacterial activity. The solid-state samples were subjected to an electron beam generated by accelerator corresponding to the doses of 25, 100 and 400 kGy, and the effect of the exposure was analysed by the methods not requiring changes in the state (with no preliminary treatment), such as SEM, DSC, FTIR, XRD, EPR and HPLC. Florfenicol irradiated with a dose of 25 kGy has not changed the form or colour, however, a small increase in intensity of some absorption bands in the FTIR spectrum and of some peaks in the XRD pattern, a decrease in the melting point by 0.6°C, the appearance of free radicals and a loss in the FF content within the error of the method (0.91%) have been observed. After irradiation with greater doses (100 and 400 kGy) the changes have intensified, yellow discolouration appeared and the loss of FF content has increased to 6.39%. As follows from the results, the compound studied in solid-state undergoes radiolysis after e-beam irradiation in the doses ≥25 kGy, but lower doses (15–20 kGy) can be applied for its decontamination or sterilization with no adverse effect on its physico-chemical properties.     

计算机辅助解析FTIR定量研究蛋白质构象的应用进展

综述了计算机辅助解析傅里叶变换红外光谱在蛋白质构象定量研究中的应用进展,简要介绍了红外光谱测定及二阶导数谱、去卷积和曲线拟合等计算机数学处理方法.对已有的研究结果进行了分类总结,最后讨论了该领域中存在的问题和发展方向.     

混凝-水解-接触氧化处理造纸漂白废水的研究

本文研究了混凝,厌氧酸化,生物接触氧化一体化反应器处理造纸制浆含氯漂白废水,在水力停留时间为15h时,整个系数CODcr总去除率达88．1％,BOD5去除率达81％,AOX去除率达98．4％,毒性值去除了92％,絮凝单元去除的主要是大分子氯代有机物,厌氧单元通过还原脱氯及酸性水解,氯代有机物得到了基本的去除;好氧单元对COD有较高的去除率,红外光谱的分析结果表明：废水中既有木素又有纤维素和半纤维素,虽然漂白废水厌氧处理效果不如好氧处理,但厌氧,好氧联合处理可有效地提高其处理效果。     

Sequestration of Aqueous Lead(II) Using Modified and Unmodified Red Onion Skin

The efficacy of onion skins, both unmodified and chemically modified with thioglycolic acid, was investigated as alternative low-cost adsorbents for the sequestration of aqueous lead(II) ions from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy – energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments were performed using batch sorption processes. The effects of contact time, pH, initial Pb(II) concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature were investigated. Optimum sorption conditions were found at pH 4 and a 150?min equilibrium time for the modified onion skin and unmodified onion skin. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Temkin models were used to characterize the equilibrium experimental results. The equilibrium process was best described by the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacities of 4.878 and 6.173?mg/g were obtained for modified and unmodified adsorbents, respectively, using the Langmuir model. Kinetic studies indicated that the sorption of Pb(II) ions followed a pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard enthalpy change (ΔH°), entropy change (ΔS°), and free energy change (ΔG°) were evaluated from the sorption experimental measurements. The results showed that the sorption process of Pb(II) ions on unmodified and modified onion skins was feasible and exothermic under the conditions used in this study. The sorption process followed the mechanism of physisorption.     

Spectroscopic techniques in medicine: The future of diagnostics

Spectroscopic techniques have been finding increasing applications in the field of biomedicine especially in the field of disease diagnosis and monitoring in spite of the rapid emergence of several molecular biology based techniques. The significance of spectroscopy techniques and the possibility of using some of the underutilized regions of the electromagnetic radiations are discussed in this review. While previous reviews have already dealt with the potential of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-based (FTIR) techniques for clinical applications, the present review addresses the lacunae of the techniques along with its future trends that may make it a technique routinely applied in clinical settings.     

Induced Electronic and Thermal Effects of 86 MeV Nickel Ions in Bisphenol-A Polycarbonate

Bisphenol-A polycarbonate films were irradiated with 86 MeV swift heavy nickel ions at varying fluences, ranging from 1 × 10¹¹ to 1 × 10¹³ ions cm^?2, under vacuum at room temperature, to analyze the induced electrical and thermal modifications. AC conductivity measurements and UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were applied to analyze the changes. A significant, exponential increase in conductivity at higher frequency was observed with the increase of nickel ion fluence. UV-visible analysis corroborated the results of the AC conductivity measurement, revealing the increase in size of the carbon clusters embedded in the polymer network, with the increase of heavy ion fluence. FTIR analysis revealed the formation of alkene and alkyne end groups at higher doses, which further supported the suggestion that the variation in electrical properties induced by the ion irradiation of the polymer was due to development of a carbonaceous phase inside the polymer due to the irradiation. Thermal analysis, i.e., TGA and DSC patterns, showed that chain-scission was the leading phenomena in the heavy ion-irradiated polycarbonate samples, resulting in degradation of their thermal stability.     

红外光谱和圆二色光谱法研究氰根配位的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的热伸展过程

典型的辣根过氧化物酶同功酶 C(HRP)是用于过氧化物酶生物化学研究的原型酶 .HRP的血红素辅基的铁是五配位的 ,血红素口袋的远端和近端位点都存在一个氢键网络 .HRP结构的稳定性已用随温度变化的 FTIR光谱法 [1]和圆二色及荧光光谱法 [2 ]进行了研究 ,并与细胞色素 c过氧化物酶进行了比较 . HRP的氰根加合物的活性位点的动力学稳定性和分子结构也用二维核磁共振法进行了表征[3] .但是关于氰根配体对 HRP在热伸展过程中的结构影响尚未见到报道 .本文用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和圆二色 (CD)光谱法详细研究了氰根配位的 HRP随温…