Cellulose-based fibers from liquid–crystalline solutions. II. Processing and morphology of acetate/butyrate esters

Fibers were spun from isotropic and anisotropic dimethylacetamide solutions of cellulose esters. Take-up speeds of the dry jet/wet spinning process varied. Water served as the coagulant. The mechanical properties of the fibers increased as spinning progressed from the isotropic to the anisotropic state of the solution. A trade-off in solubility and fiber properties was noted as the butyryl acetyl ratio decreased. Whereas high butyryl content enhances both overall solubility and the formation of liquid–crystalline solutions at lower concentration, it results in lower fiber modulus and strength. Morphology of the fibers depended on the coagulation rate which was influenced by the concentration of the sppinning solution. The level of orientation and crystallinity of the fibers increased somewhat when they were spun from liquid-crystalline solutions. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

一类孤立子系统的无穷守恒律及其精确解

通过一个谱问题得到了一类孤子族方程:包括广义TD(k=1),TD(k=1,α=0),广义C-KdV(k=0)与C-KdV(k=0,α=0)等,进而利用Riccati方程及相容条件得到了此类孤子方程的无穷多个守恒量及其连带流。并且针对特定的非线性发展方程,给出了其精确的孤子解及椭圆函数解。     

基础解系的一种算法

文章用矩阵理论得出几个新结论,从而应用新结论得出基础解系的一种算法.     

关于古典概率的几种解法

通过介绍古典概率的计算方法,使学生在解题过程中能正确分析题意,运用适当的方法获得准确的答案,从而提高分析问题和解决问题的能力.     

硬盘的几种常见故障及解决方法

阐述了硬盘的几种常见故障和解决方法，包括简单的数据恢复方法。     

Partial molal heat capacities of aqueous tetraalkylammonium bromides as functions of temperature

Enthalpies of solution have been measured from 5 to 85°C for aqueous tetraethyl- and tetrapropylammonium bromides, and the integral heat method is employed to evaluate for these electrolytes over a wide temperature range. Data taken from the literature have been used to evaluate for aqueous Bu₄NBr over a similar temperature range. These data, along with similar data for Me₄NBr, previously reported, have been used to evaluate absolute ionic heat capacities. While the absolute values agree only qualitatively with two other methods of division, the temperature dependences of the three methods essentially agree up to 65°C. Heat capacities due to structural effects on the solvent, obtained by subtracting the inherent heat capacities of the ions, are extraordinarily positive for all four tetraalkylammonium ions and have negative temperature coefficients, indicating that all four ions, including the tetramethylammonium ion, are structure-making ions.     

Amide-water interactions in cosolvent systems. I. Solubilities and apparent molar volumes of methyl paraben

Solubility and apparent molar volume data are used to demonstrate effects of amide alkylation on amide-water interactions at 25° C. Precise measurements were made of the apparent molar volumes of the amides in binary amide-water mixtures using a dilatometric technique. The results show that the apparent molar volumes of alkyl-substituted amides in water pass through a minimum at an amide concentration which varies inversely with the degree of alkylation. Further studies showed that the solubilities of methyl paraben (methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate) and naphthalene in various amide-water solvent systems increased in characteristic fashion with amide alkylation.     

Concentrated electrolyte solutions at high temperatures and pressures

A survey is given of recent experimental results obtained from high-temperature, high-pressure investigations with water, aqueous solutions, and ionic fluids. Data on the static dielectric constant of water to 550°C and 5 kbar are given and discussed with respect to their relation to water structure. Infrared and Raman spectra of HDO in pure water have been obtained to 400°C and 4 kbar, which give information on hydrogen bonding. Xe–H₂O and CO₂–H₂O mixtures were investigated in the infrared. Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were investigated by absorption spectroscopy in aqueous solutions of high chloride content to 350°C and 2–6 kbar. The gas-liquid critical point of ammonium chloride was found at 880°C and 1635 bars. This fluid appears to be predominantly ionic even in the critical region. The possibility of converting pure polar fluids such as ammonia and water into concentrated ionic solutions by self-ionization at very high pressures is mentioned.This paper was presented at the symposium, The Physical Chemistry of Aqueous Systems, held at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 12–14, 1972, in honor of the 70th birthday of Professor H. S. Frank.     

关于3维Navier－Stokes方程解的整体正则性研究

本文对３维Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程解的整体正则性进行了研究,得到了解在一些更弱的范数意义下的“小初值”正则性结果。     

Exact solutions for Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction-diffusion system

Abstract. We consider the following simplified model for the Belousou-Zhabotinskii(B-Z)reaction: