Relationship between the molybdenum phases and the conversion of n-butane over Mo/HZSM-5

The conversion of n-C₄H₁₀ was undertaken on MoO₃/HZSM-5 catalyst at 773–973 K and the phases of molybdenum species were detected by XRD. The XRD results show that bulk MoO₃ on HZSM-5 can be readily reduced by n-C₄H₁₀ to MoO₂ at 773 K and MoO₂ can be gradually carburized to molybdenum carbide above 813 K. The molybdenum carbide formed from the carburization of MoO₂ with n-C₄H₁₀ below 893 K is -MoC_1−x with fcc-structure, while hcp-molybdenum carbide formed above 933 K. During the evolution of MoO₃ to MoO₂ (>773 K) or the carburization of MoO₂ to molybdenum carbide (>813 K), deep oxidation, cracking and coke deposition are serious, in particular at higher reaction temperatures, these lead to the poor selectivity to aromatics. Aromatization of n-C₄H₁₀ can proceed catalytically on both Mo₂C/HZSM-5 and MoO₂/HZSM-5, the distribution of the products for the two catalysts is similar below 813 K, but the activity for Mo₂C/HZSM-5 is much higher than that for MoO₂/HZSM-5.     

The regioselectivity of the formation of 2-pyrazolylthiazoles and their precursors from the reaction of 2-hydrazinothiazoles with 4,4,4-trifluoro-1-hetaryl-1,3-butanediones

Reaction of 2-hydrazinothiazoles 1 with 1-thienyl- and 1-furyl-1,3-butanediones 2a,b in methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid mainly leads to a mixture of pyrazoles 3 and pyrazolines 4 or pyrazoles 3 and 5 in strong acidic conditions. Isomeric hydrazones 6 and pyrazolines 4 were formed and isolated in these reactions in the absence of hydrochloric acid. It has been shown that the regioselectivity in the reaction of diketones 2 with hydrazine 1 is governed by both the concentration of acid and the nature of substituents in the 1,3-diketones 2. Cyclization of hydrazones 6 is shown to occur under milder conditions than dehydration for pyrazolines 4. The new heterocyclic compounds were prepared and fully characterized by NMR spectra and by X-ray analysis for 3c.     

Lanthanum-based perovskites obtained in molten nitrates or nitrites

Lanthanum-based perovskites, LaMO₃ (where M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), have been synthesised from lanthanum precursors and corresponding 3d transition metal salts in molten alkali metal nitrates or nitrites. The reactivity of eight precursors in three molten salts of different basicity was analysed. Single phase orthorhombic LaMnO_3.11, and orthorhombic LaFeO₃ have been obtained in molten NaNO₂ at 723 K, for 2 h. LaCoO₃ is also formed in molten nitrite, but an increase of basicity, by adding Na₂O₂, was necessary to obtain LaNiO₃. The reaction systems were investigated by thermal analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and specific surface area measurements (BET method) were used to characterise the synthesised nanopowders.     

K-Ce_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_2催化碳颗粒物燃烧性能

用等体积浸渍法制备了不同K负载量的xKNO3-Ce0.5Zr0.5O2系列催化剂,用程序升温氧化反应(TPO)考察催化剂对碳颗粒物(soot)燃烧的催化活性.并采用XRD、BET、FT-IR、XPS等技术对KNO3负载催化剂进行表征.结果表明KNO3负载量对催化剂的比表面、表面化学环境有显著的影响;KNO3能使催化剂对soot的催化燃烧活性有较大提高,且存在最佳负载量,当x=0.5时,催化剂的活性最好,碳颗粒物的起燃温度(T)i和峰顶温度(Tp)分别为290℃和360℃.在反应过程中,KNO3熔融状态的形成和K2CO3的生成,使催化活性明显提高.     

MoO_3、NiO、ZnO在小表面金红石上的分散行为

氧化物、盐类在氧化物载体表面的自发分散是一种广泛存在的现象，文献中已报导过大量氧化物和盐类在高比表面载体上分散的研究结果［'－3］TIO。作为一种较新型的载体，与Y－AI。O。、硅胶等传统载体相比，有许多不同特性．活性组分在TIO。表面的分散状态及所得催化剂的性能已有不少报导［'－'］，但所用的TIOZ主要是较高比表面的锐钛矿型TIOZ（刘金红石型TIO。（r）和锐钛矿型TIOZ（a）的结构不同，它是高温生成相，比表面较小［'］．氧化物在金红石上的分散行为仍未见报导．我们制备了三种具有不同比表面的TIO水），系统地研…     

Enantioselective catalytic epoxidation of nonfunctionalized prochiral olefins by dissymmetric chiral Schiff base complexes of Mn(III) and Ru(III) metal ions II

A series of new dissymmetric chiral Schiff base complexes has been obtained by a systematic condensation of (1S,2S)(+)-diaminocyclohexane and 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone with salicylaldehyde, 5-chloro-, 5-methoxy-and 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde and by subsequent metallation with manganese and ruthenium. The characterization of the complexes 1–8 was accomplished by physico chemical studies viz. microanalysis, IR-, UV/VIS-, and CD spectral studies, optical rotation, molar conductance measurements and cyclic voltammetry. Enantioselective epoxidation of non functionalised olefins, viz. cis-stilbene, trans-3-nonene and trans-4-octene with iodosyl benzene as oxidant was demonstrated in the presence of catalytic amounts of chiral Mn(III) and Ru(III) dissymmetric Schiff base complexes. Good optical yields of epoxides were obtained for the catalyst 4 with the substrates trans-3-nonene and cis-stilbene.     

活性炭负载磷钨酸催化合成季戊四醇缩酮(醛)

季戊四醇双缩酮(醛)可作为杀虫剂[1]、塑料的抗氧化剂及表面活性剂的消泡剂等[2,3];其单缩酮(醛)是有机合成的重要中间体。其合成反应常用无机酸催化剂(如H2SO4、HCl、H3PO4等)[4],副反应多、腐蚀性强和易污染。近年来,采用脱铝超稳Y沸石和对甲苯磺酸等作催化剂[5-7],效果良好。本文以活性炭负载磷钨酸作催化剂合成了12种季戊四醇缩酮(醛),催化剂用量少、反应速率快、产率高,催化剂可回收使用。其结构经元素分析、IR及1HNMR等表征。1　实验部分1 1　仪器与试剂Kofler熔点仪,温度计未经校正;美国NICO LETAVATAR 360FT光谱仪…     

3,5-diBr-DMPAP选择性光度法测定乳粉中微量铁

建立了一种在表面活性剂TritonX -1 0 0存在下 ,用 2 -(3 ,5 -二溴 -2 -吡啶偶氮 ) -5 -二甲氨基酚 (简称 3 ,5 -diBr-DMPAP)作显色剂选择性测定乳粉中微量铁的新方法。结果表明 ,在pH 4 0的乙酸 -乙酸钠缓冲液中 ,以 746nm为测定波长 ,可选择性测定乳粉中微量铁 ,本法线性范围为 0～ 1 2 5 μg· (1 0mL) - 1,表观摩尔吸光系数为 2 83× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,回收率为 98 1 %～ 1 0 2 4% ,批内和批间变异系数 (CV)分别为 2 5 %与 3 1 %。该法具有操作快速、简便、结果灵敏可靠等优点。     

锰—铈复合氧化物催化剂表面氧的性质

氧化锰催化剂广泛用于一氧化碳常温氧化及汽车尾气的净化等,CeO_2是氧化物催化剂的优良助剂。非贵金属催化剂中添加CeO_2能提高催化剂的氧化活性已有很多报道,但有关Ce对氧化锰结构及表面氧脱附性能影响的研究尚不多见。本文运用XRD、DTA和TPD-MS等手段对共沉淀法制得的Mn-Ce复合氧化物进行了物相结构和脱氧活性研究。     

热处理对Co(Ni)-Mo/Al2O3催化剂加氢脱硫活性的影响

介绍了硫化Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的热处理方法及其结果。实验表明，硫化催化剂经热处理后，加氢脱硫活性明显增加，以塞吩转化率表示的催化活性随处理温度升高而变化，在４５０℃时观察到催化活性的极大值。