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71.
近年来的社会发展中,随着科学技术和国民经济的发展,各种水工环问题表现的越来越突出,已成为影响国民经济和环境问题的关键,也给人类生存和生产带来了一定的威胁。地质环境的恶化对水工环队伍提出了更高的要求。本文就水工环队伍现状存在的问题进行了思考,并提出了几点建议。 相似文献
72.
Linjing Tong Yuhong Lin Xiaoxue Kou Yujian Shen Prof. Yong Shen Prof. Siming Huang Prof. Fang Zhu Prof. Guosheng Chen Prof. Gangfeng Ouyang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(13):e202218661
Mimicking the bioactivity of native enzymes through synthetic chemistry is an efficient means to advance the biocatalysts in a cell-free environment, however, remains long-standing challenges. Herein, we utilize structurally explicit hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) to mimic photo-responsive oxidase, and uncover the important role of pore environments on mediating oxidase-like activity by means of constructing isostructural HOFs. We discover that the HOF pore with suitable geometry can stabilize and spatially organize the catalytic substrate into a favorable catalytic route, as with the function of the native enzyme pocket. Based on the desirable photo-responsive oxidase-like activity, a visual and sensitive HOFs biosensor is established for the detection of phosphatase, an important biomarker of skeletal and hepatobiliary diseases. This work demonstrates that the pore environments significantly influence the nanozymes’ activity in addition to the active center. 相似文献
73.
Gangya Wei Dr. Yunxiang Li Dr. Xupo Liu Jinrui Huang Mengran Liu Dr. Deyan Luan Prof. Shuyan Gao Prof. Xiong Wen Lou 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(47):e202313914
Precise manipulation of the coordination environment of single-atom catalysts (SACs), particularly the simultaneous engineering of multiple coordination shells, is crucial to maximize their catalytic performance but remains challenging. Herein, we present a general two-step strategy to fabricate a series of hollow carbon-based SACs featuring asymmetric Zn−N2O2 moieties simultaneously modulated with S atoms in higher coordination shells of Zn centers (n≥2; designated as Zn−N2O2−S). Systematic analyses demonstrate that the synergetic effects between the N2O2 species in the first coordination shell and the S atoms in higher coordination shells lead to robust discrete Zn sites with the optimal electronic structure for selective O2 reduction to H2O2. Remarkably, the Zn−N2O2 moiety with S atoms in the second coordination shell possesses a nearly ideal Gibbs free energy for the key OOH* intermediate, which favors the formation and desorption of OOH* on Zn sites for H2O2 generation. Consequently, the Zn−N2O2−S SAC exhibits impressive electrochemical H2O2 production performance with high selectivity of 96 %. Even at a high current density of 80 mA cm−2 in the flow cell, it shows a high H2O2 production rate of 6.924 mol gcat−1 h−1 with an average Faradaic efficiency of 93.1 %, and excellent durability over 65 h. 相似文献
74.
Environment‐sensitive Fluorescent Turn‐on Chemical Probe for the Specific Detection of O‐Methylguanine‐DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) in Living Cells 下载免费PDF全文
MGMT protein, which has been associated with resistance to antitumor alkylation drugs for many patients, is a very useful prognostic marker to provide a guide for therapeutic decisions. Considering the large number of cellular samples that have to be handled daily at the hospitals, it is thus important to develop a rapid and simple analytical method to distinguish MGMT activity in different types of cells. In this paper, we describe a MGMT‐activated fluorescence turn‐on probe for the rapid no‐wash imaging of MGMT in living cells. The probe consists of a specific MGMT suicide pseudosubstrate, O6‐benzyl‐guanine and an environment‐sensitive fluorophore, SBD. In the presence of MGMT, the enzyme transfers SBD to the protein active site where the hydrophobic surrounding causes the fluorophore to exhibit more than 50‐fold fluorescence enhancement. With this probe, bright fluorescence was observed for MGMT‐positive, Hela S3 and MCF‐7 cells, while MGMT‐deficient CHO cells displayed no fluorescence. We believe that this fluorescence activation probe design can also be extended to detect other transferases, for which there are still no effective methods to image them in living cells. 相似文献
75.
Technetium is a synthetic element with no stable isotopes, produced as waste in nuclear power plants and in cyclotrons used for nuclear medicine. The element has high mobility, in the form of TcO4−; its determination is therefore important for environmental protection. Technetium is found in low concentrations and therefore common methods for its analysis include long treatments in several steps and require large amounts of reagents for its purification and preconcentration. Plastic scintillation resins (PSresin) are novel materials used to separate, preconcentrate and measure radionuclides in a single step. The objective of this study is to prepare and characterise a PSresin for the preconcentration and measurement of 99Tc. The study first evaluates the reproducibility of the production of PSresins between batches and over time; showing good reproducibility and storage stability. Next, we studied the effect of some common non-radioactive interferences, showing small influences on measurement, and radioactive interferences (36Cl and 238U/234U). 36Cl can be removed by a simple treatment with 0.5 M HCl and 238U/234U can be removed from the column by cleaning with a mixture of 0.1 M HNO3 and 0.1 M HF. In the latter case, a slight change in the morphology of the PSresin caused an increase in detection efficiency. Finally, the PSresin was applied to the measurement of real spiked samples (sea water and urine) with deviations lower than 10% in all cases. 相似文献
76.
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was employed for the determination of 30 widely used pesticides including various
transformation products and alkylphenols in water and agricultural soils with the aim of assessing the impact of these compounds
in agricultural soils and the underlying aquifer. The extraction, clean-up, and analytical procedures were optimized for both
water and soil samples to provide a highly robust method capable of determining target analytes at the ppb–ppt level with
high precision. For water samples, different solid-phase extraction cartridges and conditions were optimized; similarly, pressurized
liquid extraction conditions were tested to provide interference-free extracts and high sensitivity. Instrumental LODs of
3–4 pg were obtained. The multi-residue extraction procedures were applied to the analysis of groundwaters and agricultural
soils from the Ebro river basin (NE Spain). Most ubiquitous herbicides detected were triazines but some acetanilides and organophosphorus
pesticides were also found; the pesticide additive tributylphosphate was found in all water samples. Levels varied between
0.57 and 5.37 μg/L in groundwater, whereas nonylphenol was the sole compound detected in soil. Alkylphenols are used as adjuvants
in pesticide formulations and are present in sludges employed as soil fertilizers. Occurrence was found to be similar to other
environmental studies. 相似文献
77.
Chang-Sheng Yao Chen-Xia Yu Shu-Jiang Tu Da-Qing Shi Xiang-Shan Wang You-Quan Zhu 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2007,128(2):105-109
The synthesis of 4,4′-arylmethylene-bis(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol) was performed effectively in aqueous media without catalyst by the reaction of aryl aldehydes and 1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazol-5-one. All of the compounds obtained were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR and 1H NMR. The structure of compound 3g was further confirmed by the X-ray single crystal diffraction. The method has the advantages of mild condition, without any catalyst, high yields and environmentally benign procedure. 相似文献
78.
The mutual responses of higher plants to environment: physiological and microbiological aspects 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Gang W Zhen-Kuan W Yong-Xiang W Li-Ye C Hong-Bo S 《Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces》2007,59(2):113-119
Higher plants are different from animals in many aspects, but the important difference may be that plants are more easily influenced by environment. Plants have a series of fine mechanisms for responding to environmental changes, which has been established during their long-period evolution and artificial domestication. The relationship between higher plants and environment is influenced mutually. The component in environment provides higher plants with nutrients for shaping themselves and higher plants simultaneously bring photosynthetic products and metabolites to surroundings, which is the most important part of natural circle. Photosynthetic products are realized mainly by physiological mechanisms, and microbiological aspects in environment (for instance, soil environment) impact the above processes greatly. The complete understanding of the relationship will extremely promote the sustainable utilization of plant resources and make the best use of its current potential under different scales. 相似文献
79.
本文论及现代城市的环境问题,“清洁生产”与“环境教育”内涵,阐述了发展“环境教育”对推行“清洁生产”及现代城市建设的关系。 相似文献
80.
贵州息烽磷矿的聚磷环境与富集机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
廖善友 《贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,17(3):59-63
息烽磷矿是黔中元古代震旦纪陡山沱期磷块岩矿床的重要组成部分。矿层厚而稳定,品位高、露采。在野外勘探工作的基础上着重探讨磷块岩的富集成矿规律。 相似文献