一株乳酸菌产类细菌素Enteriocin LK-S1的初步研究

从鸡肠道分离的 5 9株乳酸菌中 ,筛选出一株产类细菌素的乳酸菌 ,编号为SE - 81.初步鉴定为肠球菌属 (Enterococcus) .在排除有机酸和过氧化氢的干扰作用后 ,SE - 81菌株对溶壁微球菌(Micrococcuslysodeikticus)、金黄色葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcusaureus)和枯草杆菌 (Bacillussubtilis)等革兰氏阳性菌和大肠杆菌 (Escherichiacoli)及鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 (Salmonellatyphimurium)等革兰氏阴性菌有强烈的抑制作用 .用胰蛋白酶处理发酵上清液后 ,抑菌活性丧失 .因此初步认为该菌株产生一类具有广谱抑菌活性的类细菌素物质 ,命名为EnteriocinLK -S1.它具有较广的抗菌谱 ,作用pH在 4 .0～ 6 .0 ,有很好的热稳定性 .     

介质粒径、形状和生物膜对粪肠球菌在饱和活性炭柱中迁移的影响

通过室内柱实验,研究了介质粒径、介质形状和生物膜对粪肠球菌在饱和活性炭柱内的迁移的影响。结果表明:介质粒径、形状和和生物膜对粪肠球菌在饱和活性炭介质中的沉积与迁移有着重要影响。活性炭介质粒径越小,粪肠球菌在活性炭滤柱中的沉积量越多,流失率越小,在介质粒径为0.8 mm时,出现表面封阻现象;颗粒活性炭比同粒径的柱状活性炭更利于粪肠球菌的沉积;颗粒活性炭表面附着生物膜时,有利于提高粪肠球菌在饱和活性炭内的沉积量,减小其流失率。     

Effect of Sonication on Microwave Inactivation Kinetics of Enterococcus faecalis in Dairy Effluent

The aim of this study is to inactivate Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 present in dairy wastewater effluent using microwave (MW) waves and/or ultrasound waves (US). The ultrasonic bath treatment (35 kHz) had no significant effect on the reduction of the survival rate (predominant declumping effect). At 650 W of microwave treatment, the total destruction was completed at 75 s, while at 350 W a 3 log reduction was achieved. The Weibull model was fitted to the survival curves to describe the inactivation kinetics, and the effect of the combined microwave-ultrasound treatments was evaluated. The scaling parameter α that was estimated from the inactivation kinetics for the microwaves combined with the ultrasound waves in pre-treatment was found to be lower than the scaling parameters obtained in post-treatment, which were in turn lower than those estimated for microwaves or ultrasound waves alone. The use of the ultrasound waves in pre-treatment was more effective than in post-treatment; a total reduction was achieved using a combination of US (30 min) followed by MW (650 W) with α = 28.3 s, while 4.0 log was obtained by reversing all processes with α = 34.5 s. The results from the protein assays indicate that the bacterial wall was damaged and that holes were formed from which protein leakage occurred.     

Novel Copper Oxide Bio-Nanocrystals to Target Outer Membrane Lectin of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm): In Silico,Bioavailability, Antimicrobial,and Anticancer Potential

In present study, we used Olea europaea leaf extract to biosynthesize in situ Copper Oxide nanocrystals (CuO @OVLe NCs) with powerful antibacterial and anti-cancer capabilities. Physio-chemical analyses, such as UV/Vis, FTIR, XRD, EDX, SEM, and TEM, were applied to characterize CuO @OVLe NCs. The UV/Vis spectrum demonstrated a strong peak at 345 nm. Furthermore, FTIR, XRD, and EDX validated the coating operation’s contact with colloidal CuO @OVLe NCs. According to TEM and SEM analyses, CuO @OVLe NCs exhibited a spherical shape and uniform distribution of size with aggregation, for an average size of ~75 nm. The nanoparticles demonstrated a considerable antibacterial effect against E. faecium bacterial growth, as well as an increased inhibition rate in a dose-dependent manner on the MCF-7, PC3, and HpeG2 cancer cell lines and a decreased inhibition rate on WRL-68. Molecular docking and MD simulation were used to demonstrate the high binding affinity of a ligand (Oleuropein) toward the lectin receptor complex of the outer membrane to vancomycin-resistant E. faecium (VREfm) via amino acids (Leu 195, Thr 288, His 165, and Ser 196). Hence, our results expand the accessibility of OVLe’s bioactive components as a promising natural source for the manufacture of physiologically active components and the creation of green biosynthesis of metal nanocrystals.     

Synthesis of 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives as Potent Growth Inhibitors of Drug-Resistant Bacteria

Enterococci and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are among the menacing bacterial pathogens. Novel antibiotics are urgently needed to tackle these antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. This article reports the design, synthesis, and antimicrobial studies of 30 novel pyrazole derivatives. Most of the synthesized compounds are potent growth inhibitors of planktonic Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concertation (MIC) values as low as 0.25 µg/mL. Further studies led to the discovery of several lead compounds, which are bactericidal and potent against MRSA persisters. Compounds 11, 28, and 29 are potent against S. aureus biofilms with minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values as low as 1 µg/mL.     

粪肠球菌中具有启动功能的DNA片段的捕获及鉴定

PCR扩增来自质粒pUC119的β-内酰胺酶基因(bla)作报告基因,克隆进质粒pNZ8037上的能被Nisin诱导的启动子PnisA下游,构建了粪肠球菌启动功能片段探测载体pNZ-bla.利用该探测载体从粪肠球菌染色体总DNA中克隆到了能在粪肠球菌中表达的一系列具有启动功能的DNA片段,将包含克隆片段的pNZ-P-bla6质粒电击转化粪肠球菌,培养转化子并检测其抗氨苄强度,结果表明其抗氨苄强度大于Nisin诱导的含pNZ-bla质粒的粪肠球菌.表明克隆的功能片段启动能力强于PnisA.在pNZ-P-bla6的启动功能片段下游Sau3AⅠ和EcoRⅠ之间接上绿色荧光蛋白基因作为标记,构建表达绿色荧光蛋白的质粒载体pNZ-P-gfp并导入粪肠球菌中,共聚焦显微镜下可以观察到绿色荧光蛋白的表达.     

屎肠球菌hyl基因突变株的构建

目的：构建屎肠球菌类透明质酸酶（hyaluronidase,hyl）基因突变株,研究hyl基因的功能。方法：用pETX4577质粒构建屎肠球菌hyl基因重组自杀质粒,通过体内同源重组,筛选获得hyl基因的突变株,体外研究hyl基因缺失对突变株生长能力的影响。结果：经同源重组,利用卡那霉素抗性筛选,PCR、脉冲场电泳和southern blot进行鉴定获得基因突变株＊hyl。突变株在体外的生长能力低于野生株。结论：hyl基因突变株构建成功,hyl基因在生长中起着重要的作用,可能是屎肠球菌的毒力因子之一。     

肠球菌研究进展

肠球菌是人类和动物肠道正常菌群的重要成员。由于抗生素的广泛使用,使肠球菌的感染不断上升,成为医院内感染的主要致病菌。由于肠球菌携带多种毒力因子和具有多重耐药性、天然耐药性以及获得性耐药等特性,给临床肠球菌感染的治疗和控制带来了极大的困难。文章就肠球菌生物学特性、分类地位、致病机制、耐药性、实验室诊断以及治疗等方面进行阐述。     

动物源性肠球菌的研究进展

综述了动物源性肠球菌的生物学特性,致病性,流行病学,实验室诊断和耐药性的研究进展。     

肠球菌临床耐药性分析及耐药基因vanM在屎肠球菌中的检测

目的了解肠球菌临床分离株耐药性及vanM基因在屎肠球菌的分布情况,为临床合理用药及探讨耐药机制提供依据.方法采用VITEK60全自动微生物分析仪对肠球菌进行鉴定及药敏试验,按NCCLS/CLSI标准判断并统计分析结果;PCR法检测耐万古霉素、替考拉宁菌株中的耐药基因vanM,并对阳性基因进行测序,分析耐药基因与耐药性的关系.结果临床分离肠球菌共506株,其中屎肠球菌277株,粪肠球菌229株.尿液标本来源比例最高,为167株（33%）;粪便标本114株（22.5%）;痰液标本78株（15.4%）;胆汁标本57株（11.3%）;脓液标本54株（10.7%）;其他来源36株（7.1%）.药敏结果显示：肠球菌对大部分临床抗菌药高度耐药,屎肠球菌对β-内酰胺类抗菌药物（氨苄西林）、喹诺酮类（左氧氟沙星）、糖肽类（万古霉素、替考拉宁）的耐药率明显高于粪肠球菌（P〈0.05）.vanM基因在耐万古霉素菌株中的检出率为100%,耐替考拉宁菌株检出率为90%.结论屎肠球菌可引起临床各类感染,屎肠球菌对大多数抗生素的耐药率明显高于粪肠球菌,且呈多重耐药趋势.vanM基因可能在糖肽类药物万古霉素、替考拉宁耐药机制中发挥重要作用.