Global analysis for an epidemical model of vector-borne plant viruses with disease resistance and nonlinear incidence

Vector-borne disease models play an important role in understanding the mechanism of plant disease transmission. In this paper, we study a vector-borne model with plant disease resistance, disease exposed period and nonlinear incidence. We compute the basic reproduction number, determine the implicit locations of equilibria and then investigate their global stability by generalizing a classic geometric approach to higher dimensional systems. Higher dimensions cause greater difficulties such as the construction of the transformation matrix and the estimate of the $Lozinski\tilde{\iota}$ measure in this geometric approach. For a complete control of vector-borne diseases, a quantitative way is provided by the given expression of the basic reproduction number, from which we need not only increasing plant disease resistance but also decreasing the contact rate between infected plants and susceptible vectors instead of a single one of them.     

襄阳夏枯草(Prunella vulgaris)群落基本特征

报道了湖北省襄阳市一野生夏枯草种群。种群面积为8～10 m2,植株数为30～40株,为小种群。频度为100%,盖度为10%,密度约4株/m2。果穗平均数为5.6个/株。过度耕作和采摘是导致夏枯草中药材资源减少的重要原因。     

城市边坡新型防护措施

城市边坡植物防护对边坡有其积极和消极两个方面的作用。系统阐述了植被护坡经济,力学机理上的优点,并阐述了其明显的不利之处。在此基础上,指出了植物防护的局限性,并提出了树根桩和植物防护相结合的新型防治措施。     

基于DHF算法的装甲车辆动力装置综合评价

针对装甲车辆动力装置的综合评价问题,给出由Delphi法、层次分析法(AHP)和模糊评判法集合而成的DHF算法.首先根据AHP法建立评价对象的层次结构模型,然后结合模糊决策理论,将模糊数融入到AHP法中来表示各位专家所作的评价,使在评价中的主观判断更符合人们的思维习惯和表达方式,其次结合对备选方案等级的满意度评价和准则层的模糊权重得到备选方案的综合评价模糊数,最后用Lee和Li提出的模糊均值法对备选方案进行排序,得到装甲车辆动力装置的综合评价,结果表明该方法是有效的.     

燃煤电厂污染控制单元对汞释放的控制作用

采用Ontario-Hydro方法和半连续汞排放监测仪,研究了电厂现有污染控制单元,选择还原催化(SCR)、静电除尘(ESP)、烟气脱硫(FGD)对烟气中汞的脱除能力。实验结果表明,在SCR催化剂V2O5/TiO2的作用下,50%以上的Hg0被氧化成Hg2+,但SCR本身不能控制汞释放量;ESP通过对飞灰的捕获直接降低了烟气中颗粒汞的比例;FGD依据Hg2+易溶于水的性质,通过吸收烟气中的Hg2+控制总汞的释放,部分Hg2+和FGD系统中的亚硫酸盐等发生反应,被还原为Hg0,发生了二次汞释放问题,造成脱汞整体效率降低。研究中考察了SCR开闭两种状态下整个系统汞的释放量,发现SCR单元启用时,由于烟气中Hg2+的浓度较高,二次汞释放现象更严重。     

Speciation of nickel by HPLC-UV/MS in pea nodules

A new and sensitive methodology based on normal phase HPLC has been developed for the speciation of nickel in low-complexity plant extracts. The method combines a silica stationary phase column, a 9:1 (v/v) hexane:ethanol mixture as mobile phase, and the detection of nickel complexes by either UV or MS. The developed methodology was applied to the speciation of nickel complexes in the cytoplasm of pea root nodules. Results obtained indicate that nickel citrate and nickel malate accounts for 99% of nickel present in pea nodule cytoplasm fraction. The low detection limit of the method (<0.2 nM) enables nickel speciation in non-hyperaccumulator plants.     

Durability of aluminum cooling system in electric power plants

The final step in gas turbine electric power production plants is the cooling of water after the turbine expansion. In some thermal plants, the temperature reduction of the recycling fluid is partially obtained by heat exchanging with the atmosphere by passing the fluid through huge aluminum heat exchangers. From the corrosion point of view, most critical is the starting step of the power plant, when the aluminum cooling system comes in contact with water for the first time and reaches a surface condition in dynamic equilibrium with the liquid. This paper describes a systematic study of aluminum surface evolution in the cooling system of an electric power plant during the first weeks of operation. Some aluminum samples were placed inside the cooling system in significant locations and removed after scheduled times. The surface conditions of the samples were characterized using surface analyses, electrochemical techniques and microscopic observations. At the same time, the chemical conditions of the recycling fluids were monitored. The obtained results describe the corrosion resistance of the aluminum surface as a function of the conditioning time, proving the growth of a partially protective layer able to produce corrosion decrease during the service time of the energy production plant. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Analysis of thyroid hormones in raw and treated waste water

An analytical method for the quantification of thyroid hormones (3,5,3′,5′-tetraiodo-l-thyronine, 3,3′,5-triiodo-l-thyronine, 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine, 3,5-diiodothyronine, 3,3′-diiodothyronine) in different water matrices has been developed. The method, consisting of solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), was validated for tap and surface water as well as raw and treated waste water. The limits of quantifications (LOQs) were lowest in tap water, where they ranged from 1.1 to 13.3 ng L⁻¹, and highest in raw wastewater (10.5–84.9 ng L⁻¹). Of the target analytes 3,5,3′,5′-tetraiodo-l-thyronine (T₄) could be quantified in the influent and effluent of a waste water treatment plant (WWTP) in Finland. The study showed that despite a relatively high removal rate during treatment (66%), part of the incoming T₄ will reach the aquatic environment and, due to the high endocrine activity of this compound, further studies are needed in order to assess its environmental fate and impact on natural ecosystems.     

锌在不同植物种苗中的吸收效应分析

为探讨植物种苗对水体中锌的吸收效应,采用实验室内培养方法,选择了玉米等7种作物种苗为受试品种,研究了不同植物对锌的吸收。结果表明,除棉花外,各类作物在5 d内可使水体中锌含量明显降低,黑芝麻、玉米、水稻植物幼苗的根中分别积累了高达19.8、18.8、15.9mg.g1,地上部茎叶中积累了8.2、10.1、7.1 mg.g1的锌。提出选择具有"超量积累倾向"的作物种苗进行环境水体中锌污染的植物修复。     

兰州大学植物分类学科研工作的回顾与展望

植物分类学是一门历史悠久的学科，解放前，孔宪武教授就指导兰大植物分类学研究，张鹏云在甘肃、青海等地采集过植物标本。新中国建立后，植现生参加了各种调查队，调查和采集了甘肃及邻近地区的植物标本共１５万份，编写了《甘肃陇南地区种子植物名录》等１０多本；对重要的经济植物如野麻、甘草、吴茱萸、甘肃贝母等作了专题研究，参与编写了《甘肃中草药手册》、《西北油脂植物》等专著；对白花丹科、柽柳科进行了专科、专属研究