东华原型应用技术研究

文章着重分析了东华原型与人体之间的配伍关系,阐述了利用东华原型进行我国女装结构设计的可行性和合理性,总结了作为女装结构设计模型的使用方法。     

Laser printing of enamels on tiles

A Nd:YAG laser beam is used as a tool to print patterns of coloured enamels on tile substrates. For this, the laser beam is scanned over a layer of raw enamel previously sprayed on the tile surface. The possibility to focus the laser energy to heat a small zone without affecting the rest of the piece presents some advantages in front of traditional furnace techniques in which the whole piece has to be heated; among them, energy saving and the possibility to apply enamels with higher melting temperatures than those of the substrate. In this work, we study the effects of laser irradiation of a green enamel, based in chromium oxide pigment and lead frit, deposited on a white tile substrate. Lines obtained with different combinations of laser beam power and scan speeds were investigated with the aim to optimize the process from the point of view of the quality of the patterns. For this purpose, the morphology of the lines and their cross-sections is studied. The results show that lines with good visual properties can be printed with the laser. The characteristics of the marked lines were found to be directly related with the accumulated energy density delivered. Moreover, there is a linear relationship between the accumulated energy density and the volume of melted material. A minimum accumulated energy density is required to melt a shallow zone of the glazed substrate to allow the adhesion of the enamelled lines.     

Introducing oblique norms into multiple criteria programming

We propose to use block norms to generate nondominated solutions of multiple criteria programs and introduce the new concept of the oblique norm that is specially tailored to handle general problems. We prove the equivalence of finding the properly nondominated solutions of a multiple criteria program and solving its scalarization by means of oblique norms.     

泵送混凝土的可泵性讨论

本文讨论了影响泵送混凝土可泵性的主要因素，造成砼泵送堵塞的原因以及改善混凝土可泵性的相应措施，并给出了避免堵塞，增强砼可泵性的一些参考数据。     

A variable-penalty alternating directions method for convex optimization

We study a generalized version of the method of alternating directions as applied to the minimization of the sum of two convex functions subject to linear constraints. The method consists of solving consecutively in each iteration two optimization problems which contain in the objective function both Lagrangian and proximal terms. The minimizers determine the new proximal terms and a simple update of the Lagrangian terms follows. We prove a convergence theorem which extends existing results by relaxing the assumption of uniqueness of minimizers. Another novelty is that we allow penalty matrices, and these may vary per iteration. This can be beneficial in applications, since it allows additional tuning of the method to the problem and can lead to faster convergence relative to fixed penalties. As an application, we derive a decomposition scheme for block angular optimization and present computational results on a class of dual block angular problems. This material is based on research supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant AFOSR-89-0410 and by NSF Grants CCR-8907671, CDA-9024618 and CCR-9306807.     

Nontriviality of the first Hochschild cohomology of some block algebras of finite groups

We show that for some finite group block algebras, with nontrivial defect groups, the first Hochschild cohomology is nontrivial. Along the way we obtain methods to investigate the nontriviality of the first Hochschild cohomology of some twisted group algebras.     

节理岩体中地下洞室超挖计算

讨论了超挖的定义以及不稳定块体体积与超挖的关系 ,总结了计算块体位置和体积的方法可分为随机、确定性和半概率方法三类 ,为今后超挖方面的研究提出了指导方向。重点分析并给出了被三个节理面切割的岩块以及隐含危险岩块的位置计算的确定性方法 ,提出了岩块体积计算简易的近似算法。超挖计算对洞室安全、高效地现场施工具有重要指导意义.     

岩质边坡设计坡角和锚固方案的确定

本文运用赤平极射投影、块体理论和岩体力学的基本原理, 试探求一种可供边坡工程设计采用的确定人工岩质边坡最大安全设计坡角和锚固方案的简易方法。     

Advanced analytical methods for the structure elucidation of polystyrene-b-poly(n-butyl acrylate) block copolymers prepared by reverse iodine transfer polymerisation

Reverse iodine transfer polymerisation (RITP) is a living radical polymerisation technique that has shown to be feasible in synthesising segmented styrene-acrylate copolymers. Polymers synthesised via RITP are typically only described regarding their bulk properties using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. To fully understand the complex composition of the polymerisation products and the RITP reaction mechanism, however, it is necessary to use a combination of advanced analytical methods. In the present RITP procedure, polystyrene was synthesised first and then used as a macroinitiator to synthesise polystyrene-block-poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PS-b-PBA) block copolymers. For the first time, these PS-b-PBA block copolymers were analysed by a combination of SEC, in situ¹H NMR and HPLC. ¹H NMR was used to determine the copolymer composition and the end group functionality of the samples, while SEC and HPLC were used to confirm the formation of block copolymers. Detailed information on the living character of the RITP process was obtained.     

超分子水凝胶作为胰岛素缓释体系的研究

利用α-环糊精(α-CD)与含有聚乙二醇(PEG)链段的聚合物Pluronic F127的超分子作用制备水凝胶.该物理交联水凝胶的交联点包括α-CD与PEG链包合物堆积形成的微晶区和聚合物疏水链段聚集区.优化水凝胶组分,得到具有较低固含量和较短凝胶化时间的体系用于胰岛素的负载和释放研究.通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描显微镜(SEM)对水凝胶结构进行表征.通过紫外分光光度计监测胰岛素的释放过程,结果表明,水凝胶释药时间约为65 h,且释放曲线较为平缓.细胞毒性实验结果表明该水凝胶材料对细胞生长无明显抑制作用.小鼠体内释药实验结果表明该水凝胶载体对延长胰岛素的释药时间有一定效果,可作为多肽类药物的缓释体系.