西安市区降尘的元素特征

通过对西安市降尘的成分和元素含量的分析，并与本区沉积于１．８万ａ前（那时还没有现代化工业）的晚更新马兰黄土的元素含量相比较，对西安市降尘的元素特征和变化进行了研究，同时也探讨了降尘的来源以及空气的污染程度和污染源。     

固体卤化物的抑尘性能

用试验方法分别测定了含ＮａＣｌ，ＣａＣｌ２，ＭｇＣｌ２３种卤化物的粉尘试样在自然环境中昼夜周期吸湿、放湿的行为，并统计分析了试样吸湿率与吸湿剂含量、空气中的温度、湿度等因素之间的关系．其研究结果对卤化物抑制路面、地面和各种散体堆放场等的扬尘具有重要的实际意义．     

变频器在开滦发电厂的应用

介绍了变频器调速节能的原理及其在开滦发电厂的应用情况,经运行及测试结果表明,电厂采用低压变频器对排粉风机等设备进行调速节能改造,节能效果明显,同时具有减少设备磨损和降低环境污染程度等优点。     

Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry of eolian dust of the arid-semiarid areas in China： Implications for loess provenance and monsoon evolution

Strontium (Sr) is a divalent alkaline earth element. Its ionic radius (0.113 nm) is slightly larger than that of calcium (0.099 nm), and Sr thus substitutes isomor- phously for Ca in many minerals. Neodymium (Nd) is a rare earth element. Its chemical prop…     

瓦斯煤尘爆炸传播数值仿真系统研究

以连续相、燃烧、颗粒相数理方程建立瓦斯煤尘爆炸传播数理模型，并应用连续相、颗粒相计算方法，依据大型巷道瓦斯爆炸、瓦斯煤尘爆炸传播实验数据，借助普遍应用的流场模拟平台，开发了瓦斯、煤尘爆炸数值仿真系统。该系统可以有效地模拟煤矿瓦斯、煤尘的爆炸事故过程，对瓦斯爆炸的爆燃转爆轰、煤尘是否参与爆炸、爆炸冲击传播速度、衰减规律以及爆炸灾害的波及范围都能进行较准确的模拟。     

粉尘爆炸研究进展

全面论述了粉尘爆炸的发展现状，并分别从可燃粉尘爆炸机理、粉尘爆炸特性参数、爆炸模型和防爆措施等四个方面进行了详细的阐述．同时指出了研究粉尘爆炸的重要意义。     

Analysis of carbon isotopes in airborne carbonate and implications for aeolian sources

Methods were developed to determine the mass ratios of carbon isotopes in trace amounts of aerosol carbonate. A Finnigan MAT 252 mass spectrometer fitted with an on-line Kiel device was to determine the ^13C/^12C ratio in CO2 produced from the carbonate. A study using these methods was conducted to characterize the carbonate carbon isotopes in aerosol samples collected in Xi‘an on dusty and normal days during March and April 2002. Results of the study demonstrate that insights into the origin of the dust can be deduced from its isotopic composition. That is, the δ^13C ofcarbonate for dust storm samples ranged from -1.4‰ to -4.2‰, and this is consistent with sandy materials in dust source regions upwind. In contrast, for non-dusty days δ^13C ranged from -7.5% to -9.3‰, which is more similar to fine particles emitted from local surface soils. Comparisons of dust storm aerosols with surface soils from source regions and with aerosol samples collected downwind indicate that the δ^13C values did not change appreciably during longrange transport. Therefore, carbon isotopes have the potential for distinguishing among source materials, and this approach provides a powerful new tool for identifying dust provenance.     

拟现实在转载点粉尘粒子扩散运动中的应用

为了解决车间转载点的粉尘控制和采取适当的除尘技术进行粉尘处理等问题,利用计算机虚拟现实反映粉尘粒子在一定空间内的运动规律,得出颗粒的运动轨迹.借助数值计算方法的得出粉尘颗粒在湍流气流中的运动轨迹方程,并应用计算机技术反映出来,给出一种直观上的视觉,在此基础上,对转载点粉尘处理工艺进行优化,同时采取有效的粉尘控制措施和除尘措施,最终达到车间粉尘处理的目的.该技术成果对转载点粉尘处理有一定的实用价值.     

Time-dependent interaction across two conducting spheres in an applied electrostatic field

Charged particles exist widely in variety of technological areas as well as in nature. Even a weak charge on the particles can significantly influence their electric interaction. We investigated the phenomenon of time-dependent electric interaction between two conducting spheres in an electrostatic field. A mirror-image method was developed to analyze this system, and the fundamental role of the charges on the spheres was studied. We concluded that charges conducted to the lower sphere through the alumina tube used in our system play a main role in determining the time-dependent interaction, whereas the influence from air ions is negligible.     

Dust modelling using a combined CFD and discrete element formulation

The production and dispersal of airborne dust is an important issue in both environmental and industrial contexts. Dust pollution is a major environmental concern, and long exposure in occupational settings has been linked with numerous respiratory health issues. Industrial dust pollution can also present a significant explosion hazard, even in facilities with dust extraction systems. Computational models for dust generation and dispersal have, however, generally been formulated for specific geophysical applications and restricted to static, two‐dimensional, approaches. Here, we present a method for simulating dust production from a dynamic granular bed by using a three‐dimensional coupled discrete element method and Navier–Stokes computational model. Dust production is based on an energy formulation in which micro‐scale dust particles are assumed to overcome cohesion to macro‐scale grains. This model is used over the entire range of energies present within the system, from macro‐scale collisions to aerodynamic entrainment and bombardment of micro‐scale particles. The dust concentration is modelled as a scalar density field, which is advected and diffused through turbulence in the gas flow field. The model is tested against empirical predictions for two test cases, a slug of granular material dropped from a set height and air flow over a granular stockpile. Both give good agreement to the empirical relations, showing that the model can accurately predict the production and subsequent dispersal of dust from a dynamic granular bed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.