Synthesis of diisocyanides with phenolic groups and their polymerization to helically chiral poly(quinoxaline‐2,3‐diyl)s

The development of synthetic routes which lead to five new diisocyanide monomers with one or two phenolic groups is described. Their polymerization behavior is studied with Pd‐ and Ni‐based initiators, as well as under microwave irradiation. The polymerizability is mainly dominated by steric effects as is concluded from experiments using different protecting groups. Chiroptical properties of these new polymers are studied by CD‐spectroscopy. After deprotection, helically chiral poly(quinoxalin‐2,3‐diyl)s are obtained which display a Brønsted function attached to a stereolabile biaryl axis whose configuration should be influenced by the chiral polymer backbone. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 1320–1329     

基于三维点云的岩体结构面自动分类与参数计算

结构面间距是岩体稳定性和力学特性分析中的一个重要参数，在岩石力学、采矿工程、边坡监测等领域的数值计算中广泛应用.本文以岩体边坡露头为研究对象，基于非接触测量获得的三维点云数据，提出一种基于密度聚类的结构面细化分类方法；在结构面粗略分组提取的基础上，通过投影变换、散乱点拟合等算法，求得结构面间距和岩体体积节理数.设计开发了结构面细化分类及间距等参数计算与分析原型系统，实际案例分析表明，本文方法可有效实现结构面的自动细化分类，并能够计算出间距等相关参数，可为岩体质量分级和岩体稳定性分析等提供方法支撑.     

The deformation and fracture of balloons

Inflation of balloons provides a straightforward way of achieving large biaxial deformations. Previous studies have shown that when a balloon bursts, crack propagation occurs at very high speed – much higher than would be expected from the low strain modulus and elastic wave velocity of the rubber. The present paper is concerned with studies of the deformation and fracture of cylindrical balloons. On inflation, the deformations of such a balloon pass through an unstable region but subsequently increase monotonically with pressure. In this relatively high pressure region, the ratio of the longitudinal and circumferential extension ratios is broadly in accord with expectations from high-strain elasticity theory when the ratio of the corresponding stresses is taken into account. On bursting, crack speeds up to around 300 m/s in this region. It is shown that these speeds are in accord with large increase in incremental moduli for the highly-strained rubber. Marked changes in crack tip profile observed at very high crack speeds are consistent with control of the rate of growth by inertia rather than by the viscoelastic properties of the rubber (as is believed to be the case at lower speeds). Consistent with this, various elastomers having different glass transition temperatures show similar crack growth behaviour in the very high speed region.     

Probabilism,entropies and strictly proper scoring rules

Accuracy arguments are the en vogue route in epistemic justifications of probabilism and further norms governing rational belief. These arguments often depend on the fact that the employed inaccuracy measure is strictly proper. I argue controversially that it is ill-advised to assume that the employed inaccuracy measures are strictly proper and that strictly proper statistical scoring rules are a more natural class of measures of inaccuracy. Building on work in belief elicitation I show how strictly proper statistical scoring rules can be used to give an epistemic justification of probabilism.An agent's evidence does not play any role in these justifications of probabilism. Principles demanding the maximisation of a generalised entropy depend on the agent's evidence. In the second part of the paper I show how to simultaneously justify probabilism and such a principle. I also investigate scoring rules which have traditionally been linked with entropies.     

2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》载文文献计量分析

目的:分析《中华实用儿科临床杂志》近5年发展情况,为提高该刊质量提供参考依据. 方法:通过"中国生物医学文献数据库"收集该刊2008—2012年的文献题录,采用文献计量学方法,对文献的时间分布、单位分布、作者分布、作者合作情况、单位合作情况、高频关键词、高频主题词等指标进行统计分析. 结果:2008—2012年《中华实用儿科临床杂志》共载文3 459篇,单篇论文的长度在逐年增长;涉及作者13 870位,每篇论文作者平均数量大于4,每篇论文的平均合作单位数量多于1.45,关键词和主题词符合本刊的主题.2008—2010年被引的文献为1 131条,占期间总文献量的62%.结论:2008—2012年发表的论文选择更具有针对性,向着更为合理性的方向发展,研究方法也多采用定量分析方法,并且论文形式多样,文献被引次数越来越多.     

Sobolev Stability of Plane Wave Solutions to the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

This article explores the questions of long time orbital stability in high order Sobolev norms of plane wave solutions to the NLSE in the defocusing case.     

Semilinear wave models with friction and viscoelastic damping

In this paper, we study the global (in time) existence of small data solutions to the Cauchy problem for the semilinear wave equation with friction, viscoelastic damping, and a power nonlinearity. We are interested in the connection between regularity assumptions for the data and the admissible range of exponents p in the power nonlinearity.     

基于ESI和InCites的学科发展预测研究--以中国地质大学为例

基于汤姆路透公司的ESI和InCites数据库，分析了中国地质大学各学科的特征，探讨了高被引论文、热门论文、顶尖论文与学科发展的关系，并预测后续最有可能入围ESI世界前1％的学科。     

基于化学学科认知障碍突破的中考复习教学实践* ——以“二氧化碳的性质”为例

分析学生对二氧化碳的3个典型学科认知障碍,以“二氧化碳的捕捉”为情境,通过“尝试捕捉二氧化碳”“谁在捕捉二氧化碳”“捕捉背后的原理”等3个主要环节,实现对学科认知障碍的突破,展示了一种新的中考复习教学思路。