Transient stationary waves and angular momentum

We report new transient stationary spherical waves generated by the time evolution of wave functions with angular momentum. In the study the 3D problem of the sudden release of a particle which initially was inside a spherical trap, the exact solution for the particle's time evolution is described by expected traveling incoming and outgoing spherical waves. However, unexpected transient stationary spherical waves are also present. The traveling waves have amplitudes describing diffraction in time, in a way similar to the optical diffraction by a single slit. In striking contrast with the similar 1D problem, the angular momentum generates unexpected transient stationary spherical waves which have their main contribution at points inside the sphere but only for very short times.     

Optimization of thin-film design for multi-layer dielectric grating

Thin-film design used to fabricate multi-layer dielectric (MLD) gratings should provide high transmittance during holography exposure, high reflectance at use wavelength and sufficient manufacturing latitude of the grating design making the MLD grating achieve both high diffraction efficiency and low electric field enhancement. Based on a (HLL)⁹H design comprising of quarter-waves of high-index material and half-waves of low-index material, we obtain an optimum MLD coating meeting these requirements by inserting a matching layer being half a quarter-wave of Al₂O₃ between the initial design and an optimized HfO₂ top layer. The optimized MLD coatings exhibits a low reflectance of 0.017% under photoresist at the exposure angle of 17.8° for 413 nm light and a high reflectance of 99.61% under air at the use angle of 51.2° for 1053 nm light. Numerical calculation of intensity distribution in the photoresist coated on the MLD film during exposure shows that standing-wave patterns are greatly minimized and thus simulation profile of photoresist gratings after development demonstrates smoother shapes with lower roughness. Furthermore, a MLD gratings with grooves etched into the top layer of this MLD coating provides a high diffraction efficiency of 99.5% and a low electric field enhancement ratio of 1.53. This thin-film design shows perfect performances and can be easily fabricated by e-beam evaporation.     

Effects of metal irises on the guided-mode properties in asymmetrical slab waveguides

The diffraction phenomenon caused by metal transverse irises placed into an asymmetrical slab waveguide is examined by using the integral equation method. We concentrate on the possibility of controlling the radiation characteristics of the structure by changing the irises positions and the slab waveguide asymmetry. The aperture electric-field distribution is expressed in terms of a finite series of Chebyshev polynomials. The dominant TE guided-mode reflection and transmission coefficients, the near-field distribution and the far-field radiation pattern are calculated, while numerical results are presented for several cases of asymmetrical slab waveguides and different irises’ positions.     

利用改进型衍射理论对直边衍射效应的解释

利用改进型衍射理论MTPO（Modified Theory of Physics Optics）对直边衍射现象做出了解释．用数值模拟方法得出了直边衍射场强随衍射角度的变化曲线，并与广泛采用的菲涅耳近似衍射方法结果进行比较，发现在很大的角度空间上，二者所得出的衍射场强与精确解吻合较好．但在入射波的几何传播方向上，即边缘上的衍射场强分布，MTPO方法则具有更高的准确度．     

《人的境遇》中的文化想象

《人的境遇》是一部西方哲理性概念小说。小说对人的命运的哲学沉思中隐含着作者的东方文化想象,这种想象是20世纪西方现代人的思想困惑在东方的心理投射,这与西方现代人的二元思维结构和分裂的世界观紧密相关,而其抗拒命运的途径中也显出人道主义的缺失与不足。     

用矩阵判断哈密顿图的一个充要条件

给出了一个从图的邻接矩阵来判断有限无向连通图是否是哈密顿图的充分必要条件     

A wave automaton for Maxwell's equations

This paper presents an extension to electromagnetic fields of the wave automaton, which was introduced in recent years for describing wave propagation in inhomogeneous media. Using elementary processes obeying a discrete Huygens' principle and satisfying fundamental symmetries such as time reversal and reciprocity, this new wave automaton is capable of modeling Maxwell's equations in 3+1 dimensions. It supplements the methods that were developed early for scalar and spinor fields. Received 19 July 2001     

磁场强度仅与传导电流有关的条件

以静磁场的基本方程为基础，利用矢量分析的有关知识对磁场强度H的一般形式作一些理论分析，给出磁场强度日仅与传导电流有关的条件．     

高等数学中多元函数条件极值的充分性条件研究

根据高等数学课本中对条件极值的判别定理,本文给出了一般情形下的多元函数的条件极值的充分性条件定理,并对之给予了证明。最后对定理在求解条件极值中的应用举例说明。