Coumarin-based urea-amide scaffold in ratiometric fluorescence sensing of CN−

Coumarin-based urea and urea–amide scaffolds 1–3 have been designed and synthesized for the selective and naked eye detection of cyanide ion. Of the three, compound 3 exhibits ratiometric fluorescence change selectively in the presence of CN^? and validates the rationality in designing anion receptor. Upon interaction with CN^?, the color of the solution of 3 in CH₃CN under UV exposure becomes bright yellow, which is beneficial for its naked eye detection. Addition of CN^? of ～10^?4 M brings nice color change from colourless to yellow in ordinary light. The sensing event is supposed to be due to nucleophilic addition of CN^? to the coumarin unit enabling intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism.     

New color chemosensors for cyanide based on water soluble azo dyes

Cyanide detection in pure water is important for many applications. We present a novel type of chemodosimeter azo dye developed on the basis of the benzophenone as the electrophilic receptor of the cyanide anion and a saccharidic moiety to render the dye water soluble. This chemodosimeter is found to be highly selective and tunable toward only cyanide in pure water.     

TDDFT方法研究两个基于Michael反应的氰离子传感器的不同传感机理

利用含时密度泛函方法计算了两个具有类似结构的传感器分子a和b的氰离子传感机理. 结果证实,传感器分子a在基态和S₁态下有着类似的几何构型. 在质子性溶剂水中,氰离子能与传感器分子a发生Michael加成反应,水溶液提供质子,促使最终的α,β-加成产物的生成. 而此加成产物在S₁态下会发生构型变化,导致荧光的猝灭. 传感器分子b的S₁态与基态构型相比发生了构型扭转,并且在非质子性溶剂乙腈中,也可以与氰离子发生Michael加成反应. 由于乙腈     

Naked-eye detection of cyanide ions in aqueous media based on an azo-azomethine chemosensor

The optical and colorimetric properties of a new chemosensor 4-((2,4-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl)-2-(3-hydroxypropylimino)methyl)phenol (L) for cyanide ions were investigated by the naked-eye detection and UV–vis spectroscopy. This receptor reveals visual changes toward CN⁻ anions in aqueous media. No significant color changes were observed upon the addition of any other anions. The cyanide recognition properties of the receptor through proton-transfer were monitored by UV–vis titration and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The binding constant (K_a) and stoichiometry of the formed host–guest complex were calculated by the Benesi–Hildebrand (B–H) plot and Job's plot method, respectively. The detection limit of the probe towards CN⁻ was 1.03 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹, which is lower than the maximum value of cyanide (1.9 × 10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹) permitted by the World Health Organization in drinking water. Thus, this chemosensor was sensitive enough to detect cyanide in aqueous solutions. ¹H NMR experiments were conducted to investigate the nature of interaction between the receptor and CN⁻ anions. Notably, the designed sensor can be applied for the rapid detection of cyanide anions in the basic pH range and also under physiological conditions, for practical purposes for a long duration. The sensing behavior of the receptor was further emphasized by computational studies. Quantum-chemical calculations and molecular studies via Density Functional Theory (DFT) were carried out to supplement the experimental results.     

红外光谱和圆二色光谱法研究氰根配位的辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)的热伸展过程

典型的辣根过氧化物酶同功酶 C(HRP)是用于过氧化物酶生物化学研究的原型酶 .HRP的血红素辅基的铁是五配位的 ,血红素口袋的远端和近端位点都存在一个氢键网络 .HRP结构的稳定性已用随温度变化的 FTIR光谱法 [1]和圆二色及荧光光谱法 [2 ]进行了研究 ,并与细胞色素 c过氧化物酶进行了比较 . HRP的氰根加合物的活性位点的动力学稳定性和分子结构也用二维核磁共振法进行了表征[3] .但是关于氰根配体对 HRP在热伸展过程中的结构影响尚未见到报道 .本文用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和圆二色 (CD)光谱法详细研究了氰根配位的 HRP随温…     

Synthesis of butyrolactones by nickel-catalyzed reductive cyanation of alkynols in water

One-pot catalytic synthesis of butyrolactones from alkynols under mild conditions is described here. The methodology involves the use of the K₂[Ni(CN)₄]/NaBH₄ system in presence of KCN and water. According to the experimental evidences, a possible mechanism pathway is suggested, which involves the nickel-catalyzed reductive cyanation of alkynol, followed by nitrile hydration, reduction of double bond and lactonization.