灭幼脲Ⅰ号对致倦库蚊DNA代谢的影响

本文运用生化测定、放射性同位素标记及显微放射自显影等技术方法研究了灭幼脲Ⅰ号对致倦库蚊DNA代射的影响。结果表明,灭幼脲Ⅰ号抑制了致倦库蚊的DNA合成,降低DNA含量。     

中华涡蛛（Octonoba sinensis）的核型

报道了中华涡蛛的染色体数目，形态结构和性染色体组成，实验材料采自石家庄郊区交园。细胞学数据主要来自对胚胎细胞有丝分裂中期的观察。实验结果表明：中华涡蛛的染色体数目是；雄性体细胞为１７，雌性体细胞为１８。性别决定机制是ＸＯ型，Ｘ染色体是全部染色体中最长的一个，并且是唯一的亚中着丝粒染以体，其常染色体均为端或亚端着丝粒染色体。     

中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体土池淡化管理技术的初步研究

将在12口6 000 m2土池适应性淡化2 d的314 kg中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体,按1 000 g/m3、750 g/m3、500 g/m3的密度,转入3口1 500m2土池(内置46只3 m×3 m×1.5 m的专用网箱)集中淡化至蟹苗出售。各池蟹苗的淡化存活率分别为88.89%、91.96%和90.43%,平均90.43%,淡化结果表明,蟹苗优质高产。据此,笔者结合往年的蟹苗生产,就淡化的密度、模式、时机、进程及管理等影响蟹苗淡化存活率的关键因子进行了分析探讨,提出了中华绒螯蟹大眼幼体土池淡化管理技术。     

当归茎、叶发育解剖学研究

以当归幼苗及2年生植株为材料,对其茎、叶的解剖结构进行了观察,主要结果为：（1）当归无论幼茎或老茎或老茎横切面轮廓均不规则,维管束粗细相差较大;（2）紫茎当归和绿茎当归茎叶结构基本一致,而造成当归茎颜色差异的原因是遣传基因还是环境条件的影响,有待于进一步研究;（3）叶片角质层不发达,叶肉内栅栏组织中有1层,海棉组织中有大的细胞间隙,由此说明当归属喜阴湿、不耐干旱的植物类型。     

当归营养苗端的解剖学观察

对当归顶芽的解剖学观察表明,4月中旬至5月上旬的顶芽尚处于营养生长阶段,采取降低抽苔率的措施应在5月中旬到6月初。幼苗移栽时分别施以氮肥和磷肥,生长到5月10日,就其顶芽结构来说,二者与对照无明显区别。     

2种负蝗酯酶同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳 (PAGE)的分析方法分析了短额负蝗与柳枝负蝗的酯酶 (EST)同工酶 ,结果表明 ,短额负蝗EST酶谱可分为 6个区带 ,推测受 6个基因位点控制 ;柳枝负蝗EST酶谱可分为 5个区带 ,推测受 5个基因位点控制 ,除了控制ESTⅠ同工酶的基因位点在柳枝负蝗中不存在以外 ,其它控制此 2种负蝗EST同工酶的基因位点相同。因此可推断两者的亲缘关系较接近 ,极有可能为近缘种。     

中华绒螯蟹卵子发生中卵母细胞表面和滤泡细胞的超微结构

利用透射电镜技术观察了中华绒螯蟹卵子发生过程中卵母细胞表面和滤泡细胞超微结构的变化.结果显示:从卵原细胞期到卵黄大量合成时期,滤泡细胞逐渐向卵母细胞迁移,细胞膜向外伸出许多突起,胞质中的细胞器逐渐增多,它们与卵黄蛋白物质一同移入卵周隙.到卵黄合成晚期,滤泡细胞逐渐解体.与此同时卵母细胞表面在卵黄发生初期可见微胞饮小泡;卵黄大量发生期出现大量微绒毛;卵黄合成晚期,卵黄膜形成,卵黄膜上出现多条通道,这些结构为卵母细胞吸收来自滤泡细胞的卵黄蛋白物质提供了保障.     

当归及不同炮制品多糖傅里叶变换红外光谱识别

建立了一种傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)快速无损鉴别当归及其不同炮制品多糖的新方法。生当归(unprocessed Angelica sinensis,UAS)经炮制为酒当归(angelica sinensis parched with wine,WAS)、土当归(angelica sinensis parched with soil,SAS)、油当归(angelica sinensis parched with oil,OAS)和当归炭(charred angelica sinensis,CAS),为了有效、合理地使用当归及其不同炮制品多糖,对其进行鉴别分析很有必要。首先获取当归及其不同炮制品多糖的FTIR,运用离散小波变换方法(discrete Wavelet transform,DWT)对其进行分解,然后选取2,3,4尺度下的高频信息作为特征信息,分别提取其小波熵作为特征值,采用BP神经网络进行训练,再用训练所得模型对当归及其不同炮制品多糖的FTIR小波提取出的特征值进行智能判别。通过对30个样本进行预测,判别率高达93.3%,说明基于FTIR离散小波特征提取及BP神经网络分类法识别当归及其不同炮制品多糖,具有较优的可行性。     

Testing reintroduction as a conservation strategy for the critically endangered Chinese alligator: Movements and home range of released captive individuals

The Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is considered the most critically endangered crocodilian as a result of the near total loss of its habitat and its extremely small and fragmented wild populations. Plans for population recovery lie mostly with wetland res- toration and the reintroduction of captive-reared animals. We carried out a first-trial release of 3 adult Chinese alligators (1♂, 2♀) into a pond at the Hongxing conservation site, Xuancheng, southern Anhui Province; the animals were radio-tracked from May to October in 2003. We hypothesized that after a period of adaptation, the alligators would establish definable home ranges. Two (1♂, 1♀) of the 3 alligators were monitored for the whole of the tracking period. The male had an annual home-range size of 7.61 hm2, and the female 4.00 hm2. Water temperature and pond water level were two important factors influencing the alligators’ distributions, and daily movements. The radio-tracked alligators had overlapping home ranges, which notably included the one substantial island in the pond; that island is the only known nesting site of the local native wild alligators. Aggressive interactions between the released alligators and native wild alligators were observed during the breeding season around this island. All the three reintroduced alligators survived the winter of 2003 and were alive in the same pond in 2008. We concluded that the Hongxing conservation site provided a suitable habitat for the reintroduced alligators. However, the low water level in the pond resulting from farmland irrigation in August and September can be a substantial threat to the alligators’ survival. Therefore, regu- lations on irrigation in summer and autumn are needed to balance the water needs of the alligators and agriculture.     

冰鲜野杂鱼和配合饲料对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长、消化酶活力及血细胞的影响研究

采用配合饲料和冰鲜野杂鱼饲养中华绒螯蟹幼蟹30d,观察两种饲料对蟹存活率、规格（体长、体宽和体重）和肝胰腺指数的影响,并对肝胰腺内的消化酶（蛋白酶,淀粉酶和脂肪酶）及血淋巴中的血细胞组成与大小进行计算与测量.结果表明：冰鲜野杂鱼组中华绒螯蟹规格显著高于配合饲料组,而存活率、肝胰腺指数和消化酶活性显著低于配合饲料组（P〈...