沥青混合料生产过程中钢渣集料的开裂机理

沥青混合料生产过程中,集料在滚筒中被短时间高温加热,由于钢渣集料内部组成的非均质性,可能存在开裂风险.采用A、B、C 3种钢厂的钢渣集料在(200～800 ℃)多个温度梯度条件下进行高温开裂试验,对比分析钢渣集料的开裂情况,并从钢渣不同物相高温下产生的溢出气体、热膨胀系数差异及材料内部孔隙度3个因素入手,通过X射线荧光光谱分析(X-ray fluorescence,XRF)、X 射线衍射分析(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、热重-红外光谱联用分析(thermogravimetric analysis-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,TGA-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜微观分析(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、体式显微镜结合开源计算机视觉库(open source computer vision library,OpenCV)图像处理分析等多分析手段对钢渣开裂机理进行研究.结果表明:钢渣中存在方铁矿和Al3Mg2相,相比于其他硅酸盐矿物有较高的热膨胀系数,是导致钢渣开裂的主要原因;内部具有较高的孔隙度可以吸纳内部部分热应力,进而抑制钢渣高温开裂.因此应注意钢渣集料在耐高温领域应用时可能存在的风险.     

新型固体超强酸催化剂的制备与裂解性能研究

采用浸渍法,将活性超强酸SO4^2-/ZrO2引入Si-MCM-41介孔分子筛,得到一种新型的固体超强酸催化剂SO4^2-/ZrO2 /Si-MCM-41,其PKA值可达-12.7,酸度分布曲线表明强酸中心数量远低于弱酸中心,XRD结果显示,Si-MCM-41骨架部分塌陷,但保留了主要骨架结构,采用Py-IP法,测定SO4^2-/ZrO2 /Si-MCM-41上酸类型以L酸为主,在催化1,3,5-三异丙苯裂解反应中该催化剂的性能优于微孔分子筛。     

Monitoring of drying process and cracking/disbonding of paints using lensless Fourier transform digital holography

We have proposed and demonstrated a new application of lensless Fourier transform digital holographic interferometry to study/monitor the drying process and detection of cracking/disbonding of the painted surface by observing the dynamics of interference phase maps. The technique can monitor the rate of drying of paint and visualize the state of dryness and crack/disbond. The technique is simple and easy to implement.     

Investigation of temperature and stress fields in laser cladded coatings

Temporal and spatial distributions of temperature and strain-stress have been modelled and investigated experimentally for the laser cladding process. The model corresponded to experimental conditions where the multilayer protective coatings were prepared by direct laser cladding of stellite SF6 powder on X10Cr13 chromium steel by means of a 1.2 kW CO₂ laser. For calculations the effect of base preheating, temperature dependent material properties, and also influence of time-break between cladding of the consecutive layers were taken into account. The calculated temperature fields indicated good bonding of the substrate and coating, which was in agreement with the micro-analytical test results. A decrease of the number of microcracks in the coating with an increase of substrate preheating temperature was concluded from stress calculations and confirmed in the experiment. Moreover, an increase of the cracking susceptibility with an increase of the time delay between cladding of the consecutive layers was evidenced by modelling. The best technological results were obtained for the case of single-layer coatings prepared on a preheated substrate and for higher coating thickness required the processing of consecutive layers with a possibly short time delay is advisable due to effective usage of laser beam energy for preheating and lower temperature gradients.     

催化裂化装置仿真器的开发

根据流化催化裂化装置开工、停工和生产操作动态数学模型,开发了既可用于培训、也可用于研究的催化裂化仿真器。其硬件包括个人微机、接口、模拟仪表盘和教员操作台。运用这种仿真器对操作工进行技术培训、能摸拟装置的开工、停工、生产操作调节、干扰调节及事故处理等过程,并可对催化裂化装置的操作性能、控制方法和优化等进行考察研究。这种仿真器具有较低的价格/性能值。     

CRCP加HMA加铺层荷载应力分析

CRCP加HMA加铺层路面结构以其良好的整体性、耐久性和行车舒适性 ,在道路铺装中得到了广泛的应用 .但是由于CRCP中有钢筋和横向裂缝的存在 ,使得对这种路面结构的应力计算困难较大 .使用有限元方法 ,对CRCP加HMA加铺层这种路面结构化简为平面应变问题进行分析 ,采用等参八结点四边形单元作为基本的单元对路面结构进行离散化 ,用组合单元法模拟钢筋的单向加劲作用 ,用裂缝单元模拟裂缝的传荷作用 .得出了裂缝间距和配筋率对路面结构应力的影响     

新型螯合配体BPMPHD的质谱特性研究

通过质谱分析法、理论计算等首次对新型螯合配体BPMPHD的质谱特性进行了较系统的研究 ,并对其基峰、分子离子峰以及主要特征碎片离子形成的机制和规律进行了研讨     

含磷铸铁闸瓦断裂原因的实验分析

本文通过实验，分析了含磷铸铁闸瓦的致断原因。结果表明，裂纹萌生于工作表面或次表面，由工作表面向背面扩展。在使用过程中，高磷灰铁闸瓦有严重的断裂现象，蠕化良好的含磷蠕墨铸铁闸瓦与没有明显铸造缺陷的中磷灰铁闸瓦在使用过程中不会发生断裂。     

Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的裂解催化行为

含钛分子筛的水热合成工作已有报道,有关催化性能的研究尚未见报,本文报道了十五烷裂解反应中Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的催化行为,所用Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的合成与表征见文献[2]。     

铝和磷对催化裂化催化剂抗镍性能的影响

选择Ａｌ和Ｐ元素作为催化裂化催化剂的钝镍组分，并用裂化反应产物中氢气含量、微活指数（ＭＡＴ）、积炭量等指标对元素Ａｌ和Ｐ的钝镍效果进行了考察。结果表明，Ａｌ和Ｐ均能降低裂化反应产物中的氢气含量，Ａｌ能提高催化剂的裂解活性，而Ｐ能减少催化剂上的积炭。因此，Ａｌ和Ｐ对抑制Ｎｉ污染都有明显效果。