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91.
Zusammenfassung Das Verkleisterungsverhalten einer Stärke oder eines stärkehaltigen Materials (Mehl) wird üblicherweise mittels einer kontinuierlichen Viskositätsmessung bei definiert steigenden Temperaturen in einem Rotationsviskosimeter mit Relativ-Meßkörpern erfaßt. Die Strömungsverhältnisse in einer solchen Meßeinrichtung werden phänomenologisch beschrieben, der Einfluß der Konzentration der Mehlsuspensionen und der Teige (15–60% Trockensubstanz) und der Temperatursteigerungsgeschwindigkeit (0,5–3,0 °C/min) auf das Meßergebnis wird untersucht. Beide Meßparameter bewirken deutliche Veränderungen sowohl in der Viskosität der Suspension bzw. der Teige, als auch in der Temperatur als Zeitfunktion, bei der die Viskositätsveränderungen stattfinden. Dieses Verhalten wird mit dem zeitabhängigen Wasserbindevermögen, der Quellung und der Verkleisterung der Korninhaltsstoffe gedeutet, und es wird auf die Notwendigkeit hingewiesen, diese Tatsache bei der Auswertung und dem Vergleich der Verkleisterungskurven zu berücksichtigen.
The glutinization behaviour of starch or starch-rich materials (such as flour) is usually determined by means of the continuous measurement of viscosity at a defined rate of temperature increase in a rotational viscometer providing relative measurements. The flow behaviour in such a measuring device is described phenomenologically and the influence of the concentration of the flour slurries or doughs (15–60% dry substance) and the rate of temperature increase (0.5 to 3.0 °C/min) on the results is investigated. Both parameters cause distinct changes in the viscosity of the slurries or doughs as well as in the time-dependent behaviour of the temperature at which the changes in viscosity occur. This behaviour is explained in terms of the swelling, the glutinization and the time-dependent water absorption capacity of the flour. It is pointed out that these facts must be considered when evaluating and comparing glutinization curves.
Veröffentlichung Nr. 5077 der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Getreide- und Kartoffelverarbeitung in Detmold, vorgetragen auf der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Rheologischen Gesellschaft in Ulm vom 7.–10. März 1983. 相似文献
92.
A new oscillating capillary viscometer has been developed and used for measuring viscoelastic flow properties of dilute polymer solutions. These flow properties are determined from measurements of the pressure to volume flow relationships for sinusoidal flow in cylindrical glass capillaries. The theory for this measurement procedure is based upon the known theory for oscillatory flow of a viscoelastic fluid in circular tubes and which is presented with a few supplementations in this paper.The oscillatory flow is generated by a piezoelectric driver which is dipped directly into the aqueous solution. The advantage of this driver is that the excitation voltage for the piston is a direct measure of the motion of the piston. Changes in pressure are measured with a sensitive low-pressure quartz tranducer.The viscometer was tested with aqueous glycerol solutions and a gelatin gel. The viscoelastic flow properties of dilute polymer solutions (gelatin, gelatin/color-coupler, polyacrylamide) were then investigated in the frequency range 5 Hz to 150 Hz at very small volume flow amplitudes. The results presented illustrate the suitability of the method. The results are also evaluated with regard to the stabilizing action of slightly viscoelastic gelatinous coating liquids in the high-speed coating process in the manufacture of photographic materials. 相似文献
93.
LifetimeEvaluationofMediumandSmalSizePowerTransformers—Part2:ExperimentalStudyGuoYongji(郭永基),DaiYoujie(代有杰)DepartmentofElectr... 相似文献
94.
粘滞度是血流最重要的性质之一,血液是非牛顿流体,血液的粘度随着切变率的变化而变化。考脱粘度计可用以测定血液的表现粘度. 文章推导了该粘度计的扭矩公式,该公式可用以测定像血液、矿物油、润滑油、粘合剂之类非牛顿流体的表现粘度. 相似文献
95.
The viscosity of five (0.1240, 0.2378, 0.4645, 0.9440, and 2.2310 mol⋅kg−1) binary aqueous KBr solutions have been measured with a capillary flow technique. Measurements were made at pressures up
to 30 MPa for the temperature range 298 to 577 K. The total uncertainties of the viscosity, pressure, temperature, and composition
measurements were estimated to be less than 1.6%, 0.05%, 15 mK, and 0.02%, respectively. The temperature and pressure coefficients
of the viscosity of KBr(aq) were studied as a function of molality and temperature. The measured viscosities were compared
with data, predictions and correlations previously reported in the literature. The viscosity data were used to accurately
calculate the physical-meaningful parameters (viscosity A- and B-coefficients) of the extended Jones-Dole equation for the relative viscosity (η/η
0). Various theoretical models {absolute rate theory, Tammann-Tait-Gibson (TTG) model, and extended Einstein model} were used
to accurately represent the measured viscosities. Values of hydrodynamic molar volume V
k
(effective rigid molar volume of the salt) were calculated using the present experimental data. The high-pressure viscosity
measurements were used to test the predictive capability of the TTG model. 相似文献
96.
《Physics and Chemistry of Liquids》2012,50(3):143-151
Abstract The frequency-dependent dielectric loss due to ion migration in a solvent with a given dielectric function ?(ω) is calculated explicitIy within the following framework: i) The solvent is treated in the dielectric continuum model ii) The Navier-Stokes equation is solved for the velocity field iii) The limiting cases of (a) large ion radius (weak coupling) and (b) point ions (strong coupling) are treated explicitly. The most clearcut prediction of the theory is that the incremental frequency-dependent conductivity is proportional to ω¼ at high frequencies, the power law being independent of the form of ?(ω). For arbitrary frequencies, in the limits (a) and (b) above, the incremental frequency-dependent conductivity can be calculated explicitly given the dielectric function of the solvent. 相似文献