Permselective and Preconcentration Properties of a Surfactant‐Intercalated Clay Modified Electrode

This work is focused on the voltammetric examination of the ion exchange properties of a smectite type clay, before and after its modification by the replacement of its native interlamellar cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺) by hexadecyltrimethylammonium cations (HDTMA⁺). The raw clay and its organically modified form were first characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET method) that confirmed the modification via an intercalation process. These materials were subsequently coated onto glassy carbon surfaces, and the resulting modified electrodes were evaluated for the uptake of [Ru(NH₃)₆]³⁺ and [Fe(CN)₆]^3? ions used as redox probes. Some experimental parameters affecting the incorporation of the probes within the film, including the ionic strength, the surfactant loading and the solution pH are thoroughly examined, in order to highlight the mechanism of the process. The possibility of using the surfactant‐intercalated clay modified electrode as an electrochemical sensor for [Fe(CN)₆]^3? is also evaluated.     

硫氰酸铈(Ⅲ)与三缩四乙二醇配合物[Ce(C_8H_(18)O_5)(NCS)_3(H_2O)]的合成及晶体结构

合成了硫氰酸铈(Ⅲ)与三缩四乙醇配合物[Ce(C_8H_(18)O_5)(NCS)_3(H_(2)O)].晶体结构分析表明,该配合物晶体属三斜晶系,P(?)空间群.晶胞参数:a=0.8816(3)nm,b=1.0465(2)nm,c=1.2490(2)nm,α=86.46(1)°,β=70.90(2)°,γ=66.37(2)°,ν=0.9943nm~(3),Z=2.D_(计算)=1.769cm~(3),最终偏差因子R=0.049.     

Self‐Assembly,Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Studies of Nickel(II)‐4,8‐Diazaundecanediamide Complex

The self‐assembly of NiCl₂·6H₂O with a diaminodiamide ligand 4,8‐diazaundecanediamide (L‐2,3,2) gave a [Ni(C₉H₂₀N₄O₂)(Cl)(H₂O)] Cl·2H₂O ( 1 ). The structure of 1 was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Structural data for 1 indicate that the Ni(II) is coordinated to two tertiary N atoms, two O atoms, one water and one chloride in a distorted octahedral geometry. Crystal data for 1: orthorhombic, space group P 21nb, a = 9.5796(3) Å, b = 12.3463(4) Å, c = 14.6305(5) Å, Z = 4. Through NH···Cl–Ni (H···Cl 2.42 Å, N···Cl 3.24 Å, NH···Cl 158°) and OH···Cl–Ni contacts (H···Cl 2.36 Å, O···Cl 3.08 Å, OH···Cl 143°), each cationic moiety [Ni(C₉H₂₀N₄O₂) (Cl)(H₂O)]⁺ in 1 is linked to neighboring ones, producing a charged hydrogen‐bonded 1D chainlike structure. Thermogrametric analysis of compound 1 is consistent with the crystallographic observations. The electronic absorption spectrum of Ni(L‐2,3,2)²⁺ in aqueous solution shows four absorption bands, which are assigned to the ³A_2g → ³T_2g, ³T_2g → ¹Eg, ³T_2g → ³T_1g, and ³A_2g → ³T_1g transitions of triplet‐ground state, distorted octahedral nickel(II) complex. The cyclic volammetric measurement shows that Ni²⁺ is more easily reduced than Ni(L‐2,3,2)²⁺ in aqueous solution.     

电化学聚合漆酚铜配合物催化引发醋酸乙烯酯聚合的研究

将电化学聚合方法得到的聚合漆酚 (EPU)与氯化铜异丙醇溶液作用生成电化学聚合漆酚铜配合物(EPU Cu2 + ) .采用顺磁共振波谱 (ESR)、红外光谱 (FT IR)、XPS光电子能谱、原子发射光谱 (AES)、元素分析及AES等手段进行表征 ,确定该配合物的结构即每个铜离子与EPU分子中二个链节单元的羟基发生配位 .配合物中铜含量达 8 6 3% .实验表明 ,电化学聚合漆酚铜 (EPU Cu2 + )配合物膜在室温下的Na2 SO3水体系 (pH =7)中能催化引发醋酸乙烯酯 (VAc)按自由基加聚反应历程进行聚合 .讨论了温度、Na2 SO3浓度、VAc浓度和EPU Cu2 + 膜用量对聚合速率、诱导时间的影响 ,求得聚合速率的表达式Rp=0 0 7e- 2 82 5 RT[VAc]1 54[Na2 SO3]0 5,实验结果表明 ,EPU Cu2 + 配合物膜催化引发醋酸乙烯酯 (VAc)聚合的诱导期为 12 2s ,反应 2 4h后PVAc得率为79% , Mw =1 2 6× 10 6 , Mn=2 6 3× 10 5,多分散性系数为 4 79.     

Determination of kinetic parameters of polymerizations by differential scanning calorimetry

Differential scanning calorimetry is well suited to record heat productions of chemical and physical processes as data for the following kinetic analysis. To obtain kinetic parameters of complex reactions, nonlinear optimization methods have to be used. Such complex reaction systems are polymerizations. We tried to evaluate measurements of the epoxy cure and the polymerization of β-propiolactame with simple and complex models. In both cases the simple models did not produce satisfactory results. But by using complex models a successful fitting of the measured data was possible. Our investigation shows that the combination of DSC and modern nonlinear evaluation methods presents a suitable tool for the kinetic investigation of polymerizations.     

络合氢化物Ti-NaAlH4的制备与储氢特性

采用Ti粉为催化剂前驱体、预处理Al粉和NaH为合成原料, 通过机械球磨-加氢方法合成出络合氢化物Ti-NaAlH4, 系统研究了球磨保护气氛、球磨时间和氢化加氢压力等制备参数对其储氢性能的影响. 结果表明, 制备方法对Ti-NaAlH4储氢特性有很大影响. 与氩气保护气氛相比, 在氢气气氛中球磨制备的复合物具有更高的吸放氢性能. 在氢气保护气氛下, 随着球磨时间从6 h增至24 h, 复合物的吸氢容量和吸氢速率先增后减, 12 h时达到最佳值, 而复合物的放氢容量和放氢速率则逐渐增高; 进一步延长球磨时间会使颗粒发生团聚, 从而导致吸氢性能下降. 随着氢化加氢压力从7.5 MPa升至13.5 MPa, 复合物的吸氢容量(质量分数)由2.83%逐渐增至4.21%. 复合物球磨后出现的Na3AlH6中间氢化物相表明, 在氢气下掺Ti球磨对NaH和Al的氢化反应起到很好的促进作用.     

Spectrophotometric study of the reaction of Co(II) and Ni(II) with nitroso-R-salt and α-nitroso-β-naphthol

The complexes of Co(II) and Ni(II) with nitroso-R-salt are studied by conductometric titration and spectrophotometric methods in buffer solutions of differentpH. The study proved the possible formation of (11), (12) and (13) complexes for Co(II) while Ni(II) forms (11) and (12) complexes (metal:ligand) only. The factors affecting complex formation are established and the formation constants of the complexes are evaluated. The ir spectra of the solid complexes with -nitroso--naphthol revealed that the ligand exhibits the nitrosophenol structure and that the reaction takes place through proton displacement from the OH-group.

---

Spektrophotometrische Studie zur Reaktion von Co(II) und Ni(II) mit Nitroso-R-Salz und -Nitroso--naphthol

Zusammenfassung Es wurden die Komplexe von Co(II) und Ni(II) mit Nitroso-R-Salz mittels konduktometrischer und spektrophotometrischer Methoden in Puffer-Lösungen mit verschiedenempH untersucht. Für Co(II) wurden (11)-, (12)- und (13)-Komplexe gefunden, während für Ni(II) lediglich (11)- und (12)-Komplexe (Metall:Ligand) festgestellt werden konnten. Die Faktoren, die die Komplexierung bestimmen, werden diskutiert und die Komplexbildungskonstanten wurden bestimmt. Die IR-Spektren der Komplexe mit -Nitroso--naphthol zeigen, daß der Ligand in der Nitrosophenol-Form vorliegt und daß die Reaktion über eine Protonenverschiebung von der OH-Gruppe verläuft.

     

Determination of the complex formation constants for some water-soluble polymers with trivalent metal ions by differential pulse polarography

The formation of metal complexes between water-soluble polymers, poly(vinyl alcohol) [PVA], poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) [PVP], poly(acrylamide) [PAAm] and poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO] with trivalent metal ions, Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, and V³⁺ were studied by using differential pulse polarography (DPP). The general experimental observation is the shift of totally reversible reduction peaks (M³⁺+Hg+e^–M²⁺+Hg) towards more negative potentials when the complexing water-soluble polymers are added to the solution of trivalent metal ions. The negative shift in potential permitted the determination of complex formation constants (K_f) between trivalent metal ions and water soluble polymers. The complex formation constants for Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, and V³⁺ ions with these polymers increased in the order of V³⁺>Cr³⁺>Fe³⁺.     

钆(Ⅲ)-钙试剂络合物吸附波研究

在含有 0 .1 0 mol/L KCl,p H=1 0 .2的 NH3- NH4 Cl缓冲溶液中 ,用线性扫描示波极谱法测得 Gd( ) - Cal- red络合物有一灵敏的导数波 ,峰电位在 - 0 .84V,峰电流与钆 ( )的浓度在 1 .0× 1 0 - 7～ 5 .0× 1 0 - 6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系 ,检出限达1 .0× 1 0 - 7mol/L ;另外 ,试剂本身在 - 0 .61 V有导数极谱波 ,该波的峰电流随钆( )的浓度增加而降低 ,也具有一定的线性关系     

4-乙烯吡啶-丁烯酮共聚物与铑的顺二羰基配合物结构和性能研究

<正> 在铑催化剂的作用下,甲醇与一氧化碳经羰基化反应为乙酸和乙酸甲酯,是60年代发展起来的新工艺,但以往多是采用均相小分子铑催化剂,除我们的工作以外,迄今尚少见报道有采用以共聚物为配体的高分子铑催化剂的成功先例。