工业CT重建图像中边缘梯度效应引起的高频伪影

为研究伪影对大型工件内部密度锐变区域高对比度微小缺陷检测的影响,从一个简单的轴对称断层模型出发,计算了边缘梯度效应引起的通过物体内部不同材料交界面处的射束的投影偏差。并研究采样相位的影响,探讨了由此偏差引起的重建图像中的高频伪影的表现形式。计算结果表明,高频伪影具有相当的强度,且具有与缺陷相似的表现形式,从而影响工业CT的检测能力。结合点扩散过程,高频伪影强度的计算为评估工业CT边缘处的缺陷检测能力提供了理论依据。     

提高电脑建筑效果图制作效率的措施

对提高电脑效果图制作效率的重要性及常用方法进行了探讨，分析了制图效率低的原因，对合理配置计算机系统、优化计算机系统资源、熟练掌握软件使用技巧等进行了具体论述。     

承受拉-扭组合载荷的薄壁圆筒屈服时产生塑性流动的条件

提出了在无外力作功的情况下，具有Bauschinger效应的弹塑性材料处于屈服状态产生自发的塑性流动时应满足的条件．这个条件不仅与材料的力学性能有关，而且还处决于材料的具体的载荷边界条件和变形．举例说明了承受拉一扭组合的薄壁圆筒中，采用组合强化模型时，产生塑性流动的具体条件．     

原子光谱线变宽的因素分析

分别从经典理论和量子理论的不同角度论述了使原子光谱线变宽的各种主要因素:由于能量的不确定关系导致的自然致宽;多普勒致宽;碰撞致宽;因碰撞过程中原子能级变化而导致的压力致宽、场致宽等.通过分析,阐明了实际光谱线与理想光谱线的不同及其原因.     

四能级原子系统中量子相干增强的Kerr非线性效应的研究

应用密度矩阵方程计算了四能级原子系统中三阶非线性极化率随信号光和探针光频率失谐的变化关系。结果表明，由于量子干涉对信号光强度的敏感性，使四能级原子介质的交叉Kerr非线性作用大大增强，与三能级系统相比，四能级原子介质的Kerr非线性系数可增强两个数量级。     

论委托理财保底条款之效力

委托理财是目前金融市场上较为普遍的一种金融现象,受托方为吸引资金往往在委托理财合同中设定保底条款。但是我国的法律和行政法规中未明确规定有关保底条款的效力,理论界对此存在不同的看法。立法不应一概否认保底条款之效力,而应在对保底收益率予以限制的前提下有条件地承认保底条款的效力。     

浅谈幼儿基本体操对幼儿发育的促进作用

幼儿基本体操是以幼儿为对象,以增强体质为目的的大众健身体操。从幼儿基本体操的概念上、幼儿生理上、心理上、智力发展方面介绍和论述幼儿基本体操对幼儿发育的促进作用。     

Perceptual learning of dot pattern

Dot pattern is a type of pattern defined by specific spatial relationship among some dots. As a compensation for concrete and meaningful visual stimuli, meaningless dot pattern can be used as stimuli in learning tasks. We performed an experiment for exploring the perceptual learning process of dot pattern against random-dot background. Participants were required to learn two types of dot patterns (9-dot and 11-dot). They were assigned to two groups: participants in Group 1 learned 9-dot pattern first and 11-dot pattern later, while those in Group 2 learned 11-dot pattern first and 9-dot pattern later. The results showed that participants could acquire the spatial relationship of dot pattern through perceptual learning in relatively short learning time. In comparison with 9-dot pattern, learning time of 11-dot pattern was slightly longer and its accuracy rate lower, but there was significant positive transfer effect from 11-dot pattern learning to 9-dot learning.     

Nonlinear rheological behavior of silica filled solution‐polymerized styrene butadiene rubber

The reinforcement and nonlinear viscoelastic behavior have been investigated for silica (SiO₂) filled solution‐polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (SSBR). Experimental results reveal that the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of the filled rubber is similar to that of unfilled SSBR, which is inconsistent with the general concept that this characteristic comes from the breakdown and reformation of the filler network. It is interesting that the curves of either dynamic storage modulus (G′) or loss tangent (tan δ) versus strain amplitude (γ) for the filled rubber can be superposed, respectively, on those for the unfilled one, suggesting that the primary mechanism for the Payne effect is mainly involved in the nature of the entanglement network in rubbery matrix. It is believed there exists a cooperation between the breakdown and reformation of the filler network and the molecular disentanglement, resulting in enhancing the Payne effect and improving the mechanical hysteresis at high strain amplitudes. Moreover, the vertical and the horizontal shift factors for constructing the master curves could be well understood on the basis of the reinforcement factor f(φ) and the strain amplification factor A(φ), respectively. The surface modification of SiO₂ causes a decrease in f(φ), which is ascribed to weakeness of the filler–filler interaction and improvement of the filler dispersion. However, the surface nature of SiO₂ hardly affects A(φ). © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2594‐2602, 2007