Cinnamomum tamala leaf extract-mediated green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and their use in pyranopyrazles synthesis

A novel, biochemical, and eco-friendly method has been developed for the synthesis of Ag nanopar-ticles using an aqueous leaf extract of readily accessibleCinnamomum tamala as reducing and stabi-lizing agents. These Ag nanoparticles were used to catalyze the synthesis of pyranopyrazoles. The green nature and ease of recovery and reusability of the catalyst, together with high yields of prod-ucts, make this protocol attractive and useful.     

固相萃取/毛细管气相色谱法测定肉桂皮中六六六、滴滴涕农药残留量

研究了肉桂皮中六六六、滴滴涕农药残留量的测定方法。以丙酮-石油醚混合溶剂为提取剂,旋涡振荡提取,采用固相萃取技术对提取液净化,优化洗脱溶剂的比例和用量,用气相色谱/微电子捕获检测器（μECD）测定。在优化条件下,BHC及DDT农药在10~1 000 μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.995 8~0.998 1。2种农药在肉桂皮中的加标回收率为 92.1%~112%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.8%~8.1%,方法的检出限（LODs）为5.0×10-3~2.4×10-2 mg?kg-1,定量下限（LOQs）为1.3×10-2~6.0×10-2 mg?kg-1。方法具有简单、灵敏、选择性高、重现性好等优点。     

香樟主要食叶害虫生物学特性观察与防治

樟巢螟和樟叶蜂是泰州地区危害香樟的两大主要食叶害虫。文中对泰州地区樟叶蜂生活史、发生状况及危害特点首次进行了观察和分析,并提出了园林管护,人工、生物及化学防治等措施进行综合治理的建议。     

广西几种林化产品化学成分气相色谱分析

采用1102型气相色谱仪、FID检测器和BP×5玻璃毛细管柱对松香、松节油、桂油和茴油主要化学成分进行气相色谱分析,结果表明,马尾松脂松香含有7种主要树脂酸,其中枞酸的含量最高,质量含量为45.85%;马尾松节油的主要化学成分有32种,其中α-蒎烯含量最高,质量含量为83.23%;桂叶与桂枝提取的桂油主要化学成分都是22种,含量最高的成分是反式肉桂醛,其中桂叶提取油质量含量是78.51%,而桂枝提取油质量是87.54%;八角枝叶提取油的主要化学成分有18种,其中含量最高是反式茴香醚,质量含量为89.43%.     

Beyond the Bark: An Overview of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Selected Bark Essential Oils

Essential oils have been used by indigenous peoples for medicinal purposes since ancient times. Their easy availability played an important role. Even today, essential oils are used in various fields—be it as aromatic substances in the food industry, as an aid in antibiotic therapy, in aromatherapy, in various household products or in cosmetics. The benefits they bring to the body and health are proven by many sources. Due to their complex composition, they offer properties that will be used more and more in the future. Synergistic effects of various components in an essential oil are also part of the reason for their effectiveness. Infectious diseases will always recur, so it is important to find active ingredients for different therapies or new research approaches. Essential oils extracted from the bark of trees have not been researched as extensively as from other plant components. Therefore, this review will focus on bringing together previous research on selected bark oils to provide an overview of barks that are economically, medicinally, and ethnopharmaceutically relevant. The bark oils described are Cinnamomum verum, Cedrelopsis grevei, Drypetes gossweileri, Cryptocarya massoy, Vanillosmopsis arborea and Cedrus deodara. Literature from various databases, such as Scifinder, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, among others, were used.     

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oils of Citral-Rich Chemotype Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum bodinieri

Citral chemotypes Cinnamomum camphora (C. camphora) and Cinnamomum bodinieri (C. bodinieri) are promising industrial plants that contain abundant citral. For a more in-depth study, their significant biological effect, the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of essential oils of citral-rich chemotype C. camphora and C. bodinieri (EOCC) were determined in the present study. The EOCC yield, obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ranged from 1.45–2.64%. Forty components more than 0.1% were identified and represented, mainly by a high content of neral (28.6–39.2%), geranial (31.8–54.1%), Z-isocitral (1.8–3.2%), E-isocitral (3.2–4.7%), geraniol (1.3–2.6%) and caryophyllene (0.6–2.4%). The antioxidant properties of EOCC were estimated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. As our results indicated, the antioxidant activity was significantly correlated to oxygenated monoterpenes. The variety of C. bodinieri (N7) presented the best antioxidant profile, given its highest inhibition of DPPH radical (IC₅₀ = 6.887 ± 0.151 mg/mL) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 19.08 ± 0.02 mg/mL). To the best of our knowledge, more than 88% citral of C. bodinieri was investigated and the antioxidant properties described for the first time. Considering high essential oil yield, rich citral content and high antioxidant activity, the N7 variety will be a good candidate for pharmaceutical and cosmetic development of an improved variety.     

贵州樟属四种药用植物内果皮,种皮微形态特征

本文借助扫描电镜，对贵州樟属的米杭Ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｎｕｍ ｍｉｇｏ Ｈ．Ｗ．Ｌｉ．云南樟Ｃ．ｇｌａｎｄｕｌｉｆｅｒｍ（ｗａｌｌ）Ｎｅｓｓ、梓Ｃ．ｃｏｐｈｏｒａ（ＯＬ．）ｐｒｅｓｌ、猴樟Ｃ．ｂｏｄｉｎｉｒｉ Ｌｅｖｌ。等四种植物的内果皮、种皮表面形态进行了比较观察。首次提出了鉴别这四种药材（果实）的微形态特征，并根据其形态差异进行了归类。为药材鉴别和樟属植物的分类提供科学资料。     

滴灌施肥条件下氮磷钾对‘龙脑香樟’幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

【目的】研究滴灌施肥条件下1年生‘龙脑香樟’幼苗的施肥效应,以获得最佳氮磷钾使用浓度和配比方案。【方法】在浙江余杭西北部的径山丘陵区,开展了不同N、P、K施肥配比试验,通过测定‘龙脑香樟’苗高、地径、生物量等生长指标和净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)等生理指标,比较滴灌施肥和常规施肥对‘龙脑香樟’生长的影响。【结果】①滴灌施肥显著增加了‘龙脑香樟’幼林苗高和地径年生长量、生物量,且均在N、P、K分别为26.0、2.6、16.9 g/株处理时达到最大值,分别比常规施肥增加了20.36%、55.15%、79.44%;②全年滴灌施肥和常规施肥苗高、地径生长一致,各处理苗高均在9月达到增长峰值,而地径则分别在6月、9月出现并达到增长峰值,苗高和地径全年生长差值最大均出现在8月和9月;③滴灌施肥显著提高了1年生‘龙脑香樟’的叶片净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、蒸腾速率(T_r)等生理指标,它们的变化趋势基本一致,即一定范围内随着施肥量增加而增加,过量施肥反而使其降低。相比常规施肥,滴灌施肥显著提高了1年生‘龙脑香樟’叶片的光饱和点(LSP)和表观量子效率(AQY),降低了光补偿点(LCP)和暗呼吸速率(Rd),使得‘龙脑香樟’叶片光合时效延长,这有利于‘龙脑香樟’叶片光合产物的积累,促进‘龙脑香樟’的生长。【结论】滴灌栽培1年生‘龙脑香樟’幼林最佳N、P、K施肥配比为N肥26.0 g/株、P肥2.6 g/株、K肥16.9 g/株,由此制定出滴灌栽培1年生‘龙脑香樟’幼林的优化施肥制度。     

油樟叶精油不同馏分化学成分及其抗氧化能力评价

采用减压分馏的方法对油樟叶精油进行分馏,结合GC-MS联用技术研究油樟叶精油及其不同馏分的化学成分,并对其清除1,1-二苯-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基能力进行了评价。结果表明:油樟叶精油及其不同馏分中的化学成分及其含量差异较显著。从油樟叶精油(A_0号精油)及其所得到的馏分(A_1号精油、A_2号精油、A_3号精油)中分别鉴定出29、15、20和31种物质,共鉴定出31种化合物,包括烃类21种、醇类8种、酮类和酯类各1种,它们的共有成分有15种,此外还检测到一些特有成分,油樟叶精油(A_0号精油)14种、馏分A_2号精油5种、馏分A_3号精油16种。油樟叶精油及其不同馏分均有清除DPPH自由基能力,它们的抗氧化活性能力强弱顺序为A_3 A_2 A_0 A_1。但它们清除能力均低于同质量浓度的维生素C。本研究结果为油樟叶精油有效成分的进一步分离纯化及其资源开发利用可以提供理论依据。