浅谈小型病险水库除险加固工作

目前许多小型水库存在管理设施简陋、管理人员专业技术水平偏低、管理单位经济基础薄弱,同时防洪能力不足、工程老化严重等突出问题。根据施工经验,分析了小型水库出险的基本原因,提出了除险加固的管理措施和技术措施。     

Fe (III)‐grafted Bi2MoO6 nanoplates for enhanced photocatalytic activities on tetracycline degradation and HMF oxidation

Fe (III)‐grafted Bi₂MoO₆ nanoplates (Fe (III)/BMO) with varying small quantity of Fe (III) clusters modification were fabricated through a simple hydrothermal and impregnation process. The characterization results indicate that the modification of Fe (III) clusters on the surface of Bi₂MoO₆ nanoplates with intimate interfacial contact is beneficial to the expansion of visible light absorption range and the separation of photoinduced carriers during the interface charge transfer process. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were studied by degradation of tetracycline (TC) and selective aerobic oxidation of biomass‐derived chemical 5‐hydroxymethylfuraldehyde (HMF) under visible light. The 1.5 wt% Fe (III) clusters‐grafted Bi₂MoO₆ nanoplates exhibited optimum photocatalytic activity, which is the TC degradation kinetic rate constant is 5.3 times higher than that of bare BMO, and the highest HMF conversion of 32.62% can be obtained with a selectivity of 95.30%. Furthermore, a possible visible light photocatalysis mechanism over Fe (III)/BMO sample has been proposed. This study may supply some insight for the development of visible‐light‐driven Bi₂MoO₆‐based photocatalysts applicable to both environmental remediation and biomass‐derived chemical transformation.     

考虑重力因素的断溶体储层“井-洞-缝”模型试井解释方法

顺北油田属于大型断裂构造运动形成的断溶体储层，纵向裂缝系统和垂向分布的溶洞是主要的储集体空间.本文提出溶洞中的压力变化是由流动和波动共同产生的，依此把能量守恒方程与试井理论相结合，建立考虑重力因素的断溶体储层试井解释方法.定义无量纲量，并对无量纲方程进行Laplace变换，得到Laplace空间上的井底压力.由Stehfest数值反演算法得到试井分析所需的图版曲线.对重力因素进行敏感性分析表明：重力因素只影响双对数曲线的末期，当重力因素很明显时，曲线特征类似于定压边界.对新疆油田的某井进行分析，解释了曲线后期下掉原因，并给出溶洞体积以及波动相关参数等，分析结果与生产实际情况相吻合.     

Bi2O3/FAp,a sustainable catalyst for synthesis of dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives through green strategy

The bismuth loaded on fluorapatite (Bi₂O₃/FAp) proved to be an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of novel dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives via a three-component reaction involving the mixture of 1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amine, ethyl cyanoacetate or ethyl acetoacetate, and different benzaldehydes in ethanol at room temperature. The catalyst material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, Fourier-transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The efficacy of Bi₂O₃/FAp as a heterogeneous catalyst was evaluated with the loading of different wt% of bismuth on FAp. The 2.5% bismuth on FAp performed extremely well as a catalyst with a high yield of products (92%–96%) in a short reaction time (25–35 min). The catalyst was recovered by simple filtration. It showed undiminished activity up to five runs. Simple work-up, room temperature reaction, short reaction time, high yields, no column chromatography, and good reusability of catalyst are the merits of the proposed protocol. In addition, this process offers 100% carbon efficiency and 98% atom economy with noteworthy fiscal and environmental benefits.     

基于沉积数值模拟的辫状河心滩演化

选取黄骅坳陷新近系典型辫状河沉积解剖区,利用密井网区动静态资料相结合识别和刻画心滩及其内部结构,在此基础上通过沉积数值模拟探究研究区心滩形成过程,并建立研究区心滩顺流迁移和横向迁移演化模式。结果表明:顺流加积、垂向加积、侧向加积和侵蚀作用共同塑造心滩的形态和内部结构;滩头侵蚀、滩尾顺流加积和垂向加积形成了心滩的顺流生长和垂向生长;侧向加积与侵蚀作用控制心滩的不对称侧向生长过程。     

Nucleophilic substitution of ferrocenyl alcohols catalyzed by bismuth(III) in aqueous medium at room temperature

A nucleophilic substitution reaction of an α‐ferrocenyl alcohol with various amines, indoles and thiols was successfully developed by using a catalytic amount of Bi(NO₃)₃.5H₂O at room temperature without the aid of phase transfer catalyst. The reactions proceeded in aqueous media, leading to the formation of new C=C, C=N and C=S bonds bearing ferrocenyl substituent with high efficiency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A New,Mild, and Rapid Transformation of Acylals to Bisulfites in One-Pot Synthesis by Bismuth (III) Nitrate Pentahydrate

Abstract

Direct conversion of acylals to the corresponding bisulfites can be easily performed in the presence of bismuth (III) nitrate pentahydrate in ethanol at room temperature in good yields.     

THE P4 MOLECULE AND P4H+ ION

Abstract

Experimental findings as well as quantum chemical calculations indicate that the P₄ molecule has a remarkably low nucleophilicity. The P₄H₊ ion is predicted to have a ‘proton at apex’ configuration whereas a proton in the centre seems to be metastable. The influence of d orbitals on the stability of P₄ against 2 P₂ and 1/2 P₈, the photoelectron spectrum, and the valence electron density is discussed.     

论贺铸词的传播与接受

过去谈贺铸词，基本上是从他的思想内容和艺术成就等角度来论述，而很少从传播学的角度去进行考量。然而贺铸词之所以能够闻名当时，流传后世，恰恰是在新的传播环境下依靠了传播的力量。文章以贺铸词的传播方式作为研究对象，为研究贺铸词兴盛的原因提供一个新的视角。同时，通过历代词学评论家对贺铸词的评价来探寻其在词史上的地位。     

低渗透油藏水锁伤害机理及解水锁实验研究*

针对地层压力低（压力系数小于1）、油井含水率低（小于50%）的低渗油井，水锁伤害普遍存在的问题，研究了毛细管效应和贾敏效应对产生水锁现象的机理认识。通过实验数据结果分析，得到了水锁现象与渗透率的关系，即：渗透率越低，水锁程度越严重，10.00 mD以下的岩芯，压力升高值基本在25%左右，而大于10.00 mD的岩芯压力升高值在15%左右。注入表面活性剂后，解除水锁效果非常明显，特别是渗透率越低，效果越明显，最高驱替压力值下降幅度达到了近50%。说明表面活性剂对解水锁具有很好的效果。